山梨优良品系的选择     

刘立波  张志伟  佟向东  张志环  高金辉 《中国林副特产》2015,(1):11-15

2012~2013年,对山梨园中不同品系山梨进行了果实大小、单株结果产量、石细胞含量、出汁率、可溶性固形物含量、可溶性糖含量等指标的测定和评价。结果表明:初选的12个品系22株山梨个体中,有8个品系12株山梨个体在1个或多个果实性状指标上表现比较突出。具有较好鲜食品质的有YS10-5、YS15-1、YS15-2、YS11-2;具有较好加工品质的有YS6-8、YS6-9、YS10-5、YS15-1和YS15-2;具有较高产量的有YS6-9、YS11-5、YS10-5、YS15-1、YS9-2、YS13-6、YS13-4、YS14-2、YS14-5、YS8-4和YS7-6;具有果个大且品质好的有YS10-5、YS11-2、YS11-5和YS15-1。通过模糊数学隶属函数对12个品系22株山梨个体综合评判,有6个优良品系9株优良单株果实各项指标隶属函数均值较大,从大到小依次为YS10-5、YS11YS11-5、YS9-2、YS15-1、YS14-5、YS11-2、YS6-9、YS10-2和YS15-2,其隶属函数均值范围为0.5068-0.8335。  相似文献   

‘热引19号’坚尼草选育研究报告     

唐军  王文强  白昌军  何华玄  刘国道 《草地学报》2015,(5):1123-1128

1998年从澳大利亚引入坚尼草TD58(Panicum maximum‘TD58')后,相继完成适应性评价、品种比较试验、区域试验和生产试验,2007年选育而成‘热引19号'坚尼草(P.maximum'Reyin NO.19')。结果表明:该品种年均干草产量达21753.02 kg·hm~(-2),种子年均产量为800.05 kg·hm~(-2),营养价值适中,且耐低温、耐荫、耐旱、花期晚,综合性状均优于对照品种,是适合于我国南方热带亚热带地区推广种植的牧草新品种。  相似文献   

玉米品种密度试验研究     

常艳丽  刘肖  师仰新  高雄东  李娜  辛海滨  姜海和 《陕西农业科学》2021,(3):9-11

作物品种是影响作物产量的主要因素。通过研究在子洲的川地上,7个玉米品种在3 000株·667m^-2、4 000株·667m^-2、5 000株·667m^-2和6 000株·667m^-2这四个密度的农艺性状和产量等。研究表明：陕单8806在4 000株·667m^-2下获得较高产,陕单636、陕单650、郑单958、陕单609在5 000株·667m^-2的密度下产量最高,登海9号和东单60在6 000株·667m^-2下产量最高。  相似文献   

不同来源大豆种质资源的田间鉴定与筛选     

赵朝森  赵现伟  孙丽萍  厉苏宁  郭兵福  王瑞珍 《西北农业学报》2021,(11):1638-1647

旨在评价不同生态区大豆种质资源表型性状遗传多样性,为亲本选择和品种改良提供科学依据。以1 580份来源于国外和中国北方、黄淮海、南方生态区的大豆种质资源为对象,分析21个形态描述型性状的遗传多样性,并对13个数量性状的遗传变异及其相关性进行综合分析。结果表明：21个描述型性状的Simpson多样性指数平均值在国外、中国北方、黄淮海、南方及总资源群体中分别为0.345 9、0.347 1、0.345 9、  0.322 4、0.357 7,荚色Simpson多样性指数最大,叶色Simpson多样性指最小。底荚高度、有效分枝数、单株荚数、单株粒数、株高、百粒质量、单株粒质量的遗传变异系数均大于30%,初花时间、主茎节数、茎粗、荚长、荚宽的遗传变异系数为20%～10%,生育时间的遗传变异系数小于10%。13个数量性状的Simpson多样性指数平均值在国外、中国北方、黄淮海、南方及总资源群体中分别为0.813 6、0.831 1、0.825 9、0.836 9、0.826 5,说明该批大豆种质资源多样性丰富。相关分析表明,单株粒质量与其他12个重要农艺性状呈极显著正相关。通径分析发现百粒质量、单株粒数对单株粒质量的正向效应最大,其次为茎粗、单株荚数,而荚宽、株高、初花时间有负向效应。本研究揭示了该批大豆种质资源表型性状的遗传特点及其相互关系,以大豆单株产量构成性状为综合指标,结合生育时间表现,筛选出30份高产特异大豆种质,为合理选择亲本形成优势性状互补以进行大豆高产品种改良和选育提供参考。  相似文献   

An integrated method for matching forest machinery and a weight-value adjustment     

Dan Li 《林业研究》2014,25(3):683-688

Proper matching of forestry machinery is important when raising mechanization levels for forestry production. In the matching process, forestry machinery needs not only expertise, but also improved methods for solving problems. I propose combination of case-based reasoning （CBR） and rule-based reasoning （RBR） by calculating the similarity of quantitative parameters of various forestry machines in an analytical and hierarchical process. I calculated the similarity of machin-ery used in forest industries to enable better selection and matching of equipment. I propose a weight-value adjusting method based on sums of squares of deviations in which the individual parameter weights were modified in the process of application. During the process of system design, I put forward a design method knowledge base and generated a dynamic web reasoning framework to integrate the processes of forest industry machinery selection and weight-value adjustment. This enables expansion of the scope of the complete system and enhancement of the reasoning efficiency. I demonstrate the validity and practicability of this method using a practical example.  相似文献   

Particle clearance and selection in three species of juvenile scallops     

S. E. Shumway  T. L. Cucci  M. P. Lesser  N. Bourne  B. Bunting 《Aquaculture International》1997,5(1):89-99

Juvenile scallops (<2 mm shell height) of three species (Placopecten magellanicus, Patinopecten yessoensis, Argopecten irradians) were fed mixed, unialgal cultures. Scallops were fed a total of six algal clones simultaneously and clearance rates were monitored using flow cytometric techniques. In another experiment, scallops were presented with natural assemblages of particulate matter as a food source. Data are presented on differences in clearance rates for the individual algal species as well as size-related differences of algal clones, and uptake of chlorophyll vs. non-chlorophyll cells, both within and between scallop species. Significant differences in clearance rates of individual algal species have been found within and between scallop species. Particle selection does not appear to be based upon size alone and is apparently based on other characteristics of the algae as well. The results demonstrate pre-ingestive sorting.  相似文献   

Yields of cultured Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas Thunberg improved after one generation of selection     

Chris Langdon  Ford Evans  Dave Jacobson  Michael Blouin 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2003,220(1-4):227-244

Parental families (G₀) in three lines of Pacific oysters were selected based on live weight and meat yields at harvest. The average live weight yield of progeny (G₁) from crossing G₀-selected lines in seven trials was 9.5% greater than that of nonselected control families and live weight yields were significantly greater (ANOVA, P<0.001) in four out of seven trials. The response to selection was greater if G₁ families were tested at the same site as their parents' selection site rather than at a different site, although this effect was only significant for G₁ families of cohort 5 (P<0.01) but not cohort 7 (P>0.05). A significant genotype×environment interaction affected yields in both cohort 5 and cohort 7 (ANOVA; P<0.001). In addition, correlation between the yields of the same families planted at both intertidal and subtidal sites was positive but weak (cohort 5, r=0.30; cohort 7, r=0.35), indicating that selection for high yield in one environment would likely result in a low correlated response in a different environment. Nonetheless, it was possible to identify six families in cohort 5 and four families in cohort 7 that were among the top 10 families at both sites. Further evaluation of families across a wider range of environments is needed to determine if it is possible to substantially improve yields by selecting “generalist” families that perform well along the whole Pacific coast, or whether it will be necessary to select lines that are suited to particular sites.  相似文献   

江苏省杂交棉花品种性状研究及育种思路   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

蔡立旺  高进  施庆华  王为  陈建平 《农学学报》2014,4(10):9-14

研究2001-2013年江苏省农作物品种审定委员会审定通过的杂交棉花品种的性状表现,为杂交棉育种提供参考.根据区域试验数据,采用Excel等统计方法分析杂交棉花品种的亲本来源、产量表现、纤维品质及抗性等性状.结果表明：杂交棉品种亲本多为苏审常规棉与‘GK19’;不同阶段育成品种产量稳步提高,但增产幅度有降低趋势;单株铃数有渐近增加的趋势;30个白色杂交棉品种中,衣分均高于39.5％,铃重5.9 g以上的品种占60％;纤维品质达Ⅲ型以上品种占93.5％;近50％品种对枯、黄萎病的抗性达耐病级别;抗虫性有待提高.近期杂交棉育种以改进纤维品质与抗性为主,稳步提高产量;思路上注重种质资源创新,充分利用生物技术,研究“三系”杂交棉;重点开展病虫抗性和品质研究.  相似文献   

引进荷兰菇房条件下双孢蘑菇品种筛选初报     

魏金康  邓德江  赵龙  沙飞 《中国食用菌》2014,(1):14-16

本试验在引进荷兰标准化菇房生产条件下,对6个双孢蘑菇品种A15、258、W192、20、2796（福建）、2796（河南）,以菌丝生长速度、单个子实体大小、菌盖直径以及单位面积产量等为指标,筛选出2个表现优良的菌种A15和258。A15菌丝生长速度较快,出菇较其他品种提早2d,但菇体偏小,菌柄较长。258平均单产可迭19．45kg·m^-2,菌盖直径、菌柄、成熟子实体大小商品性状表现优良。适合目前栽培模式。  相似文献   

不同粳稻品种(系)机插稻生态适应性生产力试验报告     

宋宏梅  闵思桂  王志浩  张熙  王企銮  高汝霞 《北方水稻》2014,44(5):11-14

选择参加2012年与2013年江苏省生产试验的粳稻品系,进行机插稻生态适应性生产力试验,分析不同品种生长特性、综合性状等,结果表明:南粳9108、武运粳24、淮稻14号、盐丰2号产量及综合性状优良,较适合高邮地区种植。  相似文献