苜蓿原生质培养及体细胞杂交技术的应用   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

马晖玲  卢欣石  曹致中 《草业科学》2007,24(8):64-68

阐述了植物原生质体培养和体细胞杂交技术以及苜蓿Medicago spp.体细胞胚胎发生特性,综述了该技术在苜蓿育种研究中的应用状况,同时介绍了我国苜蓿研究领域原生质体培养和体细胞杂交技术的研究进展.  相似文献   

Natural hybridization between wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and its wild relatives Aegilops geniculata Roth and Aegilops triuncialis L.     

Iñigo Loureiro  María Concepción Escorial  María Cristina Chueca 《Pest management science》2023,79(6):2247-2254

BACKGROUND

Cultivated bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) spontaneously hybridizes with wild/weedy related Aegilops populations, but little is known about the actual rates at which this hybridization occurs under field conditions. It is very important to provide reliable empirical data on this phenomenon in order to assess the potential crop–wild introgression, especially in the context of conducting risk assessments for the commercialization of genetically modified (GM) wheat, as gene flow from wheat to Aegilops species could transfer into the wild species genes coding for traits such as resistance to herbicides, insects, diseases or environmental stresses.

RESULTS

The spontaneous hybridization rates between wheat and A. geniculata and A. triuncialis, which are very abundant in the Mediterranean area, have been estimated for the first time in the northern part of the Meseta Central, the great central plateau which includes the largest area of wheat cultivation in Spain. Hybridization rates averaged 0.12% and 0.008% for A. geniculata and A. triuncialis, respectively. Hybrids were found in 26% of A. geniculata and 5% of A. triuncialis populations, at rates that can be ≤3.6% for A. geniculata and 0.24% for A. triuncialis.

CONCLUSION

The detection of Aegilops spp.–wheat hybrids in Aegilops populations indicates that gene flow can occur, although wheat is considered a crop with a low-to-medium risk for transgene escape. These data on field hybridization rates are essential for GM wheat risk assessment purposes. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.  相似文献   

Field evaluation of glutathione and glutamic acid as host marking pheromones for control of Tephritid fruit flies in a mango orchard in Kenya     

Xavier Cheseto  Hillary Kirwa  Samira Abuelgasim Mohamed  Sunday Ekesi  John J Beck  Baldwyn Torto 《Pest management science》2023,79(4):1585-1592

  相似文献   

Blueberries infected with the fungal pathogen Colletotrichum fioriniae release odors that repel Drosophila suzukii     

Caitlin C Rering  Amanda Quadrel  Pablo Urbaneja-Bernat  John J Beck  Yahel Ben-Zvi  Fatemeh Khodadadi  Srđan G Aćimović  Cesar Rodriguez-Saona 《Pest management science》2023,79(12):4906-4920

  相似文献   

Evaluation of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D,C-reactive protein,and haptoglobin as biomarkers in dogs newly diagnosed with histoplasmosis     

Betsy Hernandez  Jared A. Jaffey  Leah A. Cohn  Robert C. Backus  Kate KuKanich  Andrew S. Hanzlicek  Valerie J. Parker  Mary E. White  Randy Ringold  Emily Westerback  Leah Freilich  Charlotte Bolch 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2023,37(2):476-483

  相似文献   

From shallow to deep waters: habitats used by larval lampreys (genus Petromyzon and Lampetra) over a western European basin     

Catherine Taverny  Isabelle Ortusi  Charles Roqueplo  Mario Lepage  Patrick Lambert 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2012,21(1):87-99

Abstract –  Habitat requirements of lamprey ammocoetes (Petromyzon marinus and Lampetra genus) were investigated, for the first time, from shallow to deep waters, at different spatial scales across the Gironde‐Dordogne continuum, thanks to a water suction dredge. Fish‐habitat relationships were assessed through two complementary statistical analyses: habitat‐use curves and habitat suitability models using the Boosted Regression Trees (BRT) technique. Analyses were performed on a small‐size data set that was characterised by the low prevalence of lamprey. The sea lamprey larvae occurred in deeper areas than their Lampetra genus counterparts. ‘Pools’ of 2 m’ depth and more were optimal habitats for the former species. Among the environmental variables retained to model lamprey occurrences, the mesohabitat (a categorical variable) was demonstrated to be highly influential, in terms of fine grain‐size substratum and vegetation cover. These preliminary results suggest that monitoring using the water suction dredge method may contribute to sea lamprey conservation.  相似文献   

Screening of field performance of entomopathogenic fungi and nematodes against cabbage root flies (Delia radicum l. and d. floralis (fall.); Diptera,Anthomyiidae)     

Irene Vänninen  Heikki Hokkanen  Johanna Tyni‐Juslin 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(3):167-183

Finnish isolates of Beauveria bassiana (8 isolates), Metarhizium anisopliae (7), Tolypocladium sp. (2), Paecilomyces farinosus (2), P. fumosoroseus (1), Steinernema feltiae (3) and Bacillus thuringiensis ('Muscabac') were tested for efficacy against mixed populations of Delia radicum and D. floralis under field conditions in 1986–90. All pathogens were applied preventatively, the fungi as aqueous conidial or mycelial suspensions, dry conidia or dry mycelial powder. In only two of the nine experiments did B. bassiana or M. anisopliae give some control. In 1986, B. bassiana SF85–2 and Tolypocladium sp. SF85–4 (both at rate 1.2 x 10⁹ conidia plant‐ 1), and ‘Muscabac’ (25 g 1^?1, 1 dl plant^?1) reduced the number of pupae by 80%, 60% and 50%, respectively, as compared with untreated and chemical (isophenphos) controls. In 1990, M. anisopliae SF86–39 at rate 1.6 x 10⁹conidia plant^?1 and 1.5 x 10⁸ CFU plant^?1 and S. feltiae SFS‐22 (35000 plant^?1), increased the yield of cauliflower 2.2, 1.8, and 2.3‐fold, respectively, as compared with the untreated control, but these yields were only 19%, 15% and 19% of those of the chemical (diazinon) control. Paecilomyces isolates were ineffective in the 1986 experiment in which they were included. Our results suggest that it is difficult to find efficient control agents among the fungal and nematode species tested for use as biopesticides against cabbage root flies, but that the potential of M. anisopliae against these pests deserves further study.  相似文献   

23个欧美杨无性系苗期叶锈病抗性测定   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

潘姝慧  孙佳音  刘春华  吕晓亮  滕文飞 《辽宁林业科技》2010,(1):5-7,46

以引进23个欧美杨无性系为研究对象,通过对苗木叶锈病感病指数的调查,借助SPSS统计软件对调查数据进行统计分析,结果表明:对叶锈病的抗性表现超过对照品种I108的有19个,其中02-36-1、02-36-4、N177、N197和N195这5个无性系对叶锈病完全免疫;无性系02-34-334对叶锈病表现为高度抗病;02-01-119、324、03-04-111、03-04-97和02-34-278表现为抗病;03-04-141、03-04-170、02-34-347和03-05-184表现为感病;02-01-219、03-04-167、03-04-288和02-34-228表现为高感;对叶锈病的抗性表现不及对照品种I108的有3个,即03-05-206、03-04-171和03-05-156,均表现为高感。  相似文献   

Morphological Basis of Resistance in Cotton to the WhiteflyBemisia Tabaci     

N. S. Butter  B. K. Vir 《Phytoparasitica》1989,17(4):251-261

The morphological basis of resistance to the whiteflyBemisia tabaci Genn. (Aleyrodidae: Hemiptera) was studied. The plant characters examined were leaf area, thickness of leaf lamina, hair density, hair length, angle of insertion of leaf hair, and density of gossypol glands. Hair density and leaf thickness were positively correlated with the population ofB. tabaci, and a positive correlation was obtained between the adult whitefly population and gossypol glands on stem internodes. Cotton genotype USA-22 (sparsely hairy) was found to be more tolerant toB. tabaci than was genotype USA-13 (velvety hairy). The use of thinner and glabrous leaved cotton varieties is suggested to minimize the whitefly menace in cotton.  相似文献   

增效浏阳霉素防治叶螨的效果和对智利植绥螨影响的研究     

董慧芳 《中国生物防治》1990,(3)

在实验室内用5％增效浏阳霉素乳油1000倍液防治截形叶螨,24小时后的死亡率为95.5％。对三氯杀螨醇有较强抗性的二斑叶螨和朱砂叶螨,48小时后的死亡率也达90％左右。浏阳霉素对3种叶螨均无杀卵作用,但施药5～6天后,对初孵幼螨仍能杀死90％以上。低温能降低浏阳霉素的药效。在温室中施药一周后。对二斑叶螨的雌成螨无残效,但幼螨和前若螨的死亡率可达97.4％。以磷酸兰苯酯作增效剂的浏阳霉素比亚磷酸三苯酯作增效剂的药效好。在同一剂量下,对二斑叶螨的死亡率分别为98.2％和53.4％。5％浏阳霉素的1000倍液对智利植绥螨成螨的生存率、在叶上的定居率及着卵量均无影响。在温室栽培月季上喷药1次防治二斑叶螨,36天后防治效果仍保持在99％,而用三氯杀螨醇和敌敌畏防治,施药一周后需再次防治。  相似文献