UCP1基因变异与绵羊生长及胴体性状的关联分析     

安清明  周辉通  王星  吴震洋  罗玉柱  Jon G. Hickford 《中国畜牧兽医》2019,46(11):3289-3298

试验旨在探讨解耦联蛋白1（UCP1）基因核苷酸变异对绵羊生长性状的性别差异和胴体性状的影响，以期能够筛选出可以提升绵羊生长及胴体性状的核苷酸变异，为提高绵羊相关重要经济性状的分子遗传标记提供材料。以9个绵羊品种为研究对象，用PCR-SSCP方法检测不同性别绵羊中UCP1基因内含子5区和外显子6区变异。利用Minitab 16.0软件中一般线性模型分析内含子5区等位基因与不同性别绵羊生长性状、公羔胴体性状的关联性。结果显示，绵羊UCP1基因内含子5区和外显子6区共检测到8个核苷酸变异，其中位点c.910 G/A突变导致p.Ala304Thr氨基酸变异。生长性状关联分析结果表明，内含子5区等位基因对绵羊生长性状的影响存在性别特异性，母羔中携带等位基因A₁的群体较缺失群体具有较低的初生重（P<0.05），公羔中携带等位基因C₁的群体较缺失群体具有较高的断尾重（P<0.05），未发现其他等位基因与羔羊的生长性状存在性别特异性。胴体性状关联分析结果表明，携带等位基因A₁的群体具有较低后腿瘦肉量、腰部瘦肉量和较高的肩部瘦肉比例（P<0.05），携带等位基因C₁的群体具有较低的后腿瘦肉比例（P<0.05），其他胴体性状均没有发现与等位基因存在显著相关，基因型分析结果与等位基因分析结果一致。结果提示，UCP1基因对绵羊的生长性状影响具有性别特异性，且携带等位基因A₁的公羔群体具有较低的胴体生产性状，为提高公羔胴体生产性能提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

枸骨的药用功效与保健作用     

彭国全  杨冬梅 《江西农业学报》2011,23(6):79-82,85

该文系统地综述了枸骨的化学成分和药用价值,并讨论了枸骨资源今后的开发与利用前景。  相似文献   

庐江地区不同栽培方式对油菜产量及经济效益影响     

杭宇航 《现代农业科技》2023,(21)

探索庐江地区不同栽培方式对油菜产量与经济效益的影响，在相同茬口条件下，以陕油28为试验材料，研究人工育苗移栽、机条播和无人机飞播等三种栽培方式对油菜生育特性、产量构成及经济效益等影响。结果表明，人工移栽产量最高，机条播经济效益最好，亦是目前农户主要栽培方式。作为规模生产主体，由于劳动力等因素，选择机条播为最佳。  相似文献   

胶冻样类芽孢杆菌对不同施肥处理的马铃薯产量和品质的影响     

杨永青  高芳芳  马亚君  何江  米阳阳  荣文俊  张杰 《中国瓜菜》2020,(5):32-38

以‘克新1号’马铃薯为试验材料,试验设置低、中、高3个施肥量处理,在复合肥和有机肥的基础上,每个处理中固体胶冻样类芽孢杆菌微生物菌剂设置4个不同的梯度处理,在马铃薯块茎膨大期冲施定量的液体胶冻样类芽孢杆菌微生物菌剂,探究增施胶冻样类芽孢杆菌微生物菌剂对马铃薯生长指标、产量、品质及经济效益等的影响,旨在找出适合蒲县当地的科学施肥方法,为其马铃薯的高产优质生产提供理论和生产实践依据。结果表明,适量增施微生物菌剂有利于提高马铃薯产量、品质和经济效益等指标,但高浓度的微生物菌剂却抑制马铃薯的生长,在本试验中以低肥量处理下的T2组效果最佳,其株高、出苗率、维生素C含量、产量及净利润比常规施肥组分别提高了6.83%、5.31%、92.11%、27.0%和16.94%,还原糖含量降低了18.42%,是高产优质马铃薯的科学施肥配方及标准化生产技术方案。  相似文献   

覆膜滴灌玉米产量和农艺性状相关性分析     

崔艳超  胡文冉  朱改芝  屈喜军 《中国农业科技导报》2017,19(9):103-108

为明确在覆膜滴灌条件下玉米品系(种)主要农艺性状与产量的关系,应用DPS软件对15个玉米杂交品系(种)的主要农艺性状和产量性状进行相关性、灰色关联度等分析,结果表明:籽粒重、穗重、产量的变异系数较大;玉米产量与生育期、籽粒水分含量、穗重、籽粒重呈显著正相关关系;聚类分析可将参试的15个品系(种)划分为3类,第Ⅲ类表现良好,值得进行推广种植。灰色关联度分析表明,玉米籽粒重、穗重、生育期、籽粒水分含量等性状是影响玉米产量的主导因素,在玉米高产育种中,应以其为主攻目标,提高玉米后代的有效选择,加速高产育种进程。  相似文献   

Geostatistical interpolation and aggregation of crop growth model outputs     

《European Journal of Agronomy》2016

Many crop growth models require daily meteorological data. Consequently, model simulations can be obtained only at a limited number of locations, i.e. at weather stations with long-term records of daily data. To estimate the potential crop production at country level, we present in this study a geostatistical approach for spatial interpolation and aggregation of crop growth model outputs. As case study, we interpolated, simulated and aggregated crop growth model outputs of sorghum and millet in West-Africa. We used crop growth model outputs to calibrate a linear regression model using environmental covariates as predictors. The spatial regression residuals were investigated for spatial correlation. The linear regression model and the spatial correlation of residuals together were used to predict theoretical crop yield at all locations using kriging with external drift. A spatial standard deviation comes along with this prediction, indicating the uncertainty of the prediction. In combination with land use data and country borders, we summed the crop yield predictions to determine an area total. With spatial stochastic simulation, we estimated the uncertainty of that total production potential as well as the spatial cumulative distribution function. We compared our results with the prevailing agro-ecological Climate Zones approach used for spatial aggregation. Linear regression could explain up to 70% of the spatial variation of the yield. In three out of four cases the regression residuals showed spatial correlation. The potential crop production per country according to the Climate Zones approach was in all countries and cases except one within the 95% prediction interval as obtained after yield aggregation. We concluded that the geostatistical approach can estimate a country’s crop production, including a quantification of uncertainty. In addition, we stress the importance of the use of geostatistics to create tools for crop modelling scientists to explore relationships between yields and spatial environmental variables and to assist policy makers with tangible results on yield gaps at multiple levels of spatial aggregation.  相似文献   

降香黄檀不同家系的生长性状测定与初步选择     

陈英强 《福建林业科技》2015,(2):84-89

在福建省华安县西陂国有林场,对降香黄檀53个家系6年生试验林的生长指标进行综合分析。结果表明:表现最为优良的前3个家系是BS29、BS28、DF35,其次为家系ZQ5、ZQ6、ZQ7、LZ8、BWL84、BWL90、FJ117,均在生长量上表现良好;表现最差的家系是FJ121、FJ120、LD43,其次为家系WC11、BS31、LD42、WZS55、WZS58、GZ106、HK15,均在生长量上表现差。初步筛选出适合于闽南沿海地区种植的10个优良家系:BS29、BS28、DF35、ZQ5、ZQ6、ZQ7、LZ8、BWL84、BWL90、FJ117。  相似文献   

不同规格穴盘育苗对茄苗及其栽培效益的影响     

周洪  朱鹏飞  徐佳 《蔬菜》2017,(10):11-13

为完善茄子穴盘育苗技术,对比研究了不同规格穴盘育苗的茄苗素质及栽培效益。结果表明:32孔规格穴盘育苗比50孔茄苗素质明显提升;移栽单栋钢架大棚后,32孔穴盘育苗的茄子早熟性比50孔穴盘育苗平均提前5 d,总产量增加15.3%;667 m~2投入成本32孔穴盘育苗比50孔穴盘育苗增加75.3%(35.6元),而收益增加了2 427.9元。因此建议大棚茄子种植采用32孔规格穴盘进行育苗。  相似文献   

Improving cereal yield forecasts in Europe – The impact of weather extremes     

《European Journal of Agronomy》2017

The impact of extreme events (such as prolonged droughts, heat waves, cold shocks and frost) is poorly represented by most of the existing yield forecasting systems. Two new model-based approaches that account for the impact of extreme weather events on crop production are presented as a way to improve yield forecasts, both based on the Crop Growth Monitoring System (CGMS) of the European Commission. A first approach includes simple relations – consistent with the degree of complexity of the most generic crop simulators – to explicitly model the impact of these events on leaf development and yield formation. A second approach is a hybrid system which adds selected agro-climatic indicators (accounting for drought and cold/heat stress) to the previous one. The new proposed methods, together with the CGMS-standard approach and a system exclusively based on selected agro-climatic indicators, were evaluated in a comparative fashion for their forecasting reliability. The four systems were assessed for the main micro- and macro-thermal cereal crops grown in highly productive European countries. The workflow included the statistical post-processing of model outputs aggregated at national level with historical series (1995–2013) of official yields, followed by a cross-validation for forecasting events triggered at flowering, maturity and at an intermediate stage. With the system based on agro-climatic indicators, satisfactory performances were limited to microthermal crops grown in Mediterranean environments (i.e. crop production systems mainly driven by rainfall distribution). Compared to CGMS-standard system, the newly proposed approaches increased the forecasting reliability in 94% of the combinations crop × country × forecasting moment. In particular, the explicit simulation of the impact of extreme events explained a large part of the inter-annual variability (up to +44% for spring barley in Poland), while the addition of agro-climatic indicators to the workflow mostly added accuracy to an already satisfactory forecasting system.  相似文献   

Comparison of phenolic profiles and antioxidant activities in skins and pulps of eleven grape cultivars(Vitis vinifera L.)     

Fu-xiang LI  Fu-hua LI  Ya-xuan YANG  Ran YIN  Jian MING 《农业科学学报》2019,18(5):1148-1158

Eleven grape cultivars were analysed to explore the variety differences of fresh grape phenolic profiles. The results showed that free phenolics were predominant in grape skins and pulps, and showed the higher antioxidant activities than bound. In 11 cultivars, Muscat Kyoho extracts had the highest total phenolic content in skins(10.525 mg GAE g~(–1) FW) and pulps(1.134 mg GAE g~(–1) FW), and exhibited the highest DPPH radical scavening capacity(EC_(50)=11.7 μg mL~(–1)) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity(ORAC) value(190.57 μmol TE g~(–1) FW) of free phenolic in skin. In addition, the most abundant phenolics in grape skins were found to be flavonoids such as kaempferol in Kyoho skin(541.2 μg g~(–1) FW), rutin, catechin and epicatechin in Muscat Kyoho skin(262.3, 86.3 and 70.0 μg g~(–1) FW, respectively). Furthermore, the principal component analysis showed a strong difference of phenolic profiles with the cultivars, existing forms and distributions. Pearson correlation coefficient analysis showed a significant linear correlation between total phenolic content and antioxidant activity(P0.05). Therefore, both skins and pulps were rich sources of bioactive phenolic compounds, and Muscat Kyoho was the ideal source among all samples.  相似文献