Pacific sand lance of the Port Moller estuary, southeastern Bering Sea: an estuarine^dependent early life history     

MICHAEL D. McGURK  H. DAVID WARBURTON 《Fisheries Oceanography》1992,1(4):306-320

Three waves of spawning Pacific sand lance (Ammo-dytes hexapterus) entered the Port Moller estuary from mid-January to late May 1990. Each wave laid its eggs on sand in lower Moller Bay with the center of egg distribution about 14 km inside the estuary. After incubation for 45 to 94 d, each cohort of eggs hatched out over a 41- to 63-d period. Larvae moved at a rate of 0.21 knvd“¹ toward a deep fjordlike basin at the head of Herendeen Bay inside the estuary about 20 km southwest of the center of hatch. The basin has the lowest flushing rate of the estuary, and unlike the rest of Port Moller, it is vertically stratified, which allows the development of a spring-summer zooplankton community with greater biomass than any other location in the estuary. Larvae may have moved to the basin to enhance growth or to avoid offshore transport to areas of low food abundance, but we cannot demonstrate a direct link between growth and habitat. We conclude that the Port Moller sand lance stock has an estuarine early life history that evolved in response to the unique physical conditions of the Port Moller estuary–a shallow, well-mixed site with sandy substrate that is suitable for incubation of demersal eggs next to a deep, vertically stratified fjord with a rich zooplankton community that is suitable for rearing of larvae.  相似文献   

Short-term movements of wild and reared Atlantic salmon smolts in a brackish water estuary – preliminary study     

P. HYVÄRINEN  P. SUURONEN  T. LAAKSONEN 《Fisheries Management and Ecology》2006,13(6):399-401

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唐山市丰南区沙河口土壤环境质量评价     

朱琴  马旺  左丽明  张晓  赵越 《安徽农业科学》2014,(7):1988-1989

为了研究唐山市丰南区沙河口土壤环境质量现状,2013年5月开展野外调查和取样分析的工作。采集了土壤和沉积物样37个,主要测试指标包括挥发酚类、氰化物、铬、镍、铜、锌、镉、铅、砷、汞。通过对样品测试数据的分析,发现沙河入海口的大部分土壤质质量为清洁或尚清洁。此外,通过对土壤中各测试指标进行相关性分析,可知重金属铬、镍、铜、锌、镉、铅、砷呈0.01水平显著相关,说明研究区的土壤和沉积物的来源相同。该研究将为进一步开展沙河入海口的生态地质研究工作提供基础参考。  相似文献   

Fish species redundancy in estuaries: A major conservation concern in temperate estuaries under global change pressures     

Alan K. Whitfield  Trevor D. Harrison 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2021,31(4):979-983

1. Fish assemblages in estuaries have a much lower species richness (number of taxa) when compared with the combined numbers of freshwater and marine species from adjacent aquatic ecosystems. This is primarily because of the relatively harsh and fluctuating physico-chemical conditions in estuaries compared with the more stable freshwater and marine environments.
2. A comprehensive fish survey of estuaries in South Africa is used as a basis to determine fish species richness in subtropical, warm temperate, and cool temperate systems along the coast, and to assess the degree of redundancy in the different biogeographic regions.
3. In general, only one or two species belonging to each of the detritivorous, piscivorous, zoobenthivorous, and zooplanktivorous fish guilds are numerically well represented in the larger cool temperate estuaries, but between four and 10 species in each of these guilds are usually recorded in the larger subtropical estuaries.
4. Although the overall low redundancy of fish species groups in estuaries has already been formally recognized in the literature, this short note highlights the sensitivity of certain trophic guilds in temperate South African estuaries to any form of redundancy, a characteristic that may be equally applicable, based on declining species richness with increasing latitude, to temperate estuaries in other parts of the world.

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Monitoring Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin occurrences in a highly urbanized estuary for informing conservation and management     

Liang Fang  Wenzhi Lin  Lang Guo  Huayang Cai  Matthew K. Pine  Yuping Wu 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2021,31(3):685-695

1. The estuaries within the Pearl River Delta are sites for large-scale urban development and offshore construction. These projects have conservation stakeholders calling for more protection for the Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins whose habitat overlaps with current and proposed construction sites.
2. Efforts to improve impact assessments are hindered by the lack of baseline data and comprehensive understanding of how often the dolphins are present in areas near or within locations targeted for further development. The Modaomen Estuary within the Pearl River Delta is a good example of this, with little consideration for the dolphins as no data on their diurnal and seasonal occurrences within the estuary exist.
3. A passive acoustic monitoring system was deployed over a calendar year from October 2016 to September 2017 to monitor the presence of humpback dolphins in the Modaomen Estuary.
4. Results indicated that the estuary is an important area for humpback dolphins, with regular diel rhythms and seasonality in detection rates. For example, higher detections were seen during the wet season than during the dry season. However, there was no significant difference in detection rates between the flood and ebb tides, or between high and low tidal phases.
5. Since the Modaomen Estuary is targeted for further development in the near future, these data provide the rationale for resource management and consent processes to consider potential impacts on the dolphins, as well as to aid marine spatial planning and conservation measures.

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Comparative feeding, growth and movements of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) parr from riverine and estuarine environments     

R. A. Cunjak 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》1992,1(1):26-34

Abstract– The diet composition, movcments and growth of Atlantic salmon parr rearing in the estuary of Western Arm Brook, Newfoundland were compared with those of parr from riverine habitats over 2 years. Estuarine parr consumed a variety of prey, including many freshwater taxa (mainly insects), which indicated a dependence on freshwater drift from the river. Prey of estuarine origin (amphipods and sticklebacks) were increasingly consumed between spring and autumn. Prey volume per fish and number of prey per fish increased significantly for estuarine parr between spring and autumn, suggesting an improvement in food availability. Riverine parr, however, realized a general decrease in both parameters between spring and autumn. The recapture of 16% ( n = 131) of the 829 parr marked in the estuary in 1987 and 1988 indicated a directed movement toward the head of the estuary and river mouth, as also suggested by the diet analysis. Parr from outer estuary sites were very mobile compared with parr from the estuary site closest to the river mouth, which behaved more like parr in the river proper in displaying strong site fidelity. Movement patterns of parr were primarily along the shoreline. Individual growth rates were highly variable in both environments but especially in the estuary. The mean growth of estuarine parr was 0.23 mm. d⁻¹ between May and October with some evidence of fastest growth having occurred in late spring and early summer (approx. 0.4 mm. d⁻¹); mean growth rate of riverine parr was slower, at 0.12 mm. d⁻¹. The results are discussed in the context that estuarine rearing by salmon parr represents an alternative life-history tactic for the species in river systems in eastern Canada.  相似文献   

Differential HSP90α expression in fish hepatocytes from polluted estuary during summer   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Ekambaram Padmini  Munuswamy Usha Rani  Bose Vijaya Geetha 《Fisheries Science》2008,74(5):1118-1126

The molecular chaperone, heat shock protein 90α (HSP90α), plays an important role in protein folding, degradation of denatured proteins and steroid activation. It is essential for the maintenance of cellular integrity and survival when induced in response to environmental, physical and chemical stresses. In the present investigation the effect of environmental stress on HSP90α expression was examined in grey mullet Mugil cephalus living in either a contaminated (Ennore) or uncontaminated (Kovalam) estuary over two seasons: Hepatocytes were isolated from grey mullet of both estuaries. Oxidative stress was determined along with HSP90α in these fish. Additionally, immunohistochemical changes were studied to confirm the HSP90α expression. Comparison of the results revealed enhanced hepatocyte oxidative stress and HSP90α expressions in fish from Ennore to a significant extent than fish from Kovalam. Also, the results showed significant seasonal variations with maximum expression observed during summer compared to the monsoon season. Overexpression of HSP90α in hepatocytes exposed to chronic environmental stress by pollutants may confer differential effects on cell survival by protecting against oxidative stress induced changes. The results also indicate that seasonal variations have significant effect on the HSP90α expression.  相似文献   

辽河三角洲湿地景观演变研究——以盘锦市为例     

黄桂林  何平 《林业资源管理》2011,(3)

利用多时期的遥感数据和基于地理信息信息系统的景观格局研究方法,分析了辽河三角洲近30a来的景观演变规律。通过对比分析研究区4个时期的景观格局图(1976年、1989年、1998年、2004年),并计算主要景观类型的面积、斑块数、景观指数以及不同年代间的景观类型转移矩阵。结果表明:研究区近30a来景观类型并没有发生变化,景观格局的变化主要体现在主要景观类型的空间转化上,而且转化的速度和程度较大,其主要原因是人类活动和干扰,尤其是农业开发、油田开发以及城市化发展。  相似文献   

Sedimentary characterization of Tagus estuarine beaches (Portugal)     

Paula Freire  Rui Taborda  Ana M. Silva 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2007,7(5):296-302

Background, Aim and Scope  The distribution of sediments in estuarine beaches is controlled by the interactions between sediment supply, hydrodynamic processes and human intervention. The main purpose of this study is to characterize the sediments of Tagus estuarine beaches in order to understand their origin and to contribute to a better knowledge of the Tagus estuary sediment budget. Methods  Surface sediment samples were collected across beach profiles and sand grain size analysis was performed by dry sieving. Grain size statistics for the median (d₅₀) and standard deviation (SDM) were obtained using the Moment method. This study was complemented by a qualitative evaluation of the sediment composition. Cross-shore topographic surveys were conducted for selected sampling sites. Results  Tagus estuarine beach sediments are mainly composed of quartz sand particles which are fine-grained and well sorted near the mouth of the estuary and medium to coarse-grained and moderately sorted in the inner domain. Compositional results show evidence of active anthropogenic sediment sources, especially in the coarser fractions. Discussion  The analysis of the textural and compositional characteristics of beach sediments in the inner estuarine domain is compatible with local sedimentary sources, while a marine signature is present at the mouth and inlet channel sediments. In the inner domain, differences in the sedimentary processes are represented by the textural characteristics of the sediments, such as the sorting degree and the gravel content. Sediment characteristics also reflect human intervention in the system, with the introduction of anthropogenic and allochthonous particles and the mixture of sediments from different sources. Conclusions  The sediments of the inner Tagus estuarine beaches are derived from local Plio-Pleistocene outcrops while inlet and outer estuary beaches reveal a dominant marine source. Beach textural variability observed in the inner domain is not related to wave forcing gradients, but mainly to variations in the sedimentary processes along the estuarine margins and to human intervention. Results show that the Tagus estuarine beaches depended, almost exclusively, on sediment input from local sources until the last century. With increasing human occupation, sediment transfers became dominated by anthropogenically related activities mainly connected with the occupation of estuarine margins and dredging. Recommendations and Perspectives  Further studies should extend the present level of knowledge in what concerns sand transport patterns through additional compositional and geochemical analysis, and the development of new techniques in order to allow the quantitative evaluation of the impact of human activities on the sediment budget.  相似文献   

长江口浮游植物群落的聚类分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

张锦平  夏静 《上海水产大学学报》2006,15(4):456-460

根据2003年8月长江口深水航道水生态调查20个站点所采集的浮游植物样品，对长江口丰水期浮游植物种类组成及群落结构进行了聚类分析。调查区浮游植物种类共检出50种，主要分属3种生态类型。聚类分析将20个站点聚合为3类（类群Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ），类群Ⅰ主要位于长兴岛以西水域，为淡水性群落类型；类群Ⅱ和Ⅲ则位于长兴岛以东水域，分别为河口近岸低盐性群落类型和外海高盐性群落类型。上述3个类群中，以河口近岸低盐性群落类型种类最多。结合三个类群的环境指标来看，盐度、悬浮物浓度、浊度在三个类群中差异很大。  相似文献