马尾松人工林生物量及生产力变化规律研究Ⅱ.不同林龄生物量及生产力   总被引：19，自引：1，他引：19       下载免费PDF全文

丁贵杰  王鹏程 《林业科学研究》2002,15(1):47-53

采用以空间代时间的径级标准木收获法,研究了从幼林到成熟林的5种不同林龄的林分生物量.结果表明:树木干物质是按一定比例分配到各器官,其比例与径阶大小无关,而与发育阶段有关.林分平均木及林分各器官生物量均随林龄增加而增加,平均木在18 22a生物量年增加速率最大,而林分是在12 18年生.树干生物量所占百分比(占48%以上)随林龄增加而增加,而枝、叶、皮刚好相反,18年生以前,根所占百分比随林龄增加而下降,此后趋于稳定.各器官所占百分比由大到小依次为:干、枝、根、皮、叶.8、12、18、22、30年生的林分乔木层生物量分别为:33.94、89.94、204.51、223.71、234.14t.hm-2,净生产力为:6.24、11.14、15.63、14.07、11.93t.hm-2.a-1.中龄前,生物量按径阶分布的规律与株数按径阶分配规律相似,多呈左偏态,此后呈右偏态,峰值比株数按径阶分布向右移动1 2个径阶.培育纸浆材林,在18年生前利用最佳.  相似文献   

The effect of age on the racing speed of Thoroughbred racehorses     

Toshiyuki TAKAHASHI 《Journal of Equine Science》2015,26(2):43-48

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Effects of sex and age on behavior and weight gain in beef calves after abrupt weaning          下载免费PDF全文

Christian Lambertz  Antje Farke‐Röver  Matthias Gauly 《Animal Science Journal》2015,86(3):345-350

The effects of weaning on beef calves of different ages were investigated. Forty male and 40 female calves were either weaned at 6 (W6, n = 40) or 8 (W8, n = 40) months of age. The vocalization activity and behaviors (feeding, lying and standing/walking) were observed during the first 3 days following weaning. Body weight was recorded at 6 and 8 months and 2 weeks following weaning. W6 animals vocalized more often than W8 calves and females more than males on day 1 (P < 0.05). The vocalization activity decreased at a higher rate in W8 than in W6 from days 1 to 3. On day 2, W6 calves spent less time lying and more standing/walking than W8 calves (P < 0.05). The behaviors did not differ between males and females. The average daily gain after weaning did not differ between weaning ages (P > 0.05), but W8 calves gained more from 6 to 8 months of age. In conclusion, weaning distress was more pronounced in W6 than in W8 calves. W8 calves also had a superior growth performance during 6 to 8 months of age. The effect of the calves' sex was less pronounced. Therefore, it is recommended to wean beef calves later than 6 months of age.  相似文献   

Evaluation of embryonic age and the effects of different proteases on the isolation and primary culture of chicken intestinal epithelial cells in vitro          下载免费PDF全文

Chao Yuan  Qiang He  Jun‐ming Li  Mahmoud Mostafa Azzam  Jian‐jun Lu  Xiao‐ting Zou 《Animal Science Journal》2015,86(6):588-594

The present study evaluates the effects of embryonic age and proteolytic enzymes on the isolation and primary culture of chicken enterocyte and to establish an effective technique for chicken intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) cultivation. Fourteen‐day‐old, 16‐day‐old and 18‐day‐old embryos (average weight: 52.23 ± 0.76 g, 50.86 ± 0.99 g, 48.98 ± 1.03 g) were the source for preparation of enterocyte culture, and trypsin‐ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, collagenase, thermolysin and combination of collagenase and thermolysin were used for digestion medium. Optimal culture protocols were determined by qualitative assays of proliferation. Cells isolated by using 14‐day‐old embryo and collagenase obtain the best attachment and growth in culture, and the production of continuously growing IEC cultures. Thus, we conclude that the use of collagenase as a dissociating enzyme and 14‐day‐old embryo as a source can be advantageously applied to the isolation of chicken IEC and this method may be useful for various applications and basic studies of the intestinal tract concerning such objects as physiology, immunology and toxicology.  相似文献   

黔中地区不同林龄马尾松群落细根功能性状及其异速生长关系     

聂坤  徐明  文春玉  张姣  张健 《西北林学院学报》2022,37(6):10-17

细根作为植物吸收养分和水分的主要器官,其功能性状对森林生态系统功能具有重要影响。以黔中龙里县林场的马尾松林为对象,测定3个林龄马尾松林(25、37、52 a)群落中马尾松与优势灌木的12个根功能性状,分析随林龄变化根性状的异速生长关系。结果表明,随马尾松林龄增长,马尾松细根性状指标存在显著性变化;其中马尾松根长密度和根表面积密度随林龄增长表现为52 a＞25 a＞37 a的马尾松林;马尾松根生物量密度、根体积密度和根直径随林龄增长呈显著增加趋势,而比根长、比表面积和根组织密度随着林龄增长则呈现下降的变化趋势。不同林龄马尾松林下优势灌木组成结构存在显著差异,同种灌木的根长密度、比根长和比表面积随马尾松林龄变化存在显著性差异变化。马尾松的根生物量密度、根体积密度、比根长、比表面积和根直径随林龄增长存在显著的异速生长关系,这表明马尾松细根随林龄变化对资源获取利用的策略发生着改变;马尾松倾向于以更长的细根长度而不是更大的根表面积获取资源,相较于高林龄林分,低林龄林分马尾松林的马尾松根系有更高的比根长,表现出低投资高收益的生态策略。  相似文献   

播量与秧龄对优质常规水稻黄华占机械育秧秧苗素质的影响     

马晓丽  葛茜  张万春  周子凡  史莉娜  赵芬  杨建军 《陕西农业科学》2022,(7):69-72

以优质水稻品种黄花占机械育苗为研究对象,探讨在陕西汉中4月20日左右播种育时播量与秧龄对秧苗素质的影响。结果表明：在陕西汉中地区,4月20日左右播种,黄花占机械育秧秧龄在25 d左右,每平方厘米播1.8~2.4粒稻种较为适宜,秧苗素质利于机械插秧,此时,苗高12~14 cm,茎基宽2.4~3.1 mm,成苗率在80%左右。  相似文献   

‘黑比诺’葡萄不同叶龄叶片叶绿体内淀粉积累及其相关基因表达差异分析     

尤佳玲  李有梅  孙孟豪  谢兆森 《中国农业科学》2022,55(21):4265-4278

【目的】随着叶龄的增长,葡萄叶片叶绿体内淀粉积累增加,但是调控其淀粉积累的分子机理还未见报道,本研究通过筛选参与调控淀粉积累的潜在基因,阐明葡萄不同叶龄叶片叶绿体中淀粉积累的分子机理。【方法】以2年生‘黑比诺’(Pinot Noir)葡萄为试材,观察不同叶龄叶片叶绿体内淀粉积累动态,并采用高通量测序技术进行转录组分析,筛选出与淀粉和蔗糖代谢途径相关的关键酶基因,同时采用实时荧光定量PCR技术对关键基因进行表达验证。【结果】未展开叶（NL）叶绿体内淀粉粒体积较小,积累量少,随着叶龄增长,在生长中叶（GL）和成熟叶（ML）叶绿体内,淀粉粒体积明显增大,积累量增加。转录组测序共得到58.57 GB的有效数据,KEGG富集分析表明,与NL相比,在GL和ML中差异表达的基因显著富集于淀粉与蔗糖代谢通路。分析该通路基因表达模式发现,细胞壁转化酶（cell wall invertase,CWINV）、磷酸葡萄糖变位酶（Phosphoglucomutase,PGM）、腺苷二磷酸葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶（ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase,AGPase）等基因参与蔗糖转化为淀粉合成前体腺苷二磷酸葡萄糖（adenosine diphosphate glucose,ADPG）的过程,且随叶龄增大逐渐上调表达;可溶性淀粉合成酶（soluble starch synthase,SSⅠ）、淀粉分支酶（starch branching enzyme,SBE）、α-淀粉酶（α-amylase,AMY）、β-淀粉酶（β-amylase,BAM）等基因参与淀粉合成与水解过程,同样随叶龄增大上调表达,其中AGPase、SSⅠ、SBE在半结晶结构支链淀粉合成中起重要作用。【结论】随着叶龄的增大,叶绿体中淀粉积累增加;AGPase、SSⅠ、SBE等基因可能是参与调控叶绿体内淀粉积累的关键基因。  相似文献   

镜泊湖细鳞斜颌鲴的年龄与生长   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

夏重志  姜作发  刘忠泽 《水产学报》1992,16(1):60-66

本文报道了镜泊湖细鳞斜颌鲴的年龄生长特点。以鳞片上的年轮作为年龄鉴定依据。渔获物中1~+龄和2~+龄个体占52％以上,体长以14～26厘米为主。体长与鳞长之间呈直线相关L=0.1116+47.8754R。体重与体长呈指数函数相关 W=0.014L~(3.0?7?)。3~+ 龄以前生长较快,生长指标高,体长和体重的相对增长率大,以后转入成鱼生长阶段,其生长规律适合 von Bertalaffy 方程:L_t=38.5[1-e~(-0.328(t+0.446)];W_t=893.6[1-e~(-0.328(t+0.446)]~3。体重生长曲线的拐点位于 2.93龄的 W_t=0.32W_∞处,为成熟拐点。建议捕捞 3龄以上个体,并作为养殖对象加以发展。  相似文献   

Age and growth of Gerres sp. (Perciformes: Gerreidae) in Okinawa Island of Southern Japan     

M K Kanak  Katsunori Tachihara 《Fisheries Science》2006,72(5):932-938

A total of 518 Gerres sp. were collected around Okinawa Island, Japan, from November 2002 to July 2005, with monthly sampling where the standard length of females (n=218) were 56.2–147.1 mm, and males (n=149) were 62.2–139.4 mm. The maximum ages observed for females were 5⁺ years and males were 4⁺ years, estimated by transverse sectioned sagittal otoliths. Mean marginal increment indicated that opaque rings were formed once a year during April to July. The standard length (SL; mm) — body wet weight (BW; g) relationships were described as BW=(3.26×10⁻⁵) SL^2.97 and BW=(3.13×10⁻⁵) SL ^2.98 for females and males, respectively, and the standard length at age described by von Bertalanffy growth function for females, L _t=137.1(1−e^{−0.80[t+0.80]}) and males, L _t=127.3(1−e^{−0.82[t+0.93]}).  相似文献   

Life history and ecology of the glowbelly <Emphasis Type="Italic">Acropoma japonicum</Emphasis> in the Uwa Sea,Japan     

Noboru?OkudaEmail author  Hideki?Hamaoka  Koji?Omori 《Fisheries Science》2005,71(5):1042-1048

ABSTRACT:   The life history and ecology of the glowbelly Acropoma japonicum a commercially important fishery resource, were investigated in the Uwa Sea, Japan. Newly settled juveniles (0⁺) appeared at the end of the breeding season and reached maturity in the next season, i.e. when they became yearlings (1⁺). The yearlings made a gametic effort comparable to that of older fish. During the breeding season, the somatic conditions were more deteriorated for males than for females. That the deterioration of male somatic conditions was not attributable to a sexual difference in energy gain from feeding suggests that the males incurred higher energetic costs of reproduction despite their relatively low gonadosomatic indices. Such an energy depletion may increase the mortality risk, resulting in female-biased sex ratios in the older age classes. Most of the 1⁺ fish disappeared in winter following their first breeding. For A. japonicum , the observed precocity and short life span is notable because it is a higher consumer that is generally expected to show later maturation and longer life. As possible explanations for their disappearances, predation and postbreeding emaciation were less likely. While fishing is one of the most influential factors, the possibility of age-specific migration toward deeper waters remains to be examined.  相似文献