麦饭石对紫花苜蓿生长的影响     

向述荣  易克贤  詹爱民  刘斌  王贵兰  陈哲忠  周省善 《江西农业大学学报》1991,(6)

麦饭石作基肥,可以促进紫花苜蓿生长,提高幼苗成活率,增加根瘤数,根长、根颈粗.在酸性、瘠薄的丘陵红壤上,针对本区土壤微量元素铜、锌、硼严重缺乏的情况下,施麦饭石可大大提高苜蓿产草量.  相似文献   

苜蓿品比试验研究   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

李科  亚录昆  刘萍  胡承禹  李培英  黄焱 《草业科学》2003,20(9):32-34

以新疆大叶苜蓿为对照品种进行品种比较试验，通过对苜蓿的出苗速度、生育期、产草量、抗寒性、抗病性及根茎直径与根茎入土深度等项指标调查研究结果表明，FunduleaⅠ苜蓿出苗速度高于对熙2．8％，第2，3年干草产量分别比对照增加16．4％与12．4％，成熟期比对照提前9～16d，且抗霜霉病。就抗寒性而言，FunduleaⅠ苜蓿第2年越冬率略低于对照新疆大叶苜蓿，第3年与对照品种相同，2种苜蓿干叶率相比，FunduleaⅠ苜蓿低干时熙品种新疆大叶苜蓿。  相似文献   

Detection, identification and significance of phytoplasmas in grasses in northern Australia     

K. R. Blanche‡  L. T. T. Tran-Nguyen  K. S. Gibb† 《Plant pathology》2003,52(4):505-512

Sugarcane yields have been severely reduced by white leaf and grassy shoot phytoplasma diseases in many parts of Asia. Australian sugarcane crops are not known to be affected by these diseases, but plant pathogenic phytoplasmas found in other introduced and native grasses in northern Australia could pose a serious threat to the Australian sugarcane industry. To further evaluate this threat, leaves from plants of 20 grass species, with and without symptoms, were collected during field surveys in northern Australia and tested to determine whether phytoplasmas were present and whether symptoms were reliable indicators of phytoplasma presence. Molecular tools were used to detect and characterize phytoplasmas. Four different phytoplasmas were found in seven grass species known to grow near healthy sugarcane crops. All the phytoplasmas were closely related to sugarcane white leaf phytoplasma (SCWL), one of the phytoplasmas that causes disease in sugarcane in Asia. Four of the host plant species and two of the phytoplasmas were new records. The relationship between symptoms and phytoplasma presence was poor. Because some plants with symptoms tested negative for phytoplasmas, a series of surveys was carried out in which flowers, leaves, roots and stems of two known host plant species, Whiteochloa cymbiformis and Sorghum stipoideum, were tested separately on nine occasions during two wet seasons. This was done to investigate the distribution of phytoplasmas within plants over time. Results showed that spatial and temporal variation of phytoplasmas occurred in these two host plant species. Hence, evaluation of disease distribution within a region requires repeated testing of all plant parts from plants without symptoms, as well as those with symptoms. To date, there is no report of a vector capable of transmitting to Australian sugarcane the phytoplasmas found in grasses in this study. If one is present, or occurs in the future, then native and introduced grasses could constitute a large reservoir of phytoplasma for vectors to draw on. This work provides an early warning for the sugarcane industry that the potential for infection exists.  相似文献   

Analysis of Growth and Productivity of Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea) in Relation to FYM, Nitrogen and Source of Fertilizer     

R. H. Patel  T. G. Meisheri  J. R. Patel 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1996,177(1):1-8

A field experiment was conducted during the winter seasons of 1992–93 and 1993–94 at Anand to study the effect of FYM, nitrogen and source of fertilizer on growth and yield of mustard [ Brassica juncea (L.) Czernj & Cosson]. The results showed significant variation in leaf area index (LAI), crop growth rate (CGR), dry matter production and seed yield. The direct effect of farmyard manure (FYM) was conspicuous in improving the growth of mustard. FYM application at 10 tonnes ha⁻¹ significantly increased the LAI, CGR and dry matter accumulation per plant at almost all the stages during first year study (1992–93) and in pooled analysis. Similarly, nitrogen application registered maximum LAI, CGR at 75 kg level and RGR and NAR at 50 kg level at almost all the during both years. Sulphur carrying source (Ammonium sulphate plus single super phosphate) increased all stages growth characters. Maximum dry matter accumulation per plant and seed yield were recorded with highest levels of FYM (20 tonnes ha⁻¹), N (75 kg ha⁻¹) and source having S. Seed yield was strongly associated with LAI and dry matter accumulation per plant at all the stages.  相似文献   

一次防治大豆灰斑病籽粒灰斑   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

刘学敏  李利军 《东北农业大学学报》1996,27(3):231-234

通过室内及田间大豆不同生育期接种试验证明，籽粒感染灰斑病的关键时期是Ｒ３－Ｒ５期．Ｒ２期以前侵染不造成籽粒斑驳，据此提出一次防治大豆籽粒灰斑病的关键时期为Ｒ２－Ｒ４期．  相似文献   

国外紫花苜蓿引种栽培研究     

李有希  王淑荣 《吉林林业科技》2004,33(5):9-14

引进美国、加拿大若干优良苜蓿品种，意在解决吉林省内苜蓿品种产草量偏低、种子质量差这一多年的问题，分别在吉林省长岭县、辽源市、四平市等立地条件及降水量不同的地带进行试验，选出最适宜在我省生长的WL232HQ，该品种的产量为国内主推品种的2．3倍。  相似文献   

Morphological characterization of the interaction between Diplocarpon rosae and various rose species     

O. Blechert  T. Debener † 《Plant pathology》2005,54(1):82-90

Blackspot, caused by Diplocarpon rosae , is the most severe and ubiquitous disease of garden roses, but information is lacking about genotype-specific forms of resistance and susceptibility of the host. Macro- and microscopic analyses of 34 rose genotypes with a defined monoconidial culture black spot inoculum identified susceptible and resistant rose genotypes and further genotype-specific subdivisions, indicating the presence of partial forms of resistance and different resistance mechanisms. In total, eight interaction types were characterized, five representing compatible (types 1–5) and three representing incompatible interactions (types 6–8). The incompatible interactions were characterized by the lack of any visible fungal structures beneath the cuticle (type 8), single-cell necroses (type 7) or necroses of larger cell clusters (type 6), the latter two types with penetration hyphae and haustoria in epidermal cells.  相似文献   

陆地棉功能叶不同生育时期酶活性及脂质过氧化作用的研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

王新望  王惠萍 《作物学报》1995,21(2):215-222

对不同熟性棉花品种功能叶几种酶活性及脂质过氧化水平（以丙二醛含量表示）的研究结果表明，超氧物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活性在吐絮前呈波动上升，吐絮盛期争剧下降；丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量吐絮前缓慢上升，吐絮后明显增加；过氧化氢酶（ＣＡＴ）活性在结铃以前随叶片发育而上升，结铃后急剧下降；过氧化物酶（ＰＯＤ）活性始终呈上升趋势。进一步对ＰＯＤ同工酶进行电泳发现，其酶谱构成随生育进程而变化，早熟品种在开花期酶带条数最多  相似文献   

Effect of planting density of maize on the progress and spread of northern leaf blight fromExserohilum turcicum infested residue source     

E. Adipala  J. P. Takan  M. W. Ogenga-Latigo 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1995,101(1):25-33

Effect of plant density (37,037, 44,444 and 55,555 plants/ha) on the increase of northern leaf blight in time and space on two maize cultivars planted at spacings of 90, 75 and 60 between rows and 30 cm within rows was investigated.Exserohilum turcicum infested maize residue was used as an inoculum source. Maize density did not significantly affect the disease indices, but significantly influenced the grain yield of the two cultivars. In contrast, the two cultivars differed significantly (P0.01) in disease severity, but not grain yield. Higher disease severities and grain yields were associated with higher plant densities, whereas the apparent infection rate was lower in higher plant density. Distance from the maize residue (inoculum source) significantly influenced disease severity. The percentage leaf area blighted, area under disease progress curve and disease progress curve intercept decreased with distance from the maize residue area, but the apparent infection rate on EV8429-SR appeared to increase with distance. Disease gradients (b) were higher in closely planted maize and flattened with time in one location only.  相似文献   

Pelargonium flower-break and pelargonium line pattern viruses in the Netherlands; purification,antiserum preparation,serological identification,and detection in pelargonium by ELISA     

I. Bouwen  D. Z. Maat 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1992,98(2):141-156

Two viruses, detected frequently in the Netherlands in pelargonium, were identified by serology and test plant reactions. Antisera were prepared and an ELISA procedure was developed to detect the viruses in pelargonium.One of the viruses, PFBV-N, proved to be pelargonium flower-break virus. With the antiserum to PFBV-N, it could be detected reliably throughout the year inPelargonium zonale Springtime Irene.The other virus, PLPV-N, was serologically closely related to pelargonium line pattern virus (PLPV) and to pelargonium ring pattern virus (PRPV), as were an old virus isolate from Saturnus, collected in the Netherlands in 1971 (L128), and PLPV isolates from Yugoslavia (PLPV-Y) and Denmark (PLPV-D). There were only minor differences in host-plant reactions between the virus isolates. Based on these tests, PLPV and PRPV are considered as isolates of the same virus, for which, for practical reasons, the name pelargonium line pattern virus is proposed.PLPV could be reliably detected by ELISA inP. zonale Springtime Irene and Amanda throughout the year with only a few exceptions. InPelargonium peltatum Tavira, however, reslts were erratic due to uneven distribution of virus in the plant. Best results were obtained when petioles of fully expanded leaves were tested.  相似文献