Allelopathic effects of extracts of Vicia villosa on the germination of four forage seeds     

NIU Huan-huan  WANG Sen-sen  JIA Hong-ding  CHEN Gui-hua 《草业学报》2008,29(9):161

  相似文献   

我国出口观赏鸟新城疫病毒血清抗体的监测     

陈永红李国清  梁刚陈敏健  苏遂琴张云桥 《中国动物检疫》2004,21(1):23-24

2001年月11月-2002年12月间，用血凝抑制试验(HI)对28种出口观赏鸟的600份血清进行了NDV血清抗体监测。结果：阳性抗体1：2滴度的检出率为69．8％、1：4的为15．3％、1：8(含1：8以上)的为4．8％；冬春两季的检出率比夏秋两季高。被检雀形目的10个科28种观赏鸟中全部检出不同程度的NDV血清阳性抗体，抗体滴度在1：4以上的有9个科，分别是雀科、梅花雀科、绣眼科、鸫亚科、鹎科、巫鸟科、书眉画科和百灵科，其中以梅花雀科和百灵科的检出率最高。  相似文献   

盐酸小檗碱与左氧氟沙星联合抑制MRSA及其机制研究     

操庆国  郭钦  彭凯  蔡佳惠  任成万  李昀庭 《畜牧兽医学报》2022,53(9):3208-3220

养殖场抗生素滥用造成多种耐药性细菌的产生,从奶肉类制品中分离出耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）的案例逐年增长,对养殖业食品安全造成巨大威胁。本研究筛选出与左氧氟沙星具有联合抑制MRSA效果的天然产物盐酸小檗碱（BBR）,探究BBR与其对MRSA的协同抑菌效果和联合抑菌机制。结果表明,BBR能有效抑制MRSA生长,提高MRSA对左氧氟沙星的敏感度,两者联用后,MRSA对左氧氟沙星的MIC降为之前的1/16。协同作用机制主要为上调ribA及下调mec A和msc L表达水平,破坏细胞壁、增加细胞膜的通透性,从而达到协同抑菌的目的。本研究有助于降低畜牧养殖中抗生素的使用,为提高肉奶类食品安全奠定基础。  相似文献   

乳酸菌发酵驼乳工艺优化及抑制α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶活性的研究     

买尔哈巴  艾合买提  曹英  崔卫东  陈钢粮  侯新强  薛杉  侯敏 《中国乳业》2022,(8):97-107

[目的]以实验室前期从驼乳中分离得到的乳明串珠菌、副干酪乳杆菌为对象,并通过体外实验对发酵驼乳抑制α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶活性以及抗氧化能力进行测定。[方法]以α-淀粉酶抑制率和α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制率为考察指标,在单因素试验的基础上,采用正交试验优化发酵驼乳的参数条件。测定在不同储藏时间下试验组乳明串珠菌、副干酪乳杆菌发酵驼乳、对照组乳明串珠菌、副干酪乳杆菌发酵牛乳和嗜热链球菌、保加利亚乳杆菌发酵驼乳pH值、酸度、活菌数、α-淀粉酶抑制率、α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制率、羟自由基和超氧阴离子自由基清除率的变化。[结果]驼乳发酵的最佳工艺条件为乳明串珠菌∶副干酪乳杆菌比例2∶3、接种量2%、发酵温度39 ℃,发酵时间24 h,此条件下测得对α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制率分别达到87.20%和20.85%,与未优化前相比,α-淀粉酶的抑制率提高14.10%,α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制率提高4.4%。在4 ℃储藏期间发酵驼乳α-淀粉酶抑制率在第6d时最高为90.39%,对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制率最高为36.32%,抑制率显著高于对照组。各组对羟自由基的清除率达到70%以上,最高为94.91%,超氧阴离子自由基清除率最高达到78.10%,整个测定过程中试验组的抗氧化活性均显著高于对照组。[结论]经乳酸菌发酵驼乳抑制α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶活性提高,在储藏期间抗氧化活性显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。  相似文献   

几种酚酸对毛竹种子发芽的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

郑仁红  顾小平  岳晋军  苏文会 《林业科学研究》2007,20(6):835-840

针对连续多年覆盖后雷竹林产生的衰退减产问题,从竹林覆盖物料对竹子的化感作用角度对衰退的原因进行了分析.利用外施不同浓度和种类的酚酸以及稻草、竹叶水浸液对毛竹种子进行发芽实验,以探求酚酸等化感物质对竹子生长的影响.试验结果表明,随处理液浓度的上升,几种酚酸和稻草、竹叶水浸液对毛竹种子的抑制作用增强.稻草、竹叶2种覆盖物1倍浸提母液处理后长出的种子胚根迅速失活死亡,5、10倍2种浸提母液对发芽势、胚根长度、胚根质量有促进作用.100 mg·L-1酚酸或混合酚酸液使胚根长度与对照相比减少24.49%～48.99%,胚根质量减少9.17%～38.08%;500 mg·L-1酚酸或混合酚酸液可使胚根长度减少73.48%～88.63%,胚根质量减少76.00%～90.83%.据此认为,覆盖物产生并在土壤中累积的大量酚酸可抑制竹林根系生长,并导致雷竹林经连续多年覆盖后衰退和减产.  相似文献   

Status of floor vegetation under some monoculture and mixculture plantations in North India     

Ravinder Kumar Kohli  Harminder Pal Singh  Daizy Rani 《Journal of Forest Research》1996,1(4):205-209

A study conducted to assess the floor vegetation shows the presence of 17 species underPopulus deltoides in comparison to 28, 29 and 35 underAlbizia lebbeck, Dalbergia sissoo and mix-culture plantations, respectively. Further, the biomass and density of floor vegetation is considerably reduced underP. deltoides compared to other plantations. In addition, the indices for species richness, evenness, dominance and diversity are also reduced underP. deltoides showing some inhibitory mechanism being operative under these plantations. Based on available literature, allelopathy is speculated to be responsible for this reduction.  相似文献   

Antiproliferative activity of Goldfussia psilostachys ethanolic extract on K562 leukemia cells     

Gao X  Zhang G  Zhou M  Luo D  Li B 《Fitoterapia》2004,75(7-8):639-644

A dose-dependent and significant (P<0.01) antiproliferative effect of Goldfussia psilostachys ethanolic extract was observed on K562 cells. The IC(50) is ca. 0.5 microg/ml. The extract markedly increases the proportion of cell in G2/M phases and decreases the population of cells in G0/G1 phases. Moreover, the antimitotic effect is correlated with polymerization of microtubule assembly. These results indicate that G. psilostachys ethanolic extract inhibits the proliferation of K562 cells and disrupts the normal dynamic of microtubules during mitosis.  相似文献   

9种中药成分对猪传染性胃肠炎病毒体外增殖的抑制作用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张为民  胡蓉  郭抗抗  宁蓬勃  张彦明  卿素珠 《中国兽医学报》2015,35(5):799-803

运用MTT法结合细胞病变方法测定黄芩苷、穿心莲内酯、大黄素、大黄酸、芦荟大黄素、大黄素甲醚、苦参碱、氧化苦参碱和苦马豆素9种中药成分对猪传染性胃肠炎病毒(TGEV)在ST细胞上增殖的抑制作用,实时荧光定量PCR(Real-time PCR)进一步检测黄芩苷对TGEV在ST细胞上增殖的抑制作用。结果显示,9种中药成分在体外对TGEV在ST细胞上的增殖均有一定的抑制作用,其中黄芩苷对TGEV的生物合成、吸附保护和直接灭活作用的抑制率分别为58.23%、88.12%和100.00%;Real-time PCR检测黄芩苷3种给药方式均能在转录水平显著降低TGEV mRNA的相对表达量,与病毒对照组相比差异极显著(P0.01)。结果表明,9种中药成分在体外对TGEV在ST细胞上的增殖均有一定的抑制作用,以黄芩苷作用最好。  相似文献   

Allelopathy in crop/weed interactions--an update     

Belz RG 《Pest management science》2007,63(4):308-326

Since varietal differences in allelopathy of crops against weeds were discovered in the 1970s, much research has documented the potential that allelopathic crops offer for integrated weed management with substantially reduced herbicide rates. Research groups worldwide have identified several crop species possessing potent allelopathic interference mediated by root exudation of allelochemicals. Rice, wheat, barley and sorghum have attracted most attention. Past research focused on germplasm screening for elite allelopathic cultivars and the identification of the allelochemicals involved. Based on this, traditional breeding efforts were initiated in rice and wheat to breed agronomically acceptable, weed-suppressive cultivars with improved allelopathic interference. Promising suppressive crosses are under investigation. Molecular approaches have elucidated the genetics of allelopathy by QTL mapping which associated the trait in rice and wheat with several chromosomes and suggested the involvement of several allelochemicals. Potentially important compounds that are constitutively secreted from roots have been identified in all crop species under investigation. Biosynthesis and exudation of these metabolites follow a distinct temporal pattern and can be induced by biotic and abiotic factors. The current state of knowledge suggests that allelopathy involves fluctuating mixtures of allelochemicals and their metabolites as regulated by genotype and developmental stage of the producing plant, environment, cultivation and signalling effects, as well as the chemical or microbial turnover of compounds in the rhizosphere. Functional genomics is being applied to identify genes involved in biosynthesis of several identified allelochemicals, providing the potential to improve allelopathy by molecular breeding. The dynamics of crop allelopathy, inducible processes and plant signalling is gaining growing attention; however, future research should also consider allelochemical release mechanisms, persistence, selectivity and modes of action, as well as consequences of improved crop allelopathy on plant physiology, the environment and management strategies. Creation of weed-suppressive cultivars with improved allelopathic interference is still a challenge, but traditional breeding or biotechnology should pave the way.  相似文献   

Propanil and swep inhibit 4-coumarate:CoA ligase activity in vitro   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Yun MS  Chen W  Deng F  Yogo Y 《Pest management science》2007,63(8):815-820

4-Coumarate:CoA ligase (4CL, EC 6.2.1.12) in the phenylpropanoid pathway in plants has attracted interest as a novel target for developing effective plant growth inhibitors (PGIs). In a previous study in which the 4CL inhibitory activity of 28 existing herbicides was investigated using an optimized in vitro screening assay, 4CL activity was found to be strongly inhibited by propanil and swep at 100 microM. Here, further experimental evidence is provided to substantiate the previous result. Using 4-coumaric acid as substrate, tobacco 4CL activity was inhibited by propanil or swep in a concentration-dependent manner, with 50% inhibition concentrations (I(50)) of 39.6 and 6 microM respectively. These herbicides also exhibited uncompetitive inhibition towards 4-coumaric acid. Furthermore, 4CLs from several plant species were inhibited by the herbicides within a range from 1 to 50 microM. It is proposed that these herbicides have another site of action as a result of the inhibition of 4CL in the phenylpropanoid pathway, and this enzyme represents a new target site for the development of PGI.  相似文献