嗜铁真菌 z-15对几种病原菌的抑制作用     

赵荣艳  翟凤艳 《贵州农业科学》2014,(10)

为 z-15在植物病害防治上的应用提供参考,采用平板对峙法、发酵液抑菌法和抑制孢子萌发法测定嗜铁真菌 z-15对4种病原菌的影响。结果表明,z-15对4种病原菌均有不同程度的抑制作用,平板拮抗试验中,除西瓜枯萎病菌以外,对另3种病原菌的抑制率均超过20％,其发酵液对小麦根腐病菌（Bipo-laris sorokiniana ）的生长抑制效果较为显著,最高抑制率达50．9％;对西瓜枯萎病菌和水稻恶苗病菌孢子萌发亦有较好的抑制作用。  相似文献   

3种茜草科药用植物乙醇浸提液对萝卜种子 萌发及幼苗生长的化感作用     

刘龙元  贺鸿志  黎华寿 《广东农业科学》2014,41(9):33-38

以3 种茜草科药用植物鸡屎藤也Paederia scandens (Lour.) Merr.页、剑叶耳草（Hedyotis caudatifolia Merr. et Metcalf）、玉叶金花（Mussaenda pubescens L.）为试材,采用乙醇提取的方法制备不同浓度的乙醇提液,通过测定其对受 体萝卜（Raphanus sativus L.）发芽率、根系活力、叶片游离脯氨酸和叶绿素含量的影响,比较化感作用强弱。结果表明院 不同供试植物乙醇提液其化感效应不同,且浓度高时,化感作用强;供试植物乙醇提液均显著降低了萝卜发芽率、发芽 速率指数,且剑叶耳草在这两个指标的抑制作用显著高于另二者;供试植物乙醇提液均极显著抑制萝卜胚根和胚芽的 生长,其中鸡屎藤乙醇提液抑制胚芽的作用最强,玉叶金花提液抑制胚根的作用最强;鸡屎藤比玉叶金花更显著地抑 制萝卜幼苗根系活力,然而剑叶耳草却显著地促进;供试植物乙醇提液显著降低萝卜幼苗叶绿素含量,显著提高叶片 脯氨酸含量;鸡屎藤乙醇提液使叶绿素含量减少69.47%耀87.00%,且叶绿素a辕叶绿素b 随处理浓度的增加而降低。  相似文献   

茶氨酸溴香酰胺对人肝癌细胞体内外生长的抑制作用     

季德鑫  张华荣  刘欣  陈林林  孙富家  吴菲  田绘绘  刘昆  张国营 《安徽农业大学学报》2014,41(2):213-218

以L-茶氨酸作对照,评估本实验室合成的新颖的茶氨酸衍生物-茶氨酸溴香酰胺（TBrC）对人肝癌HepG2细胞系体内外生长的抑制作用,并初步探究其作用的分子机制。采用MTT法检测不同浓度的TBrC对HepG2细胞体外生长的影响,应用蛋白质印迹法检测解析HepG2细胞中与癌细胞凋亡和生长密切相关蛋白的表达和药物可能作用的分子靶点。此外,建立动物肿瘤模型,与对照组茶氨酸和临床常用抗癌药物五氟尿嘧啶组相比较,评价TBrC对荷瘤裸鼠人肝癌HepG2肿瘤生长的抑制效果。实验结果显示,TBrC抑制人肝癌细胞体内外生长的活性超过其母体化合物茶氨酸分别为3倍和4倍以上,对小鼠生长无明显毒性。TBrC比茶氨酸更显著地抑制肝癌细胞生长因子受体c-Met和抗凋亡的Bcl-2等蛋白的表达;此外,TBrC大大上调促进凋亡的Bax蛋白的表达。TBrC抑制c-Met信号传导通路,下调Bcl-2/Bax蛋白比率可能是其作用的分子机制之一。这些结果提示,TBrC具有广泛应用于临床治疗和（或）辅助治疗人肝癌和其他癌症的潜力。  相似文献   

水产食品特定腐败菌与货架期的预测和延长   总被引：25，自引：2，他引：25  

杨宪时 《水产学报》2004,28(1):106-111

Fresh fish and lightly preserved fish products are welcome by the global market, however, they are also among the most perishable food products. The research on specific spoilage organisms (SSO) reveals the spoilage process of aquatic product. This paper reviews the current knowledge (past ten years) on SSO of fresh fish and lightly preserved fish products with particular emphasis on characteristics of SSO and how to apply this concept to determine, predict and extend the shelf life of aquatic product. During storage, the microflora changes owing to different abilities of the microorganisms to tolerate the preservation conditions. SSO is defined as special microorganisms which can increase rapidly during preservation and has the ability to produce off- odours and off- flavours associated with spoilage, and spoilage metabolites. Identification of an SSO relies on comparison of the sensory and chemical characteristics of spoiled product with those of isolates from the spoilage microflora. Generally, the SSO of fresh fish may be a single species or genus, but the ones of lightly preserved fish products will be more complex. One exciting area for use of SSO aims to obtain quantitative knowledge about probable behavior of SSO and their function during the progression of spoilage. Thus mathematical models on the growth of SSO are established to evaluate the quality lost degree of product, which provide a sound information for the rational development of devices to monitor loss of products shelf life. Models for the growth of Pseudomonas spp, S. putrefaciens, P. phosphoreum have been established, and validated for shelf life prediction of seafood successfully. Another application field of SSO intends to develop the techniques to prolong the shelf life of food products by inhibiting SSO targetedly. Targeted inhibition of spoilage bacteria during preservation reduces their growth and results in a significant extension of shelf life in despite of the activity of non - spoilage organisms has not been influenced. Such techniques have been applied in perversion field of fresh fish and lightly preserved fish.  相似文献   

Denitrification characteristics of pond sediments in a Chinese agricultural watershed   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Feiyue LI  Rong YANG  Chaopu TI  Man LANG  Sonoko D. KIMURA  Xiaoyuan YAN 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2010,56(1):66-71

Ponds are widely distributed in rice-based agricultural watersheds, particularly in southern China, and may play an important role in nitrate (     ) removal. However, the denitrification rate of pond sediment, measured using the acetylene (C₂H₂) inhibition technique, indicated that the amount of nitrogen removed by denitrification accounted for <1% of the total nitrogen applied. The present study was undertaken to determine the effects of sediment depth and temperature on denitrification of pond sediment using the C₂H₂ inhibition technique. The highest denitrification potential was found in the upper 5 cm of sediment, but this only accounted for approximately 34% of the total denitrification of the upper 0–30 cm of sediment, suggesting that sediment denitrification potential would be underestimated if only the upper 5 cm of sediment was measured. The denitrification potential was low and showed a weak response over a temperature range of 6–18°C, whereas denitrification increased significantly from 18 to 30°C, indicating that denitrification may play an important role in the removal of     in warm seasons. A comparison of the     disappearance and C₂H₂ inhibition methods showed that they were significantly ( P  < 0.01) and positively correlated. However, the C₂H₂ inhibition method gave only approximately 25% of the values determined by the     disappearance method.  相似文献   

Root exudation of diclofop-methyl and triasulfuron from foliar-treated durum wheat and ryegrass     

G DINELLI  A BONETTI  I MAROTTI  M MINELLI  S BUSI  & P CATIZONE 《Weed Research》2007,47(1):25-33

In this study, we evaluated the release of diclofop-methyl and triasulfuron from the roots of foliar-treated ryegrass and wheat. The study with ¹⁴C-diclofop-methyl indicated a basipetal translocation of foliar-applied herbicide in wheat and ryegrass. No root exudation from ¹⁴C-diclofop-methyl-treated wheat plants was observed, while 20 days after treatment (DAT) 0.2–0.9% of radioactivity absorbed by ryegrass was found exuded in the growing medium. Root exudation was stimulated three to six times by the presence of untreated wheat or ryegrass sharing the growing medium with diclofop-methyl-treated ryegrass. No subsequent uptake of exuded radiolabel by untreated plants (ryegrass or wheat) in the same pot with ¹⁴C-diclofop-methyl-treated ryegrass was observed. The study with ¹⁴C-triasulfuron indicated a basipetal translocation of foliar-applied herbicide in wheat and ryegrass and also into the growing medium. By 20 DAT, 0.5–4.2% of radioactivity absorbed by wheat or ryegrass was found exuded in the growing medium. The presence of untreated plants (wheat or ryegrass) in the same pot as triasulfuron-treated ryegrass or wheat induced exudation seven to 32 times more. The study also revealed a subsequent uptake of exuded compounds by untreated wheat or ryegrass sharing the medium of ¹⁴C-triasulfuron-treated plants. This study has demonstrated for the first time that the root exudation of exogenous compounds can be related to plant arrangement in pots. The implication is that herbicide root exudation and transfer, a form of allelopathy, could be significant in the field. A precise estimation of environmental fate, unexpected ecological side effects and residual activity of herbicides may require quantification of such exudation.  相似文献   

Allelopathic Effect of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. on Cyperus rotundus L. and Cynodon dactylon L. Pers.     

R. Chandra Babu  O. S. Kandasamy 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1997,179(2):123-126

The allelopathic potential of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. (gum tree) fresh and dried leaf leachates was studied using two perennial weeds, viz. purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) and bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon L. Pers) as test weeds. Aqueous leachate of fresh leaves of eucalyptus significantly suppressed the establishment of vegetative propagules and early seedling growth of the weeds. Leachate of fresh leaf cuttings had growth inhibitory effect on bermuda grass but showed growth promotion effect on purple nutsedge. Similarly the leachate of dried leaves of eucalyptus had differential influence on the growth of the two weeds. There is a possibility to harness the allelochemicals of eucalyptus leaves as herbicides for the management of these perennial weeds.  相似文献   

浅析雇佣关系中的商业秘密保护与竞业禁止制度     

陈松 《安徽农业大学学报》2003,(3):77-79

商业秘密能够给权利人带来巨大的经济价值或竞争优势，因此要加强对商业秘密的保护，尤其是要加强对雇佣关系中的商业秘密的保护。在雇佣关系中，商业秘密权的保护与 择业自由权的保护存在着冲突，是保护商业秘密的难点。竞业禁止作为保护商业秘密的手段，同时存在于在职期间和离职后，雇主通常与雇员签订竞业禁止协议来保护商业秘密，如何确认竞业禁止协议的合法性、合理性问题是保护商业秘密的又一个难点。  相似文献   

A study of the allelopathic effect of extracts from different parts of Iva xanthiifolia on five native species     

LI Feng-lan  WU Jia-wen  YAO Shu-kuan  ZHAO Zi-yi  ZHAO Xiao-can  HE Fu-meng  ZHU Yuan-fang  SHI Qi-hai  ZHOU Lei  XU Yong-qing 《草业学报》2008,29(9):169

  相似文献   

氧肟酸的次生代谢及其对昆虫生理毒性研究     

吴龙火  李庆  杨群芳 《西南大学学报(自然科学版)》2006,28(1):89-93

氧肟酸是禾本科植物中与自身化学防御系统有密切关系的重要次生代谢物质。氧肟酸的合成基因位点存在于Bx系统,其生物合成机制与色氨酸相似。通过对植物内生性轮状镰刀霉(Fusarium verticillioides)的研究表明,丁布的生物降解产物主要为HMPMA,AMPO,BOA-X。与亲核试剂的反应、对氨基酸衍生物进行蛋白质修饰的功能等均是氧肟酸的生物学效应原理,如对硫氢基等进行攻击反应。昆虫体内3大营养物质的代谢及呼吸链的电子传递能被丁布所抑制,表现出其对昆虫的生理毒性作用。  相似文献