应用叶片保护率评价阿维菌素对小菜蛾的毒力   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

田素芬  顾晓军  刘文静  王德辉 《中国农学通报》2008,24(12):396-400

研究目的】尝试采用叶片保护率评价阿维菌素对小菜蛾（Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus)）2龄、3龄幼虫的毒力,以期为该药毒力的准确评价提供资料。【研究方法】浸叶法测定阿维菌素对小菜蛾2龄、3龄幼虫室内毒力的同时,观察记录24h、48h、72h校正死亡率、叶片保护率【结果】对小菜蛾2龄幼虫,24h、48h、72h的LC50分别为>10.00mg/L、2.87mg/L、0.56mg/L;相同时间内PC50分别为0.25 mg/L、0.82mg/L、1.43mg/L。对3龄幼虫,24h、48h、72h的LC50分别为>10.00mg/L、6.20mg/L、3.00mg/L;相同时间内PC50分别为<0.16mg/L、0.04mg/L、4.25mg/L。【结论】根据叶片保护率,可以发现阿维菌素对小菜蛾影响快,但是当阿维菌素毒力达到稳定时,必须有较高的校正死亡率,否则达不到理想的叶面保护效果。  相似文献   

反相高效液相色谱法测定黄瓜和梨中阿维菌素B1a残留   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张红艳  王玉红  赵玉珍  王成菊  李学锋  邱立红 《农业环境科学学报》2007,26(3):1085-1087

利用反相高效液相色谱法研究建立了蔬菜（黄瓜）与水果（梨）中阿维菌素残留量的测定方法。样品采用甲醇提取,二氯甲烷萃取,经弗罗里硅土柱净化,最后用甲醇定容。色谱柱为C18不锈钢柱（25cm×4.6mm,10μm）,流动相甲醇＋水=90＋10（V＋V）,流速为1.0mL·min^-1,检测波长为245nm,采用外标峰面积进行定量。结果表明,阿维菌素在0.05～5.00mg·L^-1范围内呈良好的线性关系（r=1.0000）,方法的添加回收率范围为82.99%～92.23%,变异系数为2.31%～4.15%,最小检出浓度为0.001mg·kg^-1,能够满足对该农药在黄瓜和梨中残留分析的要求。  相似文献   

阿维菌素对蛋鸡皮刺螨的驱杀试验   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

安健  李建成  汪明  王黎霞  胡格 《动物医学进展》2003,24(1):97-99

用蛋鸡为试验动物,将伊维菌素预混剂按1mg/kg饲料的浓度混入饲料为对照药物,检测1.25,1.00,0.75mg/kg饲料的阿维菌素预混剂和400mg/kg体重的阿维菌素粉剂(分两次)对鸡皮刺螨的驱杀效果。结果表明:阿维菌素预混剂能驱杀鸡皮刺螨,与伊维菌素预混剂驱杀鸡皮刺螨的效果一致,而阿维菌素粉剂驱杀鸡皮刺螨的效果不如阿维菌素预混剂。阿维菌素预混剂和阿维菌素粉剂都能显著增加料蛋比,提高饲料转化率。  相似文献   

Biochemical and Molecular Characteristics of Glutamic Decarboxylase from Bactrocera dorsalis     

WEI Dong  WANG Tao  DOU Wei  WANG Jin-Jun 《中国农业科学》2014,47(16):3184-3194

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Evaluation of neonicotinoid, organophosphate and avermectin trunk injections for the management of avocado thrips in California avocado groves     

Byrne FJ  Urena AA  Robinson LJ  Krieger RI  Doccola J  Morse JG 《Pest management science》2012,68(5):811-817

BACKGROUND: Trunk injections of systemic insecticides were evaluated for the management of avocado thrips. Insecticide residues were quantified in leaves to determine when after treatment, and for how long, toxic concentrations of the insecticides were present. Residues in fruit were quantified to determine whether trunk injection of insecticides might present a greater risk than traditional application methods for contaminating fruit. RESULTS: Residues of imidacloprid and dinotefuran were at least tenfold higher in leaves when trees were treated via trunk injection compared with soil application. Dinotefuran uptake was more rapid than imidacloprid, and no residues were detected within fruit. Acephate was also mobilized very rapidly and gave good control of thrips in bioassays; however, residues of acephate and its insecticidal metabolite methamidophos were detected in the fruit for up to 4 weeks after injection. Avermectin uptake was very slow, and it was ineffective against avocado thrips. CONCLUSIONS: Trunk injections of acephate and dinotefuran permitted rapid uptake into avocados, and they are strong candidates as control methods for avocado thrips. However, residues of organophosphates in fruit could necessitate increased preharvest intervals. Residues of neonicotinoids were below detection limits in fruit, suggesting that neonicotinoids may be the more suitable control option of the two chemical classes. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

2.0％阿维菌素乳油防治小麦叶蜂药效试验     

陈金安 《广东农业科学》2012,39(1):74-75

于2010—2011年采用不同浓度的2.0%阿维菌素乳油对小麦叶蜂进行药效试验,结果表明:不同浓度的2.0%阿维菌素防治小麦叶蜂的小区和大田试验防治效果相近,以2.0%阿维菌素1 500倍、2 000倍处理防效最好,大田试验药后5 d调查,虫口减退率分别达94.69%和94.26%,校正防效均为95.00%左右;2.0%阿维菌素3 000倍处理的防效仅为80.98%。综合考虑防治效果、经济成本、安全等因素,认为2.0%阿维菌素2 000倍液防治小麦叶蜂的效果最佳。  相似文献   

Synthesis and insecticidal activity of 5-acyloxyimino-5-deoxyavermectin B1 derivatives     

Liu X  Wu J  Liang X  Wang D 《Pest management science》2004,60(7):697-702

Four novel 5-acyloxyimino-5-deoxyavermectin B1 compounds have been synthesized from avermectin B1 by selective oxidization of the hydroxy group at C-5, followed by oximation and convenient esterification. Their structures were confirmed by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and MS. Insecticidal activities of the intermediate oxime and the four new acyl derivatives were evaluated against Helicoverpa armigera, Spodoptera exigua and Musca domestica.  相似文献   

9512—1乳油对部分烟草害虫的毒力测定   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

姜勇  邓建华 《华中农业大学学报》2000,19(1):9-11

９５１２－１乳油是联华实验室开发的阿维菌素类农用杀虫杀螨剂。室内用浸叶法,分别测定了１％９５１２－１乳油对烟草主要害虫烟青虫、烟蚜的毒力,表明１％９５１２－１乳油对供试昆虫有突出的毒杀效果,其２０００倍液对２龄和３龄烟青虫在７２ｈ内死亡率分别达８７．７７％、１００％;对烟蚜的ＬＣ５０值为０．３３ｍｇ／Ｌ。田间实验表明,１％９５１２－１乳油对烟蚜的防效高于９０％,１５ｄ后可高达９５．４％。  相似文献   

Evidence for Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) subsp. kurstaki HD-1, Bt subsp. aizawai and Abamectin in Field Populations of Plutella xylostella from Malaysia     

Muhammad Iqbal  Robert H. J. Verkerk  Michael J. Furlong  Pek Choo Ong  Syed Abdul Rahman  Denis J. Wright 《Pest management science》1996,48(1):89-97

The efficacy of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) subsp. kurstaki HD-1 (‘Dipel’™; Btk; CryIA & CryII) and Bt. subsp. aizawai (‘Florbac’™; Bta; CryIA & CryIC) was assessed against larvae from various field populations of Plutella xylostella (F2 generation) collected in the Cameron Highlands, Malaysia in April 1994 and a lowland population (SERD 2; F10 generation) collected in December 1993. Evidence of resistance to Btk and to a lesser extent Bta is reported in these populations (LC₅₀ Toxicity Ratios [TR]=3–14 and 2–8 respectively), most notably in SERD 2. The first recorded evidence of resistance to abamectin (TR=17–195-fold) in field populations of P. xylostella is also reported. In an unselected sub-population of SERD 2, the TR values for Btk, Bta and abamectin declined 2- to 3-fold (P<0·01) over six generations in the laboratory (F10–F16) while in sub-populations of SERD 2 selected with these products (F11–F15) there was a significant (P<0·01) increase in the TR (15-, 3- and 2·5-fold respectively) when compared with the F10 generation. This suggests the presence of marked resistance to Btk and some resistance to Bta and abamectin. There is also evidence of slight cross-resistance to Btk in the Bta-selected sub-population but no evidence for the reverse selection of resistance or for cross-resistance between Btk and abamectin. Concurrent selection studies (F11–F15) with another sub-population of SERD 2 demonstrated resistance to the acylurea insect growth regulator, teflubenzuron (‘Nomolt’™) (29-fold increase in TR). Based on the selection experiments with SERD 2, estimates of realised heritability (h²) of resistance gave very high values for teflubenzuron and Btk (c.0·7) and moderate values for abamectin and Bta (c.0·3). The results are discussed in relation to integrated pest management (IPM) and insecticide resistance management (IRM) strategies for P. xylostella.  相似文献   

线粒体损伤在阿维菌素致体外培养神经细胞凋亡中的作用     

崔雅莉 王敏黄蔚  关丽萍李术 《中国兽医科技》2007,37(11):969-973

通过体外培养王鸽脑神经细胞，并按终浓度0、2．5、5和10μg／L阿维菌素（AVM）染毒，培养24h时，经透射电镜观察神经细胞超微结构，DNA断裂评价细胞凋亡，MTT法测定线粒体活性，酶标仪检测Caspase-3、Caspase-9活性，流式细胞术测定线粒体跨膜电位（△ψm），探讨线粒体损伤在AVM致体外培养神经细胞凋亡中的作用。结果显示，AVM可明显抑制神经细胞线粒体的活性，引起△ψm下降，Caspase-3和Caspase-9活性升高，神经细胞发生凋亡，存在明显的剂量效应关系。证实，线粒体损伤是AVM致体外培养神经细胞凋亡的机理之一。  相似文献