Cacao resistance to Phytophthora: Effect of pathogen species, inoculation depths and pod maturity     

A.D. Iwaro  T.N. Sreenivasan  P. Umaharan 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1998,104(1):11-15

Two species of Phytophthora (P. palmivora and P. capsici) and inoculations at two depths (3 mm and 9 mm) were tested each on 10 clones of Theobroma cacao to determine their effects on pod resistance. Ripe and unripe pods were also assessed to determine the influence of physiological status of the pod on the expression of resistance. The two pathogens tested (P. palmivora and P. capsici) differed significantly in their reactions on pods, with P. palmivora being more aggressive than P. capsici. However, the lack of interaction between clones and pathogen species and the similarity in the ranking of clones based on lesion size suggested that selection for resistant clones can be based on one of the two pathogens, preferably the more aggressive one. Pod reactions differed between inoculation depths (3 mm and 9 mm), and between pod maturity stages (ripe and unripe pods) with relatively larger lesions being recorded at 9 mm depth and on unripe pods as compared to those observed at 3 mm depth and on unripe pods, respectively. The magnitude of increase in lesion sizes, however, varied with genotypes, indicating that inoculation depth and pod maturity stage should be standardized in screening cacao germplasm for resistance to Phytophthora.  相似文献   

松辽黑猪生长发育性能研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

程宇  张俊恒  王巍  李娜  赵晓东  李兆华  张志彬  张树敏 《安徽农业科学》2010,38(10):5121-5122

[目的]为松辽黑猪新品系和吉松配套系选育优质肉猪新品种提供理论依据。[方法]选取松辽黑猪,松野杂猪和杜长大三元杂交育肥猪各15头,分成3个组分别为S、Y和B组,组内设3个重复,每个重复5头猪,在同一条件下进行饲养试验,并对其生长发育性能进行测定。[结果]S组松辽黑猪的胸围发育程度明显高于Y组松野杂猪和B组杜长大三元杂交猪,差异极显著（P〈0.01）,其他指标均差异不显著;Y组松野杂猪的增重速度、发育程度、屠宰率和产瘦肉率与B组杜长大三元杂交猪相比,差异均不显著。[结论]在增重速度和产肉率方面,松辽黑猪新品系和松野杂猪新品种的选育是成功的。  相似文献   

金州黑色标准水貂对中国养貂行业的影响     

郭朝贵 《经济动物学报》2000,4(4):1-3

介绍了金州黑色标准水貂这一品种的培育过程和优良特性 ,阐述了该水貂新品种对推动中国水貂养殖行业的发展将起到很大的作用  相似文献   

基于AHP的道路黑点交通安全影响因素分析及应用   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

丁柏群  田丰福 《森林工程》2007,23(5):62-64

阐述道路黑点交通事故的生成特征,通过AHP法建立交通安全影响因素的层次结构模型,形成了诸因素重要程度量化分析方法,为减少和预防密集型交通事故提供切实依据;应用该方法对某大型交叉口进行了分析和计算,确定了各安全影响因素的权重,提出了相应的安全保障措施。  相似文献   

Dispersal of black sea bass (Centropristis striata) larvae on the southeast U.S. continental shelf: results of a coupled vertical larval behavior – 3D circulation model     

K. P. EDWARDS  J. A. HARE  F. E. WERNER 《Fisheries Oceanography》2008,17(4):299-315

In the marine environment, pelagic dispersal is important for determining the distribution and abundance of populations, as well as providing connections among populations. Estimates of larval dispersal from spawning grounds are important to determining temporal and spatial patterns in recruitment that may have significant influences on the dynamics of the population. We present a case study of the dispersal of Centropristis striata (black sea bass) larvae on the southeast U.S. continental shelf. We use a coupled larval behavior – 3D circulation model to compare the effects of the timing and location of spawning against that of larval vertical migration on larval dispersal. Using the results of field data on larval vertical distributions, we compare the dispersal of virtual 'larvae' which have ontogenetic changes in vertical behavior with that of particles fixed near the surface and near the bottom. Larvae were released at potential spawning sites four times throughout the spawning season (February through May) for 3 yr (2002–04) and tracked for the assumed larval duration (from 27 to 37 days including the egg stage). Results indicate that adult behavior, in the form of spawning time and location, may be more important than larval vertical behavior in determining larval dispersal on the inner- and mid- continental shelves of this region.  相似文献   

特种稻种资源的利用及其系列产品的开发   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

贺浩华  上官新晨 《江西农业大学学报》1997,19(3):6-11

这是一篇科研成果的综合报告，该项目发表系列研究论文１３篇，选育了特种稻品种２个，研制出３个黑系列产品，取得了较显著的经济与社会效益。  相似文献   

In vitro antifungal activity of brassinin, camalexin and two isothiocyanates against the crucifer pathogens Alternaria brassicicola and Alternaria brassicae     

A. Sellam  B. Iacomi-Vasilescu  P. Hudhomme  P. Simoneau 《Plant pathology》2007,56(2):296-301

In vitro assays investigated the responses of Alternaria brassicicola and A. brassicae isolates towards two crucifer phytoalexins and two isothiocyanates (ITC) by evaluating their potential toxic effects on different fungal growth parameters. Although variable responses towards each compound was observed within the species A. brassicicola , the results obtained confirmed the antifungal effects of camalexin, brassinin, allyl- (AlITC) and benzyl- (BzITC) isothiocyanates, at different developmental stages of both Alternaria species. Irrespective of the tested isolate, the phytoalexin camalexin exhibited the greater inhibitory effect with mean EC₅₀ values ranging from 34  µ m (germ-tube elongation) to 183  µ m (mycelial growth). Germ-tube elongation was more sensitive compared to conidial germination and mycelial growth, with mean EC₅₀ values of the former of 81  µ m , 520  µ m and 870  µ m for brassinin, BzITC and AlITC, respectively.  相似文献   

海南黑山羊与萨能奶山羊杂交F1代的生理生化指标测定与分析     

徐铁山吕惠敏  王东劲周汉林 《热带作物学报》2008,32(1):41-44

对海南黑山羊及其与萨能奶山羊F1 代的主要生理生化指标进行了测定与分析。结果表明，呼吸、体温、红细胞计数、白细胞计数、血清总蛋白、谷草转氨酶等指标都在正常范围，海南黑山羊公羊、海南黑山羊母羊、F1 黑色母羊、F1 白色母羊在海南适应性和生长发育表现良好。测定结果还能为海南黑山羊的饲养管理和疾病的诊断治疗提供血液学方面的参考。  相似文献   

系统分析多组织转录组鉴定影响猪脂肪沉积的关键基因     

翟丽维  赵延辉  李文军  邢凯  王楚端 《畜牧兽医学报》2022,53(6):1702-1711

旨在挖掘影响松辽黑猪脂肪沉积的关键基因及脂肪、肝和肌肉在体内的功能。本研究选择体重100 kg左右健康且背膘厚差异显著的6头(高、低各3头)松辽黑猪为试验动物,利用高通量转录组测序技术检测其脂肪、肝和背最长肌组织中基因的表达水平,鉴定不同脂肪沉积猪和不同组织中的差异表达基因,并分析差异表达基因的生物学功能。结果表明,在不同分组的猪中发现135个差异表达基因,其中部分参与了PPAR信号通路、AMPK信号通路、代谢通路、脂肪酸代谢和甘油代谢等通路。经生物学功能分析发现,EHHADH、ME1、SCD、OLR1、PHGDH、ACLY、LEP和CYP超家族基因等基因为影响猪脂肪沉积的关键基因。在不同组织的差异表达表达基因中,脂肪组织中高表达的基因显著富集在胰岛素信号通路、MAPK信号通路、三羧酸循环、氧化磷酸化等通路;肝中高表达基因显著富集在多种物质的代谢、脂肪酸的降解、氨基酸的合成等通路;背最长肌中高表达的基因主要参与了蛋白质的降解、PI3K-Akt信号通路、氧化磷酸化通路、Wnt信号通路、磷脂酰肌醇信号通路等通路。不同组间差异表达基因分析结果提示,EHHADH、ME1、SCD、OLR1、PHGDH、ACLY、LEP和CYP超家族基因等基因是影响脂肪沉积的关键基因;不同组织间差异表达基因表明,脂肪组织是脂肪合成的主要部位,而肝和肌肉组织主要涉及脂肪酸的降解。本研究结果对脂肪性状的遗传改良、机理解析有一定意义。  相似文献   

潞江坝胡椒种植面积严重萎缩原因分析及发展建议     

吕玉兰  黄家雄 《热带农业科技》2007,30(4):20-22,33

自20世纪80年代起,云南保山潞江坝胡椒种植面积逐渐萎缩,经调查分析,该地区冬春季节低温干旱的气候条件、管理粗放、连作障碍等导致胡椒旱衰和死亡是种植面积大幅萎缩的主要原因;作者在此基础上提出了该区胡椒产业发展的建议。  相似文献