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81.
A modified rate equation, in which the diffusion of reagent was taken into consideration, was proposed and applied to results reported previously for the acetylation of wood. The equation was fitted more successfully to the prolonged as well as the early stage of the reaction than a common first-order rate equation. Although the conclusions were virtually unchanged, the reliability was enhanced because reaction parameters such as the rate constant, ultimate extent of the reaction, and activation energy calculated for the modified equation were based on much more data than those reported previously. The equation proposed here may be applicable not only to acetylation but to other chemical modifications of cellulosic materials in heterogeneous systems. 相似文献
82.
Akio?InoueEmail author Marie?Miyake Tomohiro?Nishizono 《Journal of Forest Research》2004,9(4):319-324
An allometric model that explains the mechanism of the difference in the slope of the Reineke equation (A) among species was proposed based on the allometric relationships of mean tree height (H) to quadratic mean diameter D (H ∝ D
θ
) and stand density N (H ∝ N
δ
), i.e., A = θ/δ. The proposed model was fitted to Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa Endl.) and red pine (Pinus densiflora) stands. The allometric exponents θ and δ were, respectively, 0.8995 and −0.5000 for cypress and 0.8612 and −0.6619 for pine. The difference between cypress and pine
was significant for δ but not for θ. Inserting the exponents into the model resulted in predicted slopes of −1.7991 for cypress and −1.3011 for pine. The difference
in the slope of the Reineke equation between the two species was produced by characteristics related to the tree crown, rather
than characteristics related to stem slenderness. The proposed model enables us to estimate the slope of the Reineke equation
from commonly measured stand attributes, such as mean tree height and quadratic mean diameter. Therefore, the proposed model
is expected to be practical and convenient for estimating the slope of the Reineke equation and for explaining the mechanism
of its variation among species. The model should be also accepted as a generalized model of the stand density versus quadratic
mean diameter relationship, whereas the original Reineke equation should be seen as a specific case of this model. 相似文献
83.
尾叶桉材积蓄积计算公式初探 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
从雷州林业局几个点收集2~11年生的尾叶桉生长资料和49株解析木材料,用数学回归方程推导出二元材积公式和蓄积公式,经验证,其精确度可靠 相似文献
84.
85.
Katsushige Shiraki Yoshiki Shinomiya Hirofumi Shibano 《Journal of Forest Research》2006,11(6):439-447
Numerical experiments of soil water movement and bedrock infiltration based on a simplified simulation method were conducted
to analyze watershed-scale rainfall-runoff processes. To verify the model accuracy, it was applied to a Minamitani watershed
(0.45 ha). The simulation was performed with 2.5-m space grids horizontally and five cells vertically. Results of long-term
calculation of this model proved that this simulation model is robust and demonstrated good computational water mass conservation.
Calculation results showed the best agreement with observed hydrographs and the number of groundwater levels simultaneously
when laboratory-tested soil hydraulic characteristics for topsoil were used and infiltration into bedrock was included in
numerical calculations. Numerical experiments show that bedrock infiltration generated a stable base flow and suppressed the
secondary discharge peak. The reproducibility achieved by observed soil hydraulic characteristics with the assumption of bedrock
flow demonstrates the effectiveness of the simulation model used in this article for analyses of watershed-scale soil water
movements. 相似文献
86.
L35等杨树新品种造林当年年生长节律研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
利用Logistic方程对4个黑杨派杨树无性系的1a生林木的树高、胸径的年生长节律进行拟合。结果表明:利用Logistic方程拟合效果显著,相关系数皆在0.90以上。并以此将各无性系的年生长过程分为成活期、生长前期、速生期和生长后期4个时期,年生长量在后3个时期表现出明显的“慢—快—慢”的节律,其中速生期内的树高生长量占总生长量的比率平均为66.4%,胸径生长量占总生长量的比率平均为64.0%。树高比胸径进入速生期早且结束晚,速生期持续时间长。对各个生长时期林木的生长特点进行了分析,探讨了林木的年生长规律,为加强林木生产管理、提高林地的生产力,提供了理论依据。 相似文献
87.
Richards林木生长模型及其适用性 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
该文简述了Richards生长方程的可塑性,以毛白杨、华北落叶松、刺槐与斑克松的生长资料,讨论了描述林木生长过程的适用性。 相似文献
88.
89.
90.
Growth and yield models were developed for individual tress and stands based on336 temporary plots with 405 stem analysis trees of dahurian larch(Larix gmelinii(Rupr.)Rupr.)plantations throughout Daxing’anling mountains.Several equations were selected using nonlinearregression analysis.Results showed that the Richards equation was the best model for estimatingtree height,stand mean helght and stand dominant height from age; The Power equation was thebest model for prediction tree volume from DBH and tree height; The logarithmic stand volumeequation was good for predicting stand volume from age,mean height,basal area and other standvariables.These models can be used to construct the volume table, the site index table and other for-estry tables for dahurian larch plantations. 相似文献