Research on Crack Resistance of the Roller Compacted Concrete     

《保鲜与加工》2002,(5):71-75

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播期对玉米早代自交系田间抗病性的影响   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

张新  王振华  汪红 《华北农学报》2002,17(2):49-52

对1998－2000年4月中下旬（春播）和6月上旬（夏播）种植的1607份玉米早代系进行田间自然抗性鉴定表明：播期对玉米早代系田间抗病性具有很大的影响，玉米早代自交系大斑病和粗缩病以春播发生较重，而小斑病和茎基腐病以夏播发病较充分。因此，在鉴定玉米早代系田间抗性时应根据鉴定病害对象安排在不同播期进行。  相似文献   

Inheritance of tree and fruit characters in progenies from crosses of sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) cultivars     

Robert Theiler-Hedtrich 《Euphytica》1994,77(1-2):37-44

Summary Approximately 1000 seedlings from 20 combinations crossed in 1979, 1980 and 1981 (Theiler-Hedtrich 1985a) were tested for several characters: fruit set (yield), fruit size, fruit colour, formation of abscission layer and bleeding after fruit removal from fruit stalks, bacterial canker resistance, flowering and harvesting time. From progeny of crosses with Stella as pollinator, 56% (Vittoria × Stella) and 46% (Schüttler × Stella) of the seedlings were self-compatible, of which 14 were high yielding with good fruit size and quality. From the data recorded it can be concluded:fruit set is a recessive character; only 5 to 20% of very good yielding seedlings were obtained in different progeny, even if the parental plants were both very good croppers.Fruit juice and skin colour was in most progenies ‘black’ even if they were from combinations with ‘white’ varieties, e.g., Merton Glory or Schüttler. Only from the combination Schiittler (‘white’) × Stella (‘black’), 50% of the seedlings were ‘white’; Stella therefore is heterozygous for the character of fruit juice and skin colour.Fruit size is evenly distributed in progeny with respect to the fruit size of their parent plants.Abscission layer formation and non-bleeding is a genetically complex character. In combinations where both parent plants formed fruits with complete abscission layers and which were not bleeding after fruit removal from the stalk, this character was inherited only to 50% (Vittoria × Schüttler) or 85% (Vittoria × Frühe von der Weid) in the progeny. For the genetical control of this character further studies are necessary.Bacterial canker susceptibility was evenly distributed in seedlings from all combinations even if the highly resistant cv. Vittoria was used as one parent plant, thereby not confirming the expected results of a higher proportion of resistant seedlings from combinations with Vittoria.Flowering and harvest time of the seedlings from different combinations was within the range of the parent plants. Only in the combination of Vittoria × Stella (mid-to late-ripening season) one seedling out of 99 was found to form ripe fruits two weeks earlier than the parental plants. From the seedlings tested 40 have been chosen for further evaluation or genetical studies.  相似文献   

Genetical relationships between reactions to bacterial leaf spot,yellow mosaic and Cercospora leaf spot diseases in mungbean (Vigna radiata)     

R. P. Thakur  P. N. Patel  J. P. Verma 《Euphytica》1977,26(3):765-774

Summary Studies on the inheritance pattern of bacterial leaf spot (BLS), yellow mosaic (YM) and Cercospora leaf spot (CLS) reactions in crosses of BLS and YM resistant/tolerant but CLS susceptible × CLS resistant but BLS and YM susceptible parents indicated that resistances to BLS and CLS were governed by single dominant genes, whereas YM tolerance was a monogenic recessive character. The studies also indicated that these three genes were inherited independently. The simple inheritance pattern and independent assortment of the genes governing resistance/tolerance to these diseases suggest that the usual breeding methods will be adequate to develop multi-disease resistant mungbean cultivars.Paper XII in the series Studies on resistance in crops to bacterial diseases in India.  相似文献   

Evaluation of a simple technique for characterizing rice root systems in relation to drought resistance   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

J. C. O'Toole  Soemartono 《Euphytica》1981,30(2):283-290

Summary Drought is a constraint to rice yields in much of Asia's rainfed rice crop. Although genotypic variation for root system characteristics is well documented in this semiaquatic species, little improvement of rice for drought resistance has been attempted. No simple method to evaluate root systems exists. In this paper we report the development and testing of a simple device to measure the pulling force required to uproot rice seedlings. The force required to pull rice seedlings from the paddy soil was correlated with root weight, root branching and thick root number. The capability to separate rice cultivars by this technique and relationship of the root pulling force to other drought screening methods are illustrated.  相似文献   

Differential reaction of wheat cultivars to hot environments   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

L. Shpiler  A. Blum 《Euphytica》1986,35(2):483-492

Summary Ten to 20 spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars of Israeli origin were grown in three winter (normal) and two summer (abnormal) growing seasons. During the period of emergence to anthesis mean daily temperature was on the average 12°C higher and photoperiod was about 3 h longer in the summer than in the winter. Data was collected on the durations of the periods from emergence to double-ridge (GS1), double ridge to anthesis (GS2) and anthesis to grain maturation (GS3), as well as on yield and yield components.The duration of all developmental stages was reduced by high temperature. While the duration of GS2 was the most thermo-sensitive, it may also have been reduced by the longer summer photoperiod. The effect of photoperiod on GS2 could not be isolated, but the results were interpreted to show that the effect of photoperiod on the duration of GS2 was relatively small.The most heat-affected yield component was number of grains per spikelet and the least affected component was the number of spikes per plant. High temperature reduced grain weight via reduced grain growth duration and not grain growth rate. A general linear regression model of yield on its components revealed that while variation for number of spikes per plant had the greatest effect on yield variation among cultivars in the winter, variation for number of grains per spikelet and spikelets per spike were by far the most important in the summer. Grain weight was the least important component, in this respect, in all seasons. Varieties which sustained the highest yield in hot environments were able to maintain the longest duration of GS2 and the highest number of grain per spike.  相似文献   

Genetics of resistance to ascochyta blight in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)     

S. K. Tewari  M. P. Pandey 《Euphytica》1986,35(1):211-215

Summary Six chickpea lines resistant to Ascochyta rabiei (Pass.) Lab. were crossed to four susceptible cultivars. The hybrids were resistant in all the crosses except the crosses where resistant line BRG 8 was involved. Segregation pattern for diseases reaction in F₂, BCP₁, BCP₂ and F₃ generations in field and glasshouse conditions revealed that resistance to Ascochyta blight is under the control of a single dominant gene in EC 26446, PG 82-1, P 919, P 1252-1 and NEC 2451 while a recessive gene is responsible in BRG 8. Allelic tests indicated the presence of three independently segregating genes for resistance; one dominant gene in P 1215-1 and one in EC 26446 and PG 82-1, and a recessive one in BRG 8.Research paper No. 3600  相似文献   

Sources and inheritance of resistance to stemphylium leaf spot of lettuce     

D. Netzer  D. Globerson  CH. Weintal  R. Elyassi 《Euphytica》1985,34(2):393-396

Summary None of the tested cultivars of lettuce was found resistant to Stemphylium leaf spot, a common disease in Israel. Within a Lactuca saligna population collected in wild lettuce in Israel, resistance was traced. Interspecific crosses of L. saligna x L. sativa were made and the mode of inheritance of resistance to this disease was studied. Resistance is apparently controlled by two genes: one dominant (Sm₁) and one recessive (sm₂).Contribution No. 1176-E 1984 series, from the ARO.  相似文献   

水稻白叶枯病抗性基因的聚合及其遗传效应   总被引：19，自引：3，他引：19  

徐建龙  赵新立 《作物学报》1996,22(2):129-134

以全生育期抗水稻白叶枯病的早粳Ｇ３８为抗源供体，以成株期抗性的晚粳品种秀水１１为轮回亲本，通过连续回交转育出全生育期抗白叶枯病的晚粳品系Ｄ６０１、Ｄ６０２和Ｄ６０３。遗传研究表明，３个晚粳品系都聚合了来自双亲的ｘａ－５和Ｘａ－３抗性基因，聚合的抗性基因可能具有抗性累加效应，其抗性水平和抗扩展能力强于双亲，抗谱宽于秀水１１。同时评价了３个晚粳稻抗病品系对我甸白叶枯病病原型的抗性及主要农艺性状。认为Ｄ  相似文献   

水分胁迫下甘薯叶绿素a／b比值的变化及其与抗旱性的关系   总被引：54，自引：0，他引：54  

张明生  谈锋 《种子》2001,(4):23-25

通过对室外旱池处理条件下的甘薯叶片叶绿素含量变化的研究,结果表明,水分胁迫下甘薯各品种叶片中叶绿素a、叶绿素b及总叶绿素含量比对照均有所下降,叶绿素a/b比值比对照也有所下降,且叶绿素a/b比值占对照百分率与品种抗旱性呈极显著负相关(r=-0.8509,P＜0.01).因此,可以用叶绿素a/b比值下降的程度来评定甘薯品种的抗旱性.  相似文献