饲粮赖氨酸、蛋氨酸水平对肉鸡胴体组成的影响     

呙于明  周毓平  丁角立 《动物营养学报》1989,(1)

本试验研究了日粮中不同水平的蛋氨酸、赖氨酸含量对罗曼肉鸡的腹脂重、腹脂率、胴体脂肪、蛋白及水分含量等胴体指标的影响。结果表明,在日粮含1.0％,1.05％,1.30％及1.45％的各赖氨酸水平下,肉鸡的饲料转化率(F/G),增重及上述几项胴体指标无显著差异(P>0.05)。至于日粮含0.30％,0.45％,0.60％及0.75％的各蛋氨酸水平,对肉鸡饲料转化率、增重、胴体水份、蛋白及脂肪率均无显著差异(P>0.05)。脂肪率及腹脂重在0.45％及0.60％的水平组,显著低于0.30％的水平组(P<0.01及P<0.05);0.45％,0.75％及0.60％的水平组间无差异(P<0.05％);0.30％与0.75％的水平组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。胴体干物质中的脂肪率在0.30％及0.60％的处理间存在显著差异(P<0.05),其它水平问的差异不显著,胴体脂肪率随日粮中蛋氨酸水平升高而降低。处理间的采食量无显著差异。以活重与F/G为营养需要的衡量指标,蛋白为20％,代谢能为2.9兆卡/千克的日粮,其蛋氨酸为0.30％,赖氨酸为1.04％是可行的。对于蛋白合成效率高,脂肪沉积少的肉鸡,日粮中的蛋氨酸水平应提高到0.60％。根据获得最佳胴体品质提出的蛋氨酸需要量比根据增重推荐的需要量要高。  相似文献   

不同剂型微量元素在   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李爱杰  陈淑珍  杨淑梅  雷清新  王风雷 《齐鲁渔业》1995,(6)

研究了不同剂型微量元素对中国对虾增重率、成活率、消化率及微量元素在肌肉中积累的影响。增重率以有机态的Ｃａｒｂｏｓａｎ（３０×１０－６）和蛋氨酸资合物（３０×１０－６）为最好，有机态微量元素的增重率高于无机微量元素。对虾对不同剂型的微量元素消化吸收率不同，以Ｃａｒｂｏｓａｎ（３０×１０－６）和蛋氨酸螫合物（３０×１０－６）为最好。维生素Ｃ与微量元素共存时受到破坏，这种现象为本实验首次发现。  相似文献   

蛋氨酸形式和饲粮蛋白质水平对黄羽肉鸡生产性能的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

席鹏彬  林映才  郑春田  余德谦  黄俊文  宋国隆 《中国饲料》2006,(14):20-23

选用1日龄快长型岭南黄羽肉鸡公雏1500只,随机分为5个处理,每处理6个重复,每重复50只鸡,分别饲喂以下5种饲粮:正常蛋白质加Alimet饲粮(处理1)、正常蛋白质加DLM饲粮(处理2)、低蛋白质(比正常水平降低约1.5个百分点)加Alimet饲粮(处理3)、低蛋白质加DLM组饲粮(处理4)、正常蛋白质未加蛋氨酸饲粮(处理5)。结果表明,在等摩尔量有效成分添加基础上,Alimet比DLM更有利于提高黄羽肉鸡生长性能,降低饲料成本和死亡率;饲粮蛋白质水平和蛋氨酸形式对43～63日龄和0～63日龄黄羽肉鸡生长性能的影响存在互作效应,表现为在正常蛋白质水平时添加Alimet对黄羽肉鸡生长性能的改善效果优于DLM,且更有利于降低饲料成本,而在低蛋白质水平时添加Alimet和DLM则无显著差异;在本试验条件下,降低饲粮蛋白质水平会对黄羽肉鸡的生长性能、饲料成本和成活率产生不利影响。  相似文献   

不同类型有机微量元素对母猪乳中微量元素含量及其生产性能的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

沈思军  代蓉  谭会泽  冯定远 《畜牧与兽医》2008,40(1):32-35

本试验选用"长大"二元杂交经产母猪,在母猪妊娠和哺乳期分别饲喂添加3种不同类型微量元素试验日粮:A组为对照组,饲粮中添加的微量元素分别为CuSO4、FeSO4、MnSO4、ZnSO4、Na2SeO3;B组(氨基酸螯合物组),饲粮添加的铁、铜、锰、锌和硒微量元素均为蛋氨酸螯合物;C组(蛋白质螯合物组),饲粮添加的微量元素为蛋白质螯合铁、蛋白质螯合锌、蛋白质螯合锰和酵母硒。结果表明:Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组分别较对照组初乳中锰含量高出了21.05%和5.87%,差异均不显著(P>0.05);Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组分别较对照组初乳中铁含量高于对照组,分别高出17.0%和8.4%,差异不显著(P>0.05);对初乳中锌没有明显影响;对于常乳中各种微量元素含量也无明显影响;提高了窝产活仔数、合格仔数,减少了死仔和干尸的数量,初生窝重Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组分别比Ⅰ组高0.78和0.48kg;Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组断奶窝重分别比Ⅰ组高4.12kg和0.28kg。  相似文献   

Dietary crude protein has minimal effect on the activity of selected enzymes of methionine catabolism in kittens fed diets near-limiting in methionine     

Strieker MJ  Morris JG  Avery EH  Freedland RA  Rogers QR 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2008,92(2):149-156

Previous experiments have shown that increasing the dietary crude protein (CP) of cats does not increase urea cycle enzymes or alanine amino transferase as occurs in rats. Also when an essential amino acid (EAA) is limiting in a diet for growing kittens, the kittens do not exhibit an amino acid imbalance when other EAAs are added to the diet. To study the metabolic basis for these observations which are different from that found in omnivores and herbivores, the hypothesis that increased dietary CP decreases methionine catabolism, so more is spared for growth, was tested. Fifteen male kittens were randomly assigned to one of three dietary treatments. Each diet contained 2.5 g l-methionine/kg diet and 200, 300 or 500 g CP/kg diet. The livers and kidneys were removed and assayed for methionine transaminase (MTA), cystathionase (CASE) and cystathionine synthase (CS). Free amino acid concentrations were determined in liver, kidney and plasma. The 300 and 500 g CP/kg groups had significantly greater kidney weights and body weight gains than the 200 g CP/kg group. Hepatic MTA activity was lower in the 300 than the 200 or 500 g CP/kg groups (p < 0.05). Renal MTA and CASE activities were 35% and 50% greater, respectively, for the 500 g CP/kg group than for the 200 g CP/kg diet group (p < 0.05). Renal CS activities for the 300 and 500 g CP/kg groups were 29% (p > 0.05) and 38% (p < 0.05) greater, respectively, than the 200 g CP/kg group. Cyst(e)ine concentrations were lower in the livers of the 500 g CP/kg group than the 200 g CP/kg group (p < 0.05). Cystathionine was lower in plasma and kidney from the 500 g CP/kg diet group than from the 200 g CP/kg diet group (p < 0.05). It was concluded that the metabolic basis for the increased growth of kittens fed diets marginally limiting in methionine, with increasing concentrations of dietary CP, was not mediated through decreased enzyme activity associated with the catabolism of methionine, but was the result of an increase in food (methionine) intake.  相似文献   

Inclusion of High Methionine Corn in Pullet Diets     

《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2008,17(4):440-445

Synthetic methionine (SM) is routinely added to conventional pullet diets to allow for the formulation of balanced diets. Synthetic methionine, however, is not allowed in organic poultry diets. When SM is not used, diets must be formulated to higher CP levels to achieve the required level of methionine. This study compared inclusion of a commonly used organic corn in pullet starter, grower, and developer diets with a new non-genetically modified high methionine (HM) corn. There were no significant differences in BW gain. The average BW for the pullets on the control and HM corn diets was 1,349 and 1,386 g, respectively. Feed was controlled for most of the study; there were no significant differences in feed consumption or feed efficiency. The results of this study, therefore, indicate that this new HM corn variety is a suitable substitute for organically grown conventional corn varieties in organic pullet diets. The inclusion of HM corn eliminates the need for SM in pullet starter, grower, and developer diets fed to floor-reared Bovan Brown pullets.  相似文献   

Gene expression differences in the methionine remethylation and transsulphuration pathways under methionine restriction and recovery with D,L‐methionine or D,L‐HMTBA in meat‐type chickens          下载免费PDF全文

S. E. Aggrey  F. González‐Cerón  R. Rekaya  Y. Mercier 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2018,102(1):e468-e475

This study examined the molecular mechanisms of methionine pathways in meat‐type chickens where birds were provided with a diet deficient in methionine from 3 to 5 weeks of age. The birds on the deficient diet were then provided with a diet supplemented with either D,L‐methionine or D,L‐HMTBA from 5 to 7 weeks. The diet of the control birds was supplemented with L‐methionine from hatch till 7 weeks of age. We studied the mRNA expression of methionine adenosyltransferase 1, alpha, methionine adenosyltransferase 1, beta, 5‐methyltetrahydrofolate‐homocysteine methyltransferase, 5‐methyltetrahydrofolate‐homocysteine methyltransferase reductase, betaine‐homocysteine S‐methyltransferase, glycine N‐methyltransferase, S‐adenosyl‐L‐homocysteine hydrolase and cystathionine beta synthase genes in the liver, duodenum, Pectoralis (P.) major and the gastrocnemius muscle at 5 and 7 weeks. Feeding a diet deficient in dietary methionine affected body composition. Birds that were fed a methionine‐deficient diet expressed genes that indicated that remethylation occurred via the one‐carbon pathway in the liver and duodenum; however, in the P. major and the gastrocnemius muscles, gene expression levels suggested that homocysteine received methyl from both folate and betaine for remethylation. Birds who were switched from a methionine deficiency diet to one supplemented with either D,L‐methionine or D,L‐HMTBA showed a downregulation of all the genes studied in the liver. However, depending on the tissue or methionine form, either folate or betaine was elicited for remethylation. Thus, mRNA expressions show that genes in the remethylation and transsulphuration pathways were regulated according to tissue need, and there were some differences in the methionine form.  相似文献   

氨基酸——金属螯合物添加剂对虹鳟幼鱼生长的影响     

韩希福  李家成 《河北渔业》1994,(6):7-9

本文研究了蛋氨酸—金属螯合物添加剂对虹鳟幼鱼生长的影响。结果表明,该添加剂组增重比基础饵料组和市售无机盐组略高,饵料系数比其它两组略低。经t测验检验,三组之间的差异不显著,还需要对杂食性或植食性鱼类进一步的实验。  相似文献   

Effects of guanidinoacetic acid supplementation on nitrogen retention and methionine flux in cattle     

Mehrnaz Ardalan  Matt D Miesner  Christopher D Reinhardt  Daniel U Thomson  Cheryl K Armendariz  J Scott Smith  Evan C Titgemeyer 《Journal of animal science》2021,99(6)

Creatine stores high-energy phosphate bonds in muscle and is synthesized in the liver through methylation of guanidinoacetic acid (GAA). Supplementation of GAA may therefore increase methyl group requirements, and this may affect methyl group utilization. Our experiment evaluated the metabolic responses of growing cattle to postruminal supplementation of GAA, in a model where methionine (Met) was deficient, with and without Met supplementation. Seven ruminally cannulated Holstein steers (161 kg initial body weight [BW]) were limit-fed a soybean hull-based diet (2.7 kg/d dry matter) and received continuous abomasal infusions of an essential amino acid (AA) mixture devoid of Met to ensure that no AA besides Met limited animal performance. To provide energy without increasing the microbial protein supply, all steers received ruminal infusions of 200 g/d acetic acid, 200 g/d propionic acid, and 50 g/d butyric acid, as well as abomasal infusions of 300 g/d glucose. Treatments, provided abomasally, were arranged as a 2 × 3 factorial in a split-plot design, and included 0 or 6 g/d of l-Met and 0, 7.5, and 15 g/d of GAA. The experiment included six 10-d periods. Whole body Met flux was measured using continuous jugular infusion of 1-¹³C-l-Met and methyl-²H₃-l-Met. Nitrogen retention was elevated by Met supplementation (P < 0.01). Supplementation with GAA tended to increase N retention when it was supplemented along with Met, but not when it was supplemented without Met. Supplementing GAA linearly increased plasma concentrations of GAA and creatine (P < 0.001), but treatments did not affect urinary excretion of GAA, creatine, or creatinine. Supplementation with Met decreased plasma homocysteine (P < 0.01). Supplementation of GAA tended (P = 0.10) to increase plasma homocysteine when no Met was supplemented, but not when 6 g/d Met was provided. Protein synthesis and protein degradation were both increased by GAA supplementation when no Met was supplemented, but decreased by GAA supplementation when 6 g/d Met were provided. Loss of Met through transsulfuration was increased by Met supplementation, whereas synthesis of Met from remethylation of homocysteine was decreased by Met supplementation. No differences in transmethylation, transsulfuration, or remethylation reactions were observed in response to GAA supplementation. The administration of GAA, when methyl groups are not limiting, has the potential to improve lean tissue deposition and cattle growth.  相似文献   

Effect of lysine and methionine supplementation to a soy protein concentrate diet for red sea bream Pagrus major   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Shusaku Takagi  Sadao Shimeno  Hidetsuyo Hosokawa  Masaharu Ukawa 《Fisheries Science》2001,67(6):1088-1096

  相似文献