Plankton abundance and size structure in the northern North Pacific Ocean in early summer   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

TSUNEO ODATE 《Fisheries Oceanography》1994,3(4):267-278

Phyto- and zooplankton abundance and size structure were investigated in the northern North Pacific Ocean (37.0–49.5^oN along 180^o longitude) during June of 1987. The area between 41.5^oN and 47.5^oN was expected to be abundant in phytoplankton since both water column stability and nutrient availability were favourable for phytoplankton growth. Actual phytoplankton abundance was, however, low between 41.5^oN and 45.5^oN. In particular, abundance of net phytoplankton (>10μm) was low although picophytoplankton (<2 μm) was abundant between 41.5^oN and 43.5^oN. The zooplankton community between 41.5^oN and 45.5^oN was characterized by a large amount of net zooplankton and a small amount of microzooplankton. This situation may be best explained by top-down control; that is, net zooplankton grazing suppressed net phytoplankton and microzooplankton abundance. The diminished microzooplankton promoted the increase of picophytoplankton. Because planktivorous Pacific saury were abundant between 40.0^oN and 41.0^oN, it is further speculated that the low biomass of net zooplankton south of 41.0^oN resulted from feeding by Pacific saury. The reduced grazing pressure of net zooplankton may have enhanced the growth of net phytoplankton and microzooplankton in this region.  相似文献   

应用于冷水鱼养殖的臭氧-氨氮反应塔设计及试验     

曹广斌  ;程启云  ;韩世成  ;周煊亦  ;蒋树义  ;陈忠祥 《大连海洋大学学报》2014,(4):403-408

为了处理冷水鱼养殖过程中养殖水体内积累的氨氮,基于气泡流体力学原理,根据臭氧气泡在水体中的运动、溶解扩散和大小变化方程,设计了一种双层逆流臭氧反应塔,并在工厂化养殖试验系统中进行了臭氧氧化氨氮效果试验和养殖水体臭氧残留浓度监测试验。结果表明,利用该反应塔进行臭氧催化氧化氨氮,可以去除养殖水体中54%的氨氮,处理效果较好;对养殖水体臭氧浓度监测表明,臭氧在水中的残留浓度低于0.01 mg/L,符合养殖鱼类对水体臭氧浓度的安全要求。通过设计、研制和试验,证明双层逆流臭氧氧化反应塔结构合理、氧化反应充分,达到了设计高效臭氧氧化氨氮设备的目的。  相似文献   

Annual weather variability and its influence on the population dynamics of Calanus finmarchicus     

GÜNTHER RADACH  FRANCOIS CARLOTTI  & ANDREAS SPANGENBERG 《Fisheries Oceanography》1998,7(3-4):272-281

The reaction of the population of Calanus finmarchicus to relatively extreme annual cycles of weather in the North Sea was investigated by one-dimensional model simulations. A population dynamics model for C. finmarchicus was coupled with a physical and a biological upper-layer model for phosphate, phytoplankton and detritus to simulate the development of the successive stages of C. finmarchicus. Observed annual weather cycles were used to drive the physical water column model, the results of which were then input to the plankton model. The simulations yielded the temporal development of all stages of C. finmarchicus over an annual cycle in terms of numbers and weights. Compared with the results reported for 1984 by Carlotti and Radach (1996; Limnol . Oceanogr . 41: 522–539), it appears that the temporal range for the occurrence of the peak concentration of C. finmarchicus may be 2 weeks in the northern North Sea. The simulated variability is in accordance with observations. Years with more continuous primary production such as the year 1984, which was cloudy and windy during the summer, may then provide the optimum conditions with respect to producing an abundance of zooplankton during the following year.  相似文献   

Calcification of intervertebral discs in the dachshund. A radiographic study of 327 young dogs.     

O Stigen 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》1991,32(2):197-203

The vertebral columns of 327 clinically normal, 12 to 18 months old dachshunds, were x-rayed. This sample represented 16.1% of all dachshunds registered with the Norwegian Kennel Club in the period 1986-1988. Calcified intervertebral discs were identified in 79 (24.2%) of the dogs and the number of calcified discs in each individual varied from 1 to 11 with a mean of 2.3. Calcified discs were estimated to occur in 23.5% of Norwegian dachshunds. The occurrence of calcified discs in standard-sized dachshunds was higher in the wirehaired variety (27.1%) than in the smoothcoated (16.4%) or longhaired (9.1%) varieties. However, within the longhaired variety the occurrence was higher in dwarfs and kaninchens (36.0%) than in standard-sized dachshunds (9.1%). Calcification was identified in all cervical, thoracic and lumbar intervertebral discs other than T1-2, and was found to be most frequent in the caudal thoracic vertebral column.  相似文献   

计算刚架的矩阵迭代法     

申继勤 《河北农业大学学报》1991,14(3):84-89

本文在迭代法基础上推导出矩阵迭代法的计算公式。用以编制程序,可节省容量,尤其适用于袖珍计算机。  相似文献   

论高校社科学报特色栏目的策划与建设     

苏慧 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2006,(4)

分析了高校社科学报目前存在的诸多问题:一是数量多,刊名相似;二是特色趋同,影响小;三是办刊模式陈旧,市场意识缺乏。认为高校社科学报在市场竞争中生存下去的手段是开办特色栏目,并指出设置特色栏目的方法:找准特色,开发作者群,选择好学术带头人。  相似文献   

作物育种品系试验四种分析方法比较     

徐绍忠  杨德  廖晓虹  毛孝强 《作物学报》2003,29(1):119-122

用水稻、小麦和大豆的8个三重复品系试验的产量结果, 进行了作物育种品系试验的三种分析方法与随机完全区组分析(RB)的比较. 此三种分析方法分别是, 行列区组分析(RC)、行列区组及近邻小区分析(RCN)和行列区组及以小区丛数为协变量的协方差近邻分析(COV). 结果表明, 以误差均方作为相对效率指标, RC、 RCN、 COV相对于RB的平  相似文献   

Experimental Study on a Prestressed Frame of Two Spans Under Unsymmetric Load     

HUANG Yin  ZHAO Bo  XU Shi-tong  WANG Zheng-lin 《保鲜与加工》2005,(6):98-101

By the experimental study on a full-dimensioned prestressed frame of two spans, the relative factors are analyzed such as relative height of equivalent compression zone in critical section, secondary moment, ratio of beam rigidity to column and development of cracks in the top of columns etc., which influence the moment distribution of the post-tensioned prestressed concrete frame from the side of internal force redistribution. It is believed that that the factors of relative height of concrete equivalent compression zone and secondary moment influence the moment modulation in most degree, and ratio of column rigidity to beam also plays a part in the moment modulation to some extent. Second, the plastic joints of frame with excessive spans exit in the span which endure the whole load, at last the whole frame is destroyed because of the destruction of the loading frame, the influence to the non-loading span is little.  相似文献   

Tracing Pharmaceuticals in the Unsaturated Zone (10 pp)     

Traugott J. Scheytt  Petra Mersmann  Elzbieta Rejman-Rasinski  Anja These 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2007,7(2):75-84

Background, Aim and Scope   One of the first occurrences of pharmaceutically active compounds in groundwater was reported from the sewage irrigation farms south of Berlin. At these sewage irrigation farms treated sewage effluent passed the soil and unsaturated zone before reaching the aquifer. Clofibric acid was detected in pore water from soils of those sewage irrigation farms in concentrations between 65 ng/L and 1430 ng/L. The aim of this study was to investigate the transport behavior of regularly detected clofibric acid, diclofenac, ibuprofen, and propyphenazone under conditions comparable to those at the sewage irrigation farms in a multiple compound sand column laboratory experiment. Materials and Methods   Sediment column experiments were conducted to study the transport of pharmaceuticals in the unsaturated zone. The migration was measured in fine to medium grained sand and leaching solution containing 1 mg/L of pharmaceutically active compounds and 61 mg/L of the tracer lithium chloride (LiCl). For the analysis of the pharmaceutical compounds the water samples were adjusted to a pH value of 2 and then extracted by solid-phase extraction (SPE). Before extraction, the samples were spiked with a surrogate standard for analytical quality control. The sample extracts were analyzed by capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) with selected ion monitoring (SIM). Depending on the sample volume (100 to 200 mL) and the matrix, the limits of detection were between 1 and 10 ng/L, and the limits of quantitation were between 5 and 25 ng/L. Analysis for calcium, magnesium and lithium were carried out using a 'Trace Scan' ICP-AES from Thermo Jarrel Ash. Sodium, potassium, iron and manganese were analyzed using a Philips PU 9400 flame AAS. Analysis of anions was performed on a Dionex ion chromatograph DX 120. Results   At the sewage irrigation farms the average concentrations of clofibric acid in the unsaturated zone declined from higher values near ground surface (480 ng/L) to lower values near the groundwater table (65 ng/L). From the pharmaceuticals analyzed only clofibric acid, primidone and propyphenazone could be analyzed in the first (upper) aquifer at the sewage irrigation farms. All other pharmaceuticals could neither be detected in the first aquifer nor in the deeper aquifers. Breakthrough curves from soil column experiments revealed no transformation and no retardation for clofibric acid, whereas transformation of diclofenac was so high (79%) that no retardation factor could be calculated. Ibuprofen was significantly transformed (37%), transformation of propyphenazone (17%) was quite low and retardation (Rf = 2.05) was in the range of previously conducted column experiments. Discussion   The results confirm previously conducted experiments with clofibric acid where this compound was identified as highly mobile and persistent. The results that diclofenac and ibuprofen are significantly transformed where unexpected as other studies exhibited much lower transformation under saturated conditions at least for diclofenac. However, lower pH values and higher oxygen contents in the unsaturated zone compared to the aquifer may explain this observed high transformation of these compounds at the column experiments. Conclusions   We conclude that irrigation with sewage effluent containing the compounds used in our experiments will lead to an input into groundwater of clofibric acid, whereas diclofenac and ibuprofen will most likely be transformed during the passage. Propyphenazone will be retarded but will most likely occur in groundwater. These results from the column experiments coincide very well with the occurrence of the pharmaceuticals clofibric acid, primidone, and propyphenazone in the first aquifer. Recommendations and Perspective  : The results underline the need to study the sorption of pharmaceuticals on various materials. e.g. organic matter, surfaces at pH values occurring in the unsaturated zone. Future field studies will also include the investigation of desorption behavior in the unsaturated zone.  相似文献   

宁波保国寺大殿瓜棱柱内部构造初探   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈勇平  王天龙  李华  刘秀英  余如龙 《林业科学》2011,47(4)

利用无损检测法对宁波保国寺大殿承重的瓜棱柱进行勘查和取样,根据阻力仪曲线的轮廓外形和走势,辅助不同的进针方向,推断瓜棱柱的内部构造,为大殿的保护和修缮提供基础数据支持。结果表明:保国寺大殿中C5,C6,D6,E3,E6,F3,F4,F5,F6为整木柱;D4,D5,E4,E5为瓜棱拼合柱;C4,D3为包镶式瓜棱柱;C3为一特定构造柱。  相似文献