赣江流域基于水量分配方案的非汛期水量调度方案编制方法研究     

邓坤  刘聚涛  成静清  杨永生  胡久伟 《节水灌溉》2012,(7):60-62,65

赣江流域位于南方丰水地区,近年来非汛期水资源供需矛盾突出。为应对可能出现的水资源短缺问题,解决"四生"需水的冲突,需要制定非汛期的水量调度方案。基于赣江流域水量分配方案,探讨了水量调度的总体思路结构,提出了来水预报和需水分析的方法,确定了水量调度的目标、原则和范围以及水量调度三级启动条件,最后制定了调度方案编制流程及方法。调度方案的实施可为丰水地区非汛期开展类似工作积累一定经验。  相似文献   

Digestibility of dietary components and amino acids in plant protein feed ingredients in striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) fingerlings     

C.T. Da  T. Lundh  J.E. Lindberg 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2013,19(4):619-628

The apparent digestibility (AD) of dietary components, energy and essential amino acids (EAA) of selected locally available plant protein feed ingredients in striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) fingerlings was studied. The AD of the test ingredients (ADi) differed (P < 0.05) and ranged from 66.2 to 89.6% for ADi_DM, from 63.6 to 91.3% for ADi_CP, from 65.4 to 85.3% for ADi_OM and from 69.8 to 89.3% for ADi_GE. The highest ADi_DM, ADi_OM and ADi_GE in the test ingredients was obtained for broken rice, maize meal and soybean meal, while the lowest values were obtained for duckweed meal. Soybean meal and duckweed meal had the highest ADi_CP, while there were no differences (P > 0.05) between the other test ingredients. The AD of total and individual EAA was higher in soybean meal, duckweed meal and broken rice than in the other test feed ingredients (P < 0.05). The lowest AD of individual EAA was found in maize meal, followed by cassava leaf meal and sweet potato leaf meal (P < 0.05). The low AD of individual plant feed ingredients may limit their potential to be used as replacement for fish meal in the feed.  相似文献   

Digestibility of dietary components and amino acids in animal and plant protein feed ingredients in striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) fingerlings     

C.T. Da  T. Lundh  J.E. Lindberg 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2013,19(5):741-750

The apparent digestibility (AD) of dietary components, energy and essential amino acids (EAA) of selected locally available animal and plant protein feed ingredients in striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) fingerlings was studied. The AD of the test ingredients (ADi) differed (P < 0.05) and ranged from 81.1% to 90.8%, for ADi_DM, from 84.0% to 95.0% for ADi_CP, from 78.4% to 86.9% for ADi_OM and from 79.0% to 87.8% for ADi_GE. The highest ADi_DM, ADi_CP and ADi_OM in the test ingredients were found for shrimp head meal, catfish by‐product meal, golden apple snail and groundnut cake, while the lowest values were obtained for earthworm meal and rice bran. The highest ADi_GE was found in rice bran, followed by golden apple snail and catfish by‐product meal, while there were no differences (P < 0.05) between the other test ingredients, except for earthworm meal. The AD of total and individual EAA was high in catfish by‐product meal and shrimp head meal, followed by decreasing AD in golden apple snail, groundnut cake, rice bran and earthworm meal ingredients (P < 0.05). The low AD of earthworm meal may limit its potential to be used as replacement for fish meal in the feed.  相似文献   

线性规划法在动物饲料配方优化设计中应用     

崔春红 《安徽农业科学》2011,39(12):7278+7282-7278,7282

根据线性规划数学模型对产蛋率〈65%的蛋鸡饲料配方进行优化设计,给出了最低成本的饲料配方方案。  相似文献   

采用三角坐标图法快速筛选5%己唑醇悬浮剂配方   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

张大侠  刘峰  张贵森  陈波  杨晓楠 《中国农业科学》2011,44(12):2469-2475

 【目的】建立快速筛选己唑醇悬浮剂最佳配方的实用方法。【方法】以5%己唑醇悬浮剂配方为例,将悬浮剂体系分为润湿分散体系和抗沉降体系,分别运用于三角坐标图法。将确定的3个供筛因素,作为三角坐标系的3个顶点,并研磨3个母液,再按照配方利用10 000转/min剪切条件进行调配制得配方,选用重要且快速简单的性能评价指标如粘度、贮存析水率、悬浮率和分散性等,在得到质量较优的配方区域的基础上,进一步筛选得到最优配方。【结果】得到了5%己唑醇悬浮剂理想的配方：5%己唑醇,0.5%NP-10,1%1602,3.5%木质素磺酸钠,0.025%黄原胶,2%硅酸镁铝,2.5%钠基膨润土,3%乙二醇,水补至100%。筛选过程中共需要约1 040 g样品,研磨和调制配方共耗时约13 h,比全部采用砂磨工艺可节省时间3/4,节省原材料1/2以上。【结论】三角坐标图法操作简便、节省材料,提高了悬浮剂配方筛选的科学性和效率,具有良好的实用性。  相似文献   

Influence of application volume on the efficacy of clodinafop-propargyl and fenoxaprop-P-ethyl on oats     

C GAUVRIT  & T LAMRANI 《Weed Research》2008,48(1):78-84

The influence of application volume on the efficacy of clodinafop‐propargyl and fenoxaprop‐P‐ethyl on cultivated oats (Avena sativa) was studied in the glasshouse. Both herbicides were more efficacious when applied in 75 L ha^?1 than in 300 L ha^?1, with 11002 and 11006 nozzles respectively. However, when the same two volume rates were created by varying the speed of a 11003 nozzle, clodinafop‐propargyl efficacy was not affected by application volume, whereas fenoxaprop‐P‐ethyl remained more efficacious at 75 L ha^?1. This suggests that in the first experiment, fenoxaprop‐P‐ethyl efficacy was affected by changes in both spray quality and concentration, whereas only the former influenced clodinafop‐propargyl efficacy. The hypothesis that the fenoxaprop‐P‐ethyl formulation was more influenced by concentration than clodinafop‐propargyl was supported by dynamic surface tension studies and measures of active ingredient retention by oat plants. Within the practically relevant concentration range considered, surface activity of clodinafop‐propargyl remained low, with little influence on herbicide retention. In contrast, depending on the concentration, surface activity of fenoxaprop‐P‐ethyl was below or above levels that were critical for its retention. Although these differences may not be as apparent in the field as in the glasshouse, our study certainly indicates that both clodinafop‐propargyl and fenoxaprop‐P‐ethyl are herbicides favoured by low application volumes.  相似文献   

除草剂剂型的研究与发展     

温晓甜  叶非 《植物保护》2008,34(2):13-16

除草剂的普遍应用带动了剂型的迅速发展,同时许多新剂型和先进技术的应用,也使除草剂的发展有了更广阔的空间。本文对除草剂剂型进行了总体介绍,概述了其研究现状及改良方向,展望了未来除草剂剂型的研发趋势。  相似文献   

The evaluation of practical diets on a basis of digestible crude protein,lysine and methionine for Litopenaeus vannamei     

J.‐D. Ye  X.‐H. Liu  J.‐H. Kong  K. Wang  Y.‐Z. Sun  C.‐X. Zhang  S.‐W. Zhai  K. Song 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2012,18(6):651-661

A feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of replacing fish meal (FM) with blood meal (BM), poultry by‐product meal (PBM), meat and bone meal (MBM) and shrimp head meal (SHM), rapeseed meal (RM) and peanut meal (PM) on a digestible basis of crude protein and lysine and methionine in five practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp at the FM levels of 300, 250, 200, 150 and 100 g kg^?1 under laboratory conditions. Each of the five experimental diets was hand‐fed to four replicate tanks of shrimp with an average weight of 0.33 ± 0.03 g to satiation at each meal. The shrimp were fed three times a day over a six‐week period. The per cent weight gain of initial body weight (WG%) was significantly lower in shrimp fed 100 g kg^?1 FM diet, but the value for hepatosomatic index (HSI) and the level of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) tended to be higher in shrimp fed 100 g kg^?1 FM diet than those in shrimp fed other diets. The lowest value for feeding rate (FR) occurred for shrimp fed the basal diet and was significantly lower than that in shrimp fed the FM diets at 100–150 g kg^?1. Shrimp fed diets containing 200 g kg^?1 or lower FM had significantly lower feed utilization than those fed the 250 g kg^?1 FM diet and the basal diet. The protein efficiency ratio (PER) in the shrimp fed the basal diet was significantly higher than in the other FM diets. Decreasing the FM replacement level significantly reduced nutrient digestibility except in the cases of ash and gross energy, but it did not affect the survival, condition factor (CF), body composition, digestive enzyme activity or plasma transaminase activity. The results of the study indicate that feeding a diet formulated on a digestible basis and involving FM replacement with other protein sources at a greater replacement proportion will not produce a level of shrimp growth equal to that achieved by feeding the basal diet.  相似文献   

Understanding the impact of growing conditions on oysters: a study of their sensory and biochemical characteristics          下载免费PDF全文

Maëva Cochet  Malcolm Brown  Peter Kube  Nick Elliott  Conor Delahunty 《Aquaculture Research》2015,46(3):637-646

  相似文献   

Co-Treatment of EFF and 1-MCP for Enhancing the Shelf-Life and Aroma Volatile Compounds of Oriental Sweet Melons (Cucumis melo var. makuwa Makino)          下载免费PDF全文

BAI Xiao-hang  TENG Lu-hua  Lü De-qing  QI Hong-yan 《农业科学学报》2014,13(1):217-227

Compared to other melon types, oriental sweet melon (Cucumis melo var. makuwa Makino) is quite a different species with a shorter shelf-life due to its typical climacteric behavior and thin pericarp. The purpose of this experiment is to explore the effects of co- treatment of enhanced freshness formulation (EFF) and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on physiological changes and the content of aroma volatile compounds introduced by them of two oriental sweet melon cultivars (Yumeiren and Tianbao) during storage. The melons were stored in incubators with temperature of 15°C and a relative humidity of 85% for 24 d during which fruit quality and related physiological index were measured. Compared to the control, both treatments delayed fruit weight loss rate and kept the fruit firmness, water content and soluble solids content. Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activities showed fluctuations in treated melons, while lipoxygenase (LOX) activity (P<0.01) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content (P<0.05) decreased compared to control. During the early stage of storage, alcohols and aldehydes were the main volatile compounds, and esters gradually increased during storage. Of all the esters, acetic esters were the main components, followed by oxalic acid esters and other esters. The total content of aroma volatile compounds, esters, alcohols and aldehydes of co-treated melons were all higher than those of 1-MCP treated and control melons. In addition, the aroma volatile peak of co-treated melons occurred later than that of 1-MCP treated and control melons. In summary, co-treatment of EFF and 1-MCP was more beneficial than 1-MCP treatment to delay ripening and senescence, maintain fruit quality, enhance shelf-life and improve levels of aroma volatile compounds.  相似文献