Noncontinuous Development of Reducing Conditions in Wetland Soils     

《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(11-12):1775-1781

Abstract

Soil aeration status in relation to water table was analyzed by contour mapping in a forested wetland, an emergent marsh, and an irrigated rice field. Two soil aeration status indicators, oxygen (O₂) and redox potential (Eh), showed a significant correlation (P<0.01). Soil O₂ and Eh levels generally decreased with the water table rise in the forested wetland and marsh, but with a noncontinuous pattern. The results indicate that soil aeration status could be temporally improved at an optimum water table level, probably due to O₂ transport by wetland plants. The soil Eh in the rice fields clearly showed a seasonal pattern regardless of the water tables.  相似文献   

地统计学在湿地土壤养分空间异质性研究中的应用     

白军红  余国营  王国平 《农业环境科学学报》2001,20(5):311-314

在地统计学的区域化变量理论和变异函数的基础上建立了一套对湿地土壤养分的空间异质性进行定量化的较系统且完整研究的方法,通过向海湿地的案例研究证实了该方法在湿地土壤养分空间异质性研究中具有较强的操作性和准确性。  相似文献   

人工湿地的研究进展     

盖静  尚文平  郭汉全 《勤云标准版测试》2007,(11)

人工湿地具有相当显著的生态环境效益,不仅可作为自然湿地在量上的有效补充,更可缓解现存自然湿地所受到的威胁和环境压力,是湿地保育的有力措施。通过查阅大量资料探求人工湿地相关问题,对其研究现状进行归纳、阐述,分析人工湿地研究中存在的问题,并对其在不同领域的应用做了展望。  相似文献   

滇池王家庄湖滨带人工湿地农业径流中磷去除的干湿季节性规律   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：5  

卢少勇  张彭义  余刚  祝万鹏  向长生 《农业环境科学学报》2006,25(5):1313-1317

王家庄人工湿地(面积12 000 m2)位于云南滇池东岸呈贡县,湿地进水来自5条农业区汇水干渠,经矩形堰均匀布水后流过湿地。湿地于2002年8月起运行,初期优势植物为茭草(Zizania latifolia)、芦苇(Phragmites communis Trin)、莲藕(Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn)、菖蒲(Acorus calamus)、空心莲子草(Alternanthera philoxeroides)和水芋(Calla palustris),7个月后,莲藕完全被水花生所替代。采用现场采样及室内分析的方法,研究了湿地对农业径流中磷去除的季节性规律。结果表明,2002年10月至2004年6月,湿地具有良好的拦截进水磷的能力,有效降低了农业区农业径流对滇池的污染。进水总磷(TP)负荷为241(旱季,每年10月至翌年4月)和199(雨季,每年5月至9月)g.hm-.2d-1,TP浓度为0.04￣3.21(旱季)和0.00￣1.44(雨季)mg.L-1。出水TP浓度沿程1/3处为0.03￣0.49(旱季,每年11月至翌年4月)和0.03￣0.71(雨季,每年5月至10月)mg.L-1,沿程2/3处为0.00￣0.68(旱季)和0.00￣0.73(雨季)mg.L-1。TP去除率沿程1/3处为-73.7%￣82.8%(旱季)和-215%￣79.3%(雨季),沿程2/3处为-367%￣100%(旱季)和-262%￣93.1%(雨季)。受雨水稀释和停留时间变短的影响,雨季的TP去除率低于旱季。受滇池水位和湿地出水水位的影响,旱季时湿地TP的去除呈现“V”字型规律,雨季时湿地TP去除率沿程降低。总体而言,来水中的磷、有机质和速效铁以沿程逐渐降低的方式分布于湿地表层土壤中。秋末冬初时(每年11月至12月),菖蒲的含水率和生物量(鲜重)均比春季(每年3月至5月)的低,而生物量(干重)比春季的高。菖蒲从11月到12月仍在生长发育。  相似文献   

试论鄱阳湖湿地资源可持续发展的制度创新     

戴天放 《江西农业大学学报》2002,24(5):667-670

以可持续发展战略为指导 ,站在市场经济的角度 ,运用西方经济学和新制度经济学的原理 ,分析指出鄱阳湖湿地资源保护与合理开发利用的经济本质是实现湿地资源的有效配置 ,并从理论上探讨了产生鄱阳湖湿地问题的制度根源———市场和政府配置湿地资源手段失灵 ,提出了解决鄱阳湖湿地问题必须进行制度创新的切入点 ,即构建绿色经济制度。  相似文献   

Determining tolerance limits for restoration and phytoremediation with Spartina patens in crude oil-contaminated sediment in greenhouse     

Qianxin Lin  Irving A. Mendelssohn 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(6):681-690

Oil spills may detrimentally damage sensitive coastal habitats, such as coastal wetlands. Successful restoration of oiled habitats primarily depends on the tolerance of vegetation transplants to oil. In this study, tolerance limits of the dominant coastal brackish marsh plant Spartina patens to South Louisiana crude (SLC) oil and its phytoremediation effectiveness on petroleum hydrocarbons in wetland sediments were investigated in the greenhouse environment. Spartina patens was transplanted into brackish marsh sediments contaminated with SLC oil at concentrations of 0, 40, 80, 160, 320, 640 and 800 mg SLC oil g^?1 dry sediment. High oil concentrations adversely affected plant stem density, aboveground biomass and belowground biomass even one year after transplantation. At the 320 mg g^?1 oil dosage, plant belowground biomass was significantly lower than the control although aboveground variables were not significantly different from the control. All plant parameters mentioned above at the 640 mg g^?1 oil dosage were less than 50% of the control. Spartina patens did not survive the 800 mg g^?1 oil dosage. The tolerance limit of S. patens to SLC was estimated about 320 mg oil g^?1 dry sediment. In addition, S. patens transplants enhanced oil degradation in the sediment; concentrations of residual total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) in the sediments vegetated by S. patens were significantly lower than those of un-vegetated sediments for both the surface and subsurface sediment at the 40 and 160 mg g^?1 SLC oil dosages. Decreases in the concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) further demonstrated the capacity of S. patens to phytoremediate residual oil; residual total targeted PAHs in the phytoremediation treatment were less than 20% of the un-vegetated treatment at the 40 mg g^?1 oil dosage. These results demonstrated the potential of phytoremediation with S. patens to simultaneously restore and remediate petroleum-contaminated coastal marsh habitats.  相似文献   

污水处理厂尾水处理的人工湿地设计（英文）     

李昆  王玲  李兆华  苗纪法  王祥荣 《农业科学与技术》2015,(3):568-572,582

以武当山污水处理厂尾水处理的人工湿地工程为例,通过对潜流型人工湿地的工艺流程、污染负荷、湿地床结构、基质材料、植被选择及水力条件等设计参数的分析,设计了占地面积为7 227 m2的潜流型人工湿地,每天可处理7 000 m3的污水处理厂尾水,系统每年可减排COD 25.55、BOD525.55、TN12.78、TP 1.28、NH3-N 17.89 t,出水可达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB18918-2002)的一级A标准。  相似文献   

Impact of seawater intrusion control on the environment,land use and household incomes in a coastal area     

T.?P.?TuongEmail author  S.?P.?Kam  C.?T.?Hoanh  L.?C.?Dung  N.?T.?Khiem  J.?Barr  D.?C.?Ben 《Paddy and Water Environment》2003,1(2):65-73

Agricultural production in the coastal wetlands of Asia is often hindered by salinity intrusion caused by tidal fluctuation. This paper reports changes in environmental and socio-economic conditions that followed the phased construction and operation of sluices for controlling seawater intrusion from 1994 –2000 in a coastal area of the Mekong River Delta, Vietnam. Canal water salinity decreased rapidly upstream of sluices, allowing rice cropping intensification and increased rice production in the eastern part of the study area. However, the livelihoods of farmers in the western part were adversely affected due to cessation of supply of brackish water that was needed for brackish-water shrimp farming, while the acid sulphate soils present there posed problems for rice cultivation. The poor farmers and landless people suffered more because the fishery resource that they depended on declined sharply due to reduced salinity and increased acidity in the canal water. The findings confirmed that the environment and resource use in the coastal lands are very sensitive to external intervention. A clear understanding of the socio-economic and environmental impacts of salinity control measures in coastal areas can help planning to enhance farmers' incomes while minimizing negative environmental impacts. Land-use policy formulation, planning and management should adopt a more holistic approach, taking into account the interests of all resource users, especially the poor, instead of focusing on any particular sector.  相似文献   

茭白-水稻人工湿地对不同处理梯度生活污水的净化研究     

吴晓斐  何源  黄治平  张丹丹 《安徽农业大学学报》2021,48(5):834-841

为明确利用农田人工湿地对农村生活污水进行资源化利用的可行性,选用茭白-水稻轮作种植模式下的人工湿地系统,通过室内盆栽试验开展了生活污水原水、厌氧出水、接触氧化出水和尾水等4种处理梯度污水灌溉茭白和水稻的研究,分析两种植物对化学需氧量、氨氮和总磷的净化效果以及植物丙二醛含量的变化.结果 表明:茭白和水稻对生活污水原水的处理效果最好,对接触氧化出水的总磷去除效果较差;水稻对化学需氧量、氨氮和总磷的整体去赊效果优于茭白;随着污水处理程度的提高,植物对氨磷的消纳量逐渐增加;污水灌溉在不同程度上促进了茭白、水稻的生长发育.研究表明茭白-水稻轮作在高浓度污水处理中可发挥巨大优势,且有利于茭白、水稻生长发育.  相似文献   

Carbon sequestration in artificial silicate soils facilitated by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and glomalin-related soil protein     

Yejin Son  Kevin Stott  David A. C. Manning  Julia M. Cooper 《European Journal of Soil Science》2021,72(2):863-870

  相似文献