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考察了具有不同孔结构的椰壳活性炭对肌酐(CR)的吸附性能,研究了比表面积、孔径分布与肌酐吸附性能的关系,采用准一级、准二级和颗粒内扩散动力学模型对吸附数据拟合处理,确定了模型参数。试验结果表明:1~2.5 nm的微孔对肌酐吸附有利,平均孔径在2.2 nm附近的椰壳活性炭肌酐吸附量为104 mg/g;活性炭对肌酐的吸附能力取决于比表面积,总孔容,微孔率的共同作用。颗粒内扩散吸附并不是唯一的速率控制过程,椰壳活性炭对肌酐的吸附过程更符合准二级动力学模型t/qt=1/k2q2e+t/qe,相关系数均在0.99以上,表明吸附过程存在化学吸附。 相似文献
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Sumin Ji Yeseul Yang Yeji Jeong Sung-Hyun Hwang Myung-Chul Kim Yongbaek Kim 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2021,22(1)
BackgroundQuantitation of urine protein is important in dogs with chronic kidney disease. Various analyzers are used to measure urine protein-to-creatinine ratios (UPCR).ObjectivesThis study aimed to compare the UPCR obtained by three types of analyzers (automated wet chemistry analyzer, in-house dry chemistry analyzer, and dipstick reading device) and investigate whether the differences could affect clinical decision process.MethodsUrine samples were collected from 115 dogs. UPCR values were obtained using three analyzers. Bland-Altman and Passing Bablok tests were used to analyze agreement between the UPCR values. Urine samples were classified as normal or proteinuria based on the UPCR values obtained by each analyzer and concordance in the classification evaluated with Cohen''s kappa coefficient.ResultsPassing and Bablok regression showed that there were proportional as well as constant difference between UPCR values obtained by a dipstick reading device and those obtained by the other analyzers. The concordance in the classification of proteinuria was very high (κ = 0.82) between the automated wet chemistry analyzer and in-house dry chemistry analyzer, while the dipstick reading device showed moderate concordance with the automated wet chemistry analyzer (κ = 0.52) and in-house dry chemistry analyzer (κ = 0.53).ConclusionsAlthough the urine dipstick test is simple and a widely used point-of-care test, our results indicate that UPCR values obtained by the dipstick test are not appropriate for clinical use. Inter-instrumental variability may affect clinical decision process based on UPCR values and should be emphasized in veterinary practice. 相似文献
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Neiger RD Hagemoser WA 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》1985,14(1):31-35
Renal percent clearance ratios for various electrolytes were determined on nine clinically normal Holstein heifers. Endogenous creatinine serum and urine levels were used to calculate the ratios. The average percent clearance ratios and standard deviations of Na, K, Cl, P, and Ca were 1.97+/-0.63, 49.3+/-9.2, 3.16+/-1.l2, 15.6+/-14.3, and 1.38+/-1.41, respectively. The correlation between Na and Cl percent clearance ratios within a sample was 0.92. A very strong direct correlation of urine creatinine and urine specific gravity was demonstrated. 相似文献
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Florian Karl Zeugswetter Theresa Polsterer Herbert Krempl Ilse Schwendenwein 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2019,103(1):324-330
Objective of this study was to demonstrate the ubiquitous presence of glucose in urine of euglycemic cats by a highly sensitive glucose assay. The local electronic database was searched for results of quantitative urine glucose measurements in cats. A total of 325 feline urine glucose measurements were identified, of which 303 (93%) had been submitted by one of the co‐authors working in a near‐by small animal practice. After the exclusion of patients with kidney disease (n = 60), hyperthyroidism (n = 15), diabetes mellitus (n = 11), multiple diseases (n = 9) or steroid treatment (n = 3), as well as serial measurements (n = 87) and outliers (n = 8), the final study population consisted of 132 cats. Urine creatinine concentration was unavailable in five patients. Whereas all but one cat had glucose concentrations above the detection limit of the assay (0.11 mmol/L, Gluco‐quant Enzyme Kit/Roche Diagnostics), no positive glucose dipstick test result (Combur 9‐Test, Roche Diagnostics) was observed. The median (range) of urinary glucose concentration and the glucose‐to‐creatinine ratio (UGCR) was 0.389 (<0.11–1.665) mmol/L and 0.0258 (0.007–0.517) respectively. The UGCR was not affected by age, gender, breed or leukocyturia, whereas cats with hematuria had slightly higher values. Data show that so‐called “basal glucosuria” is present in the majority of cats and by no means diagnostic for diabetes mellitus or renal glucosuria. This has to be considered when using bio‐analytical methods with a low limit of quantification. 相似文献
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