基于高斯自适应拟合的苹果目标分割方法研究     

张润浩  李军  任静  宋怀波 《农机化研究》2015,(6):13-17

苹果目标的准确识别是苹果机械化采摘需要解决的关键问题之一。为此,基于YUV颜色空间模型,提出了一种结合色差分量与高斯自适应拟合算法的苹果目标分割方法。该方法采用首先将苹果目标由RGB颜色空间转换至YUV颜色空间,并利用色差分量V建立果实与背景分割的高斯分布拟合模型,根据拟合结果自动获取分割阈值,以实现自然场景下苹果目标的准确分割。为了验证文中算法的有效性,利用多幅图像进行了试验并与Otsu自适应阈值分割算法进行了比较。试验结果表明,采用文中算法得到的苹果果实的平均检出率达87.08%,识别率领先Otsu算法9.91%。因此,对于着色度较为均匀的苹果目标,采用高斯自适应拟合方法可以有效提高其识别率。  相似文献   

基于Z比分数的参考作物腾发量计算方法优选     

王艳阳  魏永霞 《节水灌溉》2015,(3):52-54,58

参考作物腾发量(ET0)是计算作物需水量的关键,是进行农田水分管理和灌溉预报的主要参数。但不同ET0计算方法的结果存在明显差异。用能力统计量Z比分数,对FAO56Penman-Monteith、Hargreaves-Samani、Irmark-Allen拟合和Priestley-Taylor四种常用ET0计算方法在不同天气条件下的计算结果精度进行了对比分析。结果表明,Priestley-Taylor与FAO56Penman-Monteith方法的计算结果在精度上具有较高的一致性,与有关文献结果相吻合,其中前者精度略佳。且Z比分数参数受极端值的影响较小,计算简便、适用性强,克服了常规方法公式繁杂、编程实现困难的缺点,说明Z比分数法能够更好地适用于ET0计算方法的优选。研究结果可为农业水土工程领域有关参数计算与测定方法的优选提供借鉴。  相似文献   

INVITED REVIEW—IMAGE REGISTRATION IN VETERINARY RADIATION ONCOLOGY: INDICATIONS,IMPLICATIONS, AND FUTURE ADVANCES          下载免费PDF全文

Yang Feng  Jessica Lawrence  Kun Cheng  Dean Montgomery  Lisa Forrest  Duncan B. Mclaren  Stephen McLaughlin  David J. Argyle  William H. Nailon 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2016,57(2):113-123

The field of veterinary radiation therapy (RT) has gained substantial momentum in recent decades with significant advances in conformal treatment planning, image‐guided radiation therapy (IGRT), and intensity‐modulated (IMRT) techniques. At the root of these advancements lie improvements in tumor imaging, image alignment (registration), target volume delineation, and identification of critical structures. Image registration has been widely used to combine information from multimodality images such as computerized tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography (PET) to improve the accuracy of radiation delivery and reliably identify tumor‐bearing areas. Many different techniques have been applied in image registration. This review provides an overview of medical image registration in RT and its applications in veterinary oncology. A summary of the most commonly used approaches in human and veterinary medicine is presented along with their current use in IGRT and adaptive radiation therapy (ART). It is important to realize that registration does not guarantee that target volumes, such as the gross tumor volume (GTV), are correctly identified on the image being registered, as limitations unique to registration algorithms exist. Research involving novel registration frameworks for automatic segmentation of tumor volumes is ongoing and comparative oncology programs offer a unique opportunity to test the efficacy of proposed algorithms.  相似文献   

基于"3S"技术的甘肃子午岭自然保护区土地利用变化研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

焦明  张世强  刘勇  张培栋  张小文 《草业科学》2007,24(11):14-17

以甘肃省子午岭自然保护区为研究对象,运用"3S"技术,对研究区的地形图、不同时相的TM遥感影像进行数据预处理,并分类提取了研究区2个时段的土地利用信息.对分类信息进行统计分析后并与实地调查数据进行比较,结果表明,近20年来甘肃子午岭自然保护区的森林覆盖面积在稳步提高,乔木林面积明显增加.为甘肃子午岭自然保护区工程的建设提供了基础信息,为林区植物种群生长及分布调查研究提供了宏观数据,并且输出了研究区不同时相土地利用专题图.  相似文献   

四种替代药剂对梨火疫病菌的抑制活性及其田间防效     

李东旭  于松涛  张亚杰  林彩霞  李令蕊  王树桐 《植物保护学报》2023,50(5):1368-1376

为筛选农用链霉素替代药剂,以其为对照药剂,测定春雷霉素、中生菌素、噻霉酮和噻菌铜这4种常用细菌病害防治药剂对梨火疫病菌Erwinia amylovora的抑制活性、对梨火疫病的田间防效及不同药剂处理后梨中的农药残留,并对这4种药剂的作物安全性进行评价。结果表明,中生菌素、噻霉酮和春雷霉素对梨火疫病菌有抑制作用,抑制中浓度EC50分别为1.60、6.64和60.57 mg/L,中生菌素的抑制效果高于链霉素。在连续2年田间试验中,中生菌素1 000倍液和春雷霉素400倍液对梨火疫病的保护效果和治疗效果均达90.33%以上,噻霉酮500倍液和噻菌铜200倍液对梨火疫病的保护效果均达100.00%,治疗效果均超过86.97%,与对照药剂农用链霉素2 000倍液的效果相当。所有药剂处理后均未检出中生菌素、春雷霉素、高效氯氰菊酯和农用链霉素的农药残留,而噻虫嗪、阿维菌素和矮壮素虽有检出,但其残留量均低于国家限量标准。花期前后、幼果期和果实膨大期施药,中生菌素、春雷霉素、噻霉酮和噻菌铜对梨花、叶片、枝梢及果实生长均无不良影响。综合来看,中生菌素、春雷霉素、噻霉酮和噻菌铜均可作为农用链霉素的替代药剂,...  相似文献   

Evaluation of the pattern of spray released from a moving multicopter     

Illia Chyrva  Mark Jermy  Tara Strand  Brian Richardson 《Pest management science》2023,79(4):1483-1499

BACKGROUND

Multicopters are used for releasing particulates seeds, fertilizer and spray. Their low cost and high manoeuvrability make them attractive for spraying in steep terrain and areas where overspray is undesirable. This article describes a model of multicopter wake and its influence on particulate dispersion, which is computationally economical compared to many computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approaches, yet retains reasonable accuracy.

RESULTS

A model was successfully implemented in OpenFOAM . It features source terms for the rotor wash, Lagrangian particle tracking, an evaporation model, and a porous medium approach to model the effect of the ground vegetation. Predictions were validated against the field tests of Richardson et al. which used a DJI Agras MG-1 multicopter in three different flights with airspeeds of 3.2–4.9 m s⁻¹, ground speeds of 2.1–2.9 m s⁻¹ and cross-wind speeds of 0.04–2.2 m s⁻¹. The effective swath width (30% line separation) was predicted to within one standard deviation. Sensitivity to a rotor rotational speed, flight height, flight velocity, multicopter roll and yaw angles, surface roughness length, plant height and leaf density was checked.

CONCLUSION

In all flight trials, the modelled swath was closest to the experimentally obtained swath when the surface roughness of the fetch was equal to 0.5 m (bushes) and the rotational speed of all rotors was equal to 2475 rpm with 0.75R (0.2 m) tall plant canopy (grass) introduced to the model. The model showed acceptable validity for flight velocities of ≤2.8–5 m s⁻¹ when flight parameters can be approximately estimated. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.  相似文献   

Application and mechanisms of metal-based nanoparticles in the control of bacterial and fungal crop diseases     

Yuanbo Li  Peng Zhang  Mingshu Li  Noman Shakoor  Muhammad Adeel  Pingfan Zhou  Manlin Guo  Yaqi Jiang  Weichen Zhao  BenZhen Lou  Yukui Rui 《Pest management science》2023,79(1):21-36

Nanotechnology is a young branch of the discipline generated by nanomaterials. Its development has greatly contributed to technological progress and product innovation in the field of agriculture. The antimicrobial properties of nanoparticles (NPs) can be used to develop nanopesticides for plant protection. Plant diseases caused by bacterial and fungal infestations are the main types of crop diseases. Once infected, they will seriously threaten crop growth, reduce yield and quality, and affect food safety, posing a health risk to humans. We reviewed the application of metal-based nanoparticles in inhibiting plant pathogenic bacteria and fungi, and discuss the antibacterial mechanisms of metal-based nanoparticles from two aspects: the direct interaction between nanoparticles and pathogens, and the indirect effects of inducing plant resilience to disease. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.  相似文献   

Chavibetol: major and potent phytotoxin in betel (Piper betle L.) leaf essential oil     

Phirose Kemprai  Pranjit Kumar Bora  Siddhartha Proteem Saikia  Saikat Haldar 《Pest management science》2023,79(11):4451-4462

  相似文献   

Challenges and opportunities of unmanned aerial vehicles as a new tool for crop pest control     

Ruirui Zhang  Andrew J Hewitt  Liping Chen  Longlong Li  Qing Tang 《Pest management science》2023,79(11):4123-4131

The application of pesticides is not simply delivering chemicals to the target area. It also involves considering the negative aspects and developing strategies to deal with them during the application process, to ensure the maximization of pesticides use efficiency and the maintenance of the ecosystem. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) sprayers demonstrate unique advantages compared to traditional ground sprayers, particularly in terms of maneuverability and labor intensity reduction, showed great potential for chemical application in pest control. It is undeniable that there exist challenges in the practice of UAV spraying, such as higher potential risks of pesticide drift or pathogen transmission, uncertainty canopy deposition for different crops, and unexpected leaf breakage induced by downwash flow. Maximizing the utilization of downwash flow while avoiding lateral air movement outside the intended target crop area is a major issue for chemical application with UAV sprayers, particularly in light of the increasingly apparent consensus on the need for enhanced environmental protection during the chemical application process. It must be considered that the operation strategy in different scenarios and for different crop targets is not the same, unique requirements should be given on nozzle atomization, flight parameters, adjuvants and aircraft types in specific working situations. In future, the implementation of spray drift prediction, technical procedures development, and other solutions aimed at reducing pesticide drift and improving deposition quality, is expected to promote the adoption of UAV sprayers by more farmers. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.  相似文献   

作物根系研究室的设计   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

闫健  谢小妍 《农机化研究》2006,(1):152-155

根据作物根系研究的需要,设计和建造了华南农业大学作物根系研究室。为此,从根室的采光、通风、保温等几方面阐述了作物根室的设计思想,并结合科学家对根系的研究特性,着重介绍了两种种植槽的结构及设计特点。  相似文献