冬小麦根系对施肥深度的生物学响应研究   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

张永清  苗果园 《中国生态农业学报》2006,14(4):72-75

施肥深度对冬小麦根系分布及后期衰老影响的根管栽培试验结果表明,施肥深度可改变不同土体中小麦根重及根系活性,较深层次(50～100cm)施肥有利于小麦根长增加和下层土壤中根重及根系活性的提高,同时可增加旗叶叶面积和净光合率,并使小麦根系SOD和POD活性保持较高水平,抑制过氧化产物MDA的产生,延缓根系及旗叶衰老,明显提高小麦产量。施肥过深(150cm)虽能诱导根系下扎,但小麦总根重和产量却均有所下降。  相似文献   

Urease activity in two cultivated and non-cultivated arid soils     

L. B. Fenn  J. L. Tipton  G. Tatum 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》1992,13(3):152-154

Summary Since urease activity in soil is believed to be relatively constant, the present study was designed to examine the effects of incubation, soil depth and the effect of cultivation on the persistence of urease activity in arid soils. Two soils were used, a Harkey (coarse, silty, mixed, calcareous, thermic, Typic Torrifluvent) and a Saneli (Clayey over sandy skeletal, montmorillonitic, calcareous, Vertic Torrifluvent), each consisting of a cultivated field and a non-cultivated roadbed site. Urease activity was much lower and more varable in the roadbed soils (40 years without cultivation) than in the cultivated field soils. Pre-incubation for 24 h with urea (with toluene) and without urea (without toluene) greatly reduced the total urease activity in all cases in relation to cell free urease activity (with toluene). Urease activity in the two field soils decreased slightly with profile depth but the decrease was greatest below the plow depth (33 cm). Protease activity or some inactivation processes must have lowered the urease content since there was substantially reduced urease activity after most pre-incubations. The extent of the urease activity decrease was so great that the addition of urea would have been required to increase the production of urease enzyme.  相似文献   

不同林龄退耕还林地森林土壤有机质和全氮变化     

张瑞  陈先刚  和学智 《广东农业科学》2015,42(4):46-50

选取贵州省兴义市三江口镇杉木人工林为试验区,以不同林龄下的土壤为研究对象,对不同林龄采取野外样地调查与实验测定土壤有机质和全氮含量进行分析.结果表明:土壤剖面(包括耕地)有机质和全氮含量均随土层深度的增加而减少,即0～20 cm＞20～40 cm＞40～60 cm土层,且在各土层之间的含量分布差异显著;有机质和全氮含量随林龄的增长而增加,且在各林龄之间含量分布差异显著;二者在土壤剖面和林龄分布上均存在波动,但高于耕地.不同林龄之间有机质和全氮含量的换算系数略有不同,在0.05～0.06之间.回归分析显示,各林龄(包括耕地)土壤有机质与全氮含量总体上有较显著的线性关系;林龄与有机质含量以及林龄与全氮含量在土壤剖面各层均存在显著的线性相关关系.  相似文献   

井窖式移栽不同栽植深度对烤烟前期生长发育的影响   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

邱雪柏  陈伟  高维常  冯先情  李志刚  李建伟  杨友成 《湖北农业科学》2015,54(1):111-113

为探明井窖式移栽不同栽植深度对烟株前期生长发育的影响,在贵阳龙岗基地开展了田间试验。结果表明,移栽后35 d,烟苗生长点距井窖口6 cm处理烟株农艺性状表现最好,生物量、根系活力最高,根系发育最好,综合效应系数最大。井窖式移栽适合的栽植深度以烟苗生长点距井窖口6 cm最为适宜,有利于烟株前期地上部生长、根系发育及干物质积累。  相似文献   

盐池县沙化草地土壤理化性质及酶活性研究     

陈丽佳  谢应忠  许冬梅 《安徽农业科学》2015,(17):109-111

[目的]探讨盐池县沙化草地土壤理化性质和土壤酶活性的变化规律以及草地恢复和土壤恢复之间的关系,为草地土壤系统的恢复治理和可持续利用提供可靠的依据。[方法]对宁夏盐池县北部不同深度和不同沙化程度草地的土壤养分进行统计分析。[结果]随着沙化程度的加剧,土壤全磷、全氮、全钾、速效钾、有效磷、碱解氮、土壤酶活性、土壤水分随着土壤沙化程度的加剧而降低,土壤p H随沙化程度加剧而增大,且不同沙化程度草地之间差异显著(P0.05)。在0~60 cm土层土壤全磷、全氮、全钾、速效钾、有效磷、碱解氮、蛋白酶、磷酸酶、蔗糖酶含量随着土壤深度的增加而降低,且不同深度之间差异显著(P0.05),土壤p H、水分、过氧化氢酶含量随深度增加而增加,且不同深度之间差异显著(P0.05)。[结论]随着盐池县草地沙化程度的加剧,土壤理化性质和酶活性呈显著性下降趋势,而p H则呈现上升趋势。土壤养分和酶活性随着土壤深度的增加而降低,物理性质则随之增加,土壤表层理化性质及其酶活性对草地退化的影响最为显著。  相似文献   

大豆活性肽对肉鸡肠道黏膜结构的影响   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

杨玉荣  佘锐萍  张日俊  胡辉 《中国畜牧杂志》2006,42(15):13-15,56

将500只1日龄艾维茵肉鸡随机分为5组,即分别饲喂添加80、120和200g/kg大豆活性肽的日粮、添加抗生素的日粮和基础日粮。在28、49日龄取材,采用组织切片及组织化学染色方法检测肉鸡十二指肠、空肠、盲肠的绒毛长度与隐窝深度比值、杯状细胞数量,观察大豆活性肽对肉鸡肠道黏膜结构的影响,进而研究大豆活性肽对肉鸡消化能力的作用。结果表明:日粮中添加80￣120g/kg的大豆活性肽能够提高肉鸡生长初期的肠道杯状细胞数量,增加肉鸡肠道绒毛长度/隐窝深度比值。  相似文献   

Numerical Simulation Research on Stabilityof Dissolving Cavityfor the Low-depth-thin-layer Rock Salt     

LIU Cheng lun  XU Long jun  XIAN Xue fu 《保鲜与加工》2003,(3):143-146

In order to extend life of salt well, avoid sinking and use the formed cavity reasonably, the factors of effecton cavity stability must be researched during the process of water mining of rock salt, so that the effective prevention measures can be put. The stability of dissolving cavity for the low depth thin layer rock salt has been researched by the ADINA non linear finite element method.The results show that the stability of dissolving cavity obviously becomes strengthened with the decrease of its height, and has a decreasing trendas with the span increase of the cavity . The effect of incidence on stability of the cavity is very little. The stability of cylindroid cavity is higher than that of converse taper cavity. The assorted model is a kind of transition shape. The influencing order of cavity stability is the ffollows, height>geometrical shape>span>incidence.  相似文献   

重庆走马岭隧道岩溶及岩溶水发育特征     

李瑾  夏克勤张强 《水土保持研究》2005,12(6):36-38

走马岭隧道通过方斗山背斜可溶岩地区。岩溶发育强烈。在分析隧址区地质环境的基础上，详细论述隧址区岩溶发育分布规律和特征，岩溶水补、径、排条件及化学特征，为隧道安全施工提供科学依据并提出建议。  相似文献   

提高旱农地区甘草田间出苗率的试验分析   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

王立  张继义  李家恒  孔令大 《草业科学》2001,18(1):19-21

通过随机区组田间试验的方法，对如何提高甘草田间出苗率进行了研究。试验证明：甘草的田间出苗率与播种深度呈负相关，若底墒好，播后不浇水，播深2．5－3．0cm，可提高其田间出苗率；若底墒差，播后浇水，播深1．5－2．0cm，亦能提高其田间出苗率。在新垦重盐碱地播种甘草，用生长素4号和1号拌种，可分别提高田间出苗率2．9倍和2．6倍。播后3d浇水比播后16d浇水的田间出苗率提高29．5％。  相似文献   

Somaclonal variation in tuber traits of potato     

Ramona Thieme  Helmut Griess 《Potato Research》2005,48(3-4):153-165

Summary About 13,000 somaclones of 17 cultivars and clones of potato were obtained from in vitro callus cultures and individually planted in a greenhouse, followed by tuber generations grown in the field. These plants were subjected to the multistage selection procedure commonly used in potato breeding. Over a period of five years and three field generations the tuber number, size, shape, eye depth, starch content, starch yield and tuber appearance of these somaclones were assessed and compared with that of the controls. These characters varied depending on donor genotype and trait. The frequency of variants was assessed and there were acceptable proportions of desirable abberrants and invariants among the somaclones. Depending on trait the average gain rate for all donor genotypes ranged between 0.2 and 2.3% for-deviants, between 12.2 and 15.5% for invariants and between 0.1–1.4% for +deviants. It is concluded that this technique should be used into potato breeding programmes to improve commercially important characteristics of specific cultivars and breeding clones.  相似文献