牧草病害诊断系统的知识表示——《中国草业开发与生态建设》专家系统病害诊断     

袁雷  李春娥  储少林  陈全功 《草业科学》2008,25(1):95-99

针对牧草病害诊断的特点,结合框架知识表示的分层特点和规则表示法的过程性和不确定性,提出二者相结合的表示方法.该知识表示包括基础库和动态库,前者用来存放已经确定的数据,后者用来存放诊断的中间结果.基础库中又包括基础数据库、基础知识库和媒体库,数据库是一个关系数据库,根据牧草病害诊断的特点,采用分层建库的方式.知识库采用规则方式,按照病害名称建立.媒体库主要是辅助诊断而使用的图片、视频数据.动态库包括动态数据库和动态知识库,动态库的结构与基础库中的基础数据库、基础知识库一样.  相似文献   

O型口蹄疫病毒免疫层析试纸条检测方法的建立   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

蒋韬  梁仲  陈涓  何继军  吕律  马维民  田宏  刘在新  刘湘涛 《畜牧兽医学报》2008,39(1):60-65

为建立一种快速、准确检测O型口蹄疫病毒（FMDV）抗原的胶体金免疫层析方法,将兔、豚鼠抗O型FM-DV多抗用DEAE-Sephose层析柱纯化。胶体金标记O型豚鼠口蹄疫抗体,形成金标探针并将其喷涂于玻璃纤维上。兔抗O型FMDV抗体和羊抗豚鼠IgG分别标记于硝酸纤维素膜上作为检测带和质控带,各部件按顺序装配形成快速诊断试纸条。如果待检样品中含有O型FMDV,它将与玻璃纤维上的胶体金探针和兔抗O型FMDV抗体形成夹心复合物,并在检测带被固定,沉集反应形成肉眼可见的红色条带。在田间试验中,53份试验样本分别用试纸条和反向间接血凝试验进行检测,2种方法的阳性率分别为95.45%和90.91%。评价试验证实,本研究建立的胶体金免疫层析方法简便、快速,具有良好的特异性和敏感性,非常适于基层兽医实验室诊断时使用。  相似文献   

Diagnostic accuracy of digital photography and image analysis for the measurement of foot conformation in the horse     

J. M. WHITE  D. J. MELLOR  M. DUZ  C. J. LISCHER  L. C. VOUTE 《Equine veterinary journal》2008,40(7):623-628

Reasons for performing study: Rigorous evaluation of practicable methods for the objective assessment of foot conformation has not been performed. Objectives: To assess the practicability, precision and accuracy of the process of obtaining measurements of horses' feet using photography and image processing software. Methods: Precision study: Lateral photographs of horses' feet were obtained twice by 2 veterinary surgeons (image acquisition ‐ IAc). Photographs were analysed by 2 masked veterinary surgeons on 2 occasions (image analysis ‐ IAn). Measurements were compared within and between operators for self and non‐self acquired photographs. Agreement indices (AIs) and 95% limits of agreement (LOA) were calculated for the IAn process alone and for the combined IAc + IAn processes. Accuracy study: Measurements obtained from lateral photographs were compared with those obtained from lateromedial radiographs. AIs and 95% LOA were calculated for each measurement. Results: Precision study: Mean intra‐ and interoperator AIs for the IAn process alone were ≥0.90 while those for the combined IAc + IAn processes were ≥0.89 for all measurements. Similar mean AIs and 95% LOA were calculated regardless of image origin. The 95% LOA for hoof angle, heel height/toe height% and coronary band angle for all comparisons were within target values. Accuracy study: Mean AIs were ≥0.89 for all measurements. The 95% LOA for heel height/toe height% and coronary band angle were within target values. Conclusions: Excellent precision was identified within and between operators regardless of image origin. High levels of accuracy were also identified, especially for heel height/toe height% and coronary band angle, indicating that photography and radiography may be used interchangeably. Potential relevance: Acquisition and analysis of photographic images is an appropriate method for the objective measurement of foot conformation, both in clinical and research settings.  相似文献   

鸡传染性支气管炎实验室诊断方法研究进展     

李中华  史惠  周毅  杨得胜  曹波 《动物医学进展》2008,29(1):95-99

传染性支气管炎是鸡的一种重大传染病,临床上无典型的病变特征,诊断较为困难。现有的实验室检测方法有血清学、病原学和分子生物学方法,但该病病原变异复杂,血清型众多,交叉免疫性低,临床上又多采用活毒进行免疫,以至实验室无法对疫苗毒和野毒进行准确区分。为了更好地控制本病,有必要根据临床特点对目前各种检测鸡传染性支气管炎的方法及其优缺点进行分析,为临床寻找一种适合的快速准确的诊断方法、制定合理的免疫程序和发展新型的诊断方法提供参考。  相似文献   

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征诊断技术研究进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

严玉霖  高洪 《动物医学进展》2008,29(7)

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征（PRRS）是猪群中的一种免疫抑制性传染病,是严重危害我国养猪业的主要疫病之一,应用各种诊断技术对该病做出准确的诊断是预防和控制该病的前提。PRRS诊断技术包括检测病毒、检测血清抗体技术及分型诊断,涉及的技术和方法包括病毒分离、免疫组化、RT-PCR、间接免疫荧光试验、免疫过氧化物酶单层细胞试验、酶联免疫吸附试验和基因芯片技术等。每种诊断技术都有其各自的优势和局限性,应根据研究目的及工作条件等综合情况予以选择,文章就各种诊断技术的原理、方法及特点进行了概述和比较,并对今后的应用前景和发展趋势进行了展望。  相似文献   

鼻气管鸟杆菌病的研究现状   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王明亮  刁有祥  纪巍  张瑞平  杜爱庆  马艳芳 《动物医学进展》2008,29(10)

鼻气管乌杆菌痛是近年来新发现的一种感染家禽和野鸟的呼吸道细菌病,主要表现为鸡和火鸡生长迟缓,产蛋率下降、高死亡率、单侧或双侧纤维索性化脓性肺炎、胸膜炎、气囊炎。也常合并、继发新城疫病毒、大肠埃希菌和副鸡嗜血杆菌感染,从而引起急性死亡,危害很大,给养禽业造成严重的经济损失,是一种值得重视的新病。文章对该病的病原、流行病学、症状与病变、诊断方法及预防措施等进行了综述。  相似文献   

非洲猪瘟诊断技术研究进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

高瞻  张光磊  邵军军  常惠芸 《中国动物检疫》2019,36(9):63-68

非洲猪瘟是猪的一种急性、高度接触性传染病,致死率可达100%。本文综述了非洲猪瘟病原学和血清学诊断技术研究进展,包括红细胞吸附试验(HAD)、聚合酶链反应技术(PCR)、环介导恒温扩增技术(LAMP)、荧光抗体技术(FAT)、酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)和胶体金快速免疫层析技术(GICA)等,并对各种方法的优缺点进行简要汇总分析,总结认为今后非洲猪瘟诊断的发展趋势在于不同诊断技术的联合应用。  相似文献   

牛、羊包虫病及其实验室诊断技术     

郭宇  刘威  李军燕  云涛  兰天驰  罗晓平 《畜牧与饲料科学》2019,40(2):98-101

包虫病(echinococcosis)是由寄生于终末宿主(犬、狼、狐狸等)小肠的棘球蚴感染中间宿主(牛、羊、猪、骆驼、人类等)而引起的一种严重的人兽共患寄生虫病。该病在临床表现上缺乏特异性,且多为隐性感染,病原体不易检出,严重危害牧区人民健康和畜牧业发展。对包虫病的病原学特点、流行病学特点、实验室检测和诊断技术作一介绍,以期为该病的预防控制和进一步研究提供参考。  相似文献   

Polymerase chain reaction for antigen receptor rearrangement: Benchmarking performance of a lymphoid clonality assay in diverse canine sample types     

E. J. Ehrhart  Shukmei Wong  Keith Richter  Victoria Zismann  Carolyn Grimes  William Hendricks  Chand Khanna 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2019,33(3):1392-1402

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New perspectives in avian influenza diagnosis     

Cattoli G  Terregino C 《Zoonoses and public health》2008,55(1):24-28

Recent outbreaks of avian influenza (AI) occurring in Europe, in the Americas, in Asia and in Africa have provided field evidence of how challenging the control of this infection can be, particularly in densely populated poultry areas or in areas where free-range rural village poultry and backyard flocks are present. In these areas, laboratory testing is mainly applied to trace viral circulation in a given area or in a susceptible population to implement an early warning system, rather than to diagnose the presence of the virus in a diseased flock or animal. This implies the use of rapid, sensitive and possibly cost-effective laboratory tests adaptable to very high throughputs. As a consequence, new diagnostic approaches and technologies have been increasingly developed and applied. Molecular biology and biotechnology are providing important and precious contributions to the field of AI diagnosis, making extremely rapid, specific and sensitive techniques available. However, the use of some of these technologies is still limited, due to their costs and to the requirement of advanced technical and scientific expertise. Therefore, more conventional and well-established techniques, should not be abandoned but rather reconsidered and improved or modified.  相似文献