Mediterranean versus Atlantic monk parakeets Myiopsitta monachus: towards differentiated management at the European scale     

Jose‐Luis Postigo  Diederik Strubbe  Emiliano Mori  Leonardo Ancillotto  Inês Carneiro  Panagiotis Latsoudis  Mattia Menchetti  Liviu G Pru  Dave Parrott  Luís Reino  Anne Weiserbs  Juan Carlos Senar 《Pest management science》2019,75(4):915-922

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数字普惠金融对农村家庭相对贫困影响效应 ——基于宁夏的农户调研数据   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

李昭楠  李钰婷  刘树梁  刘七军 《农业现代化研究》2021,42(6):1104-1113

随着绝对贫困的全面消除,我国将进入以相对贫困治理为核心的扶贫工作新阶段,发挥数字普惠金融减缓相对贫困的效应至关重要。本文利用宁夏3县区9村426户田野调查数据,运用熵值法、A-F法、Logit模型和中介效应模型,在测算数字普惠金融指数和识别多维相对贫困家庭的基础上,分析数字普惠金融对农村家庭多维相对贫困的影响效应,探讨其影响机制。结果表明,宁夏农村地区经济维度的“贫”已基本得到消除,但健康、教育、安全饮水和卫生厕所等因素导致的相对之“困”依然严峻。农户在数字普惠金融的结算、储蓄和信贷服务已有部分涉及,但对互联网投资、互联网保险等深层次金融业务的参与尚且较低。数字普惠金融对不同权重下的相对贫困均有显著的减缓作用,并且随着剥夺维度提升其减贫作用呈增长态势。数字普惠金融可以通过提高农户电商意愿及行为、增强健康意识、促进消费进而达到缓解相对贫困之目的。因此,为减缓宁夏农村家庭相对贫困状况,需注重农户自我发展能力提升与农村生活标准改善,深化农户数字普惠金融使用深度,充分发挥数字普惠金融的减贫助农作用等。  相似文献   

海鲈游泳续航时间和运动代谢规律研究     

霍润明  王萍  娄宇栋  柴若愚  尹恒  桂福坤 《水产科技情报》2022,49(6):332-338

为研究海鲈(Lateolabrax japonicus)的游泳续航能力和游泳过程中的物质代谢规律,以深水网箱养殖的3月龄海鲈为研究对象,采用游泳续航时间和生化指标作为评测海鲈游泳能力和代谢规律的方法进行了试验。结果显示,海鲈的游泳续航时长为200 min,其续航能力强于大黄鱼而弱于美国红鱼。在游泳过程中,海鲈血糖浓度升高,但差异性不显著(P>0.05),肌糖原随着时间的增加显著减少(P<0.05),且肌糖原浓度在海鲈疲劳时接近于0。当鱼接近100%疲劳时,其肝糖原浓度也接近于0;当海鲈以不同疲劳程度游泳时,其肌肉乳酸脱氢酶浓度会显著升高(P<0.05)。表明海鲈的续航游泳过程伴随着无氧呼吸和有氧呼吸。  相似文献   

提高土壤抗蚀性措施研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

孙传生  王艳玲 《中国水土保持》1994,(2):17-18

土壤抗蚀性是影响土壤侵蚀最基本的因素之一。提高土壤抗蚀性的措施主要有：提高土壤胶体的含量和质量　；改良土壤结构；采用少耕法　和免耕法耕作；采用秸秆、砂石、作物残茬、　地膜、青草等覆盖耕作法；　提高土壤有机质含量　；种植根系发达的植物。  相似文献   

Experimental studies on cold survival of enchytraeid cocoons     

Roswitha Bauer  M. Roger Worland  William Block 《Pedobiologia》2001,45(6):561-571

The effect of different culture methods, cold acclimation and desiccation on the supercooling point (SCP), the melting point (MP) of fluids and the quantity of water freezing (osmotically active water) was investigated in individual cocoons of Enchytraeus crypticus and an undescribed Enchytraeus species using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques. Both species can be easily cultured in the laboratory in agar where the development and hatching of the worms can be observed. Culture methods (agar with nettle leaves or oats as food and wet filter paper without food supply) had a significant effect on fresh weight and SCP of E. crypticus cocoons. The water content (as a proportion of fresh weight) was slightly lower in the cocoons from the wet filter paper cultures. Acclimation at —3 °C did not affect the supercooling ability of E. crypticus cocoons, whereas the SCP of E. sp.1 cocoons was lowered from a mean of —8.7 to —12.4 °C. The supercooling ability of cocoons of E. crypticus was only slightly increased by desiccation and cold acclimation, but the quantity of frozen water was significantly reduced with acclimation and desiccation (2 and 3 min) at room temperature. The MP values of the cocoon fluids reflected these changes in both species. No cocoons of E. crypticus and E. sp.1 survived desiccation and freezing in our experiments and no worms of Enchytraeus albidus, E. crypticus and Henlea perpusilla survived freezing to —10 or —20 °C.  相似文献   

Do frugivorous birds assist rainforest succession in weed dominated oldfield regrowth of subtropical Australia?     

Wendy Neilan  Stephen McKenna 《Biological conservation》2006,129(3):393-407

Exotic plants often form the first woody vegetation that grows on abandoned farmland. If this vegetation attracts vertebrate frugivores which disperse the seeds of native plants, then native plants may recruit to such oldfield sites. However, there is debate about the extent to which exotic vegetation assists or suppresses the regeneration of native plants, and about its effects on faunal biodiversity. These issues were investigated in subtropical eastern Australia, where rainforests were cleared for agriculture in the 19th century, and where regrowth dominated by camphor laurel (Cinnamomum camphora, an exotic, fleshy-fruited tree) has become common on former agricultural land. The study assessed the assemblages of frugivorous birds, and the recruitment of rainforest plants, at 24 patches of camphor laurel regrowth. The patches were used by nearly all frugivorous birds associated with subtropical rainforest. Many of these birds (16 of 34 species) are considered to have a medium to high potential to disperse the seeds of rainforest plants, and eight of these were abundant and widespread in regrowth patches. Of 208 recorded plant species, 181 were native to local rainforest. The ratio of native to exotic species was higher amongst tree recruits than adult trees, both for numbers of species and individuals. Among native tree recruits, 79% of 75 species, and 93% of 1928 individuals, were potentially dispersed by birds. These recruits included many late-successional species, and there were relatively more individuals of late-successional, bird-dispersed native species amongst recruits than adult trees. The species richness, but not the abundance, of both frugivorous birds and of bird-dispersed rainforest trees decreased with distance from major rainforest remnants. Camphor laurel regrowth provides habitat for rainforest birds and creates conditions suitable for the regeneration of native rainforest plants on abandoned farmland. Careful management of regrowth dominated by fleshy-fruited exotic invasive trees can provide an opportunity for broadscale reforestation in extensively-cleared landscapes.  相似文献   

红壤旱地四种春夏作物水势比较研究     

柳建国  何园球  陈长青  卞新民 《土壤通报》2007,38(5):863-866

大豆、花生、红薯、玉米是低丘红壤区主要的夏季旱地作物,研究表明:四种不同作物在相同或相似的环境条件下,作物水势时空分布的趋势一致;大豆(初花期)、玉米(大喇叭口期)、花生(开花结荚期)、红薯(块根膨大期)永久萎蔫时叶水势依次为:-2.3MPa、-2.10MPa、-1.75MPa、-1.30MPa,土壤水势分别为-1.159MPa、-0.818MPa、-1.534MPa、-1.644MPa。正常情况下,作物叶片水势大小及作物耐旱性顺序为:红薯>花生>大豆、玉米。小麦茬口玉米(抽穗期)和大豆(初花期)因叶片水势连续一周分别低于-2.2MPa和-2.3MPa被旱死。  相似文献   

飞船搭载处理对辣椒SP_1发芽和生物学特性的影响     

WANG Bing liang ZHENG Ji rong  WANG Hui li HUANG Kai mei MA Jian bin 《核农学报》2004,(4)

以 4个辣椒品种为材料 ,探讨飞船搭载对辣椒种子发芽力、植株生长特性、果实性状的影响。结果表明 :飞船搭载对辣椒种子的发芽率和发芽势有一定的影响 ,这种影响随材料而异 ;搭载种子平均初花期较对照提早 0 2～ 3 2d ,且株间变异增加 ,植株有矮化的趋势 ;第 1花序节位也呈降低态势 ,结果能力有所提高 ,但果实长度、直径和平均单果重呈下降趋势  相似文献   

小江流域土壤抗崩性实验研究     

邹翔  张平仓  陈杰 《水土保持研究》2008,15(1):244-246

针对小江流域内不同的土壤类型和土地利用类型,通过实验对小江流域土壤抗崩性进行研究,结果表明:小江流域的土壤具有较大抗崩性,其中棕壤的平均崩解速率最大,黄红壤的平均崩解速率最小;从土地利用的角度看,林草地的平均崩解速率最小,灌丛其次,裸坡的平均崩解速率最大;小江流域土壤的崩解速率与土壤中＜0.002mm的颗粒含量之间存在明显的负相关关系.  相似文献   

参考作物腾发量主成分神经网络预测模型   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2  

彭世彰  魏征  徐俊增  丁加丽 《农业工程学报》2008,24(9):161-164

为解决采用神经网络模型预测参考作物蒸发蒸腾最Eto研究中预测能力不足的问题,将气象因子包括最高、最低和日平均温度、日照时数、气压、水汽压、相对湿度和风速进行主成分分析,提取主成分,建立了基于主成分的三层BP神经网络模型.选取崇川水利科学试验站2001年到2004年的旬气象资料,采用Matlab神经网络工具箱进行模型训练与预测,并以传统BP网络模犁作为对照.结果表明,主成分网络模型能够很好地反映诸多影响因子与Eto之间的关系,尤其对训练样本以外的验证样本,主成分网络模型具有显著优于传统BP网络模型的识别能力,取得更为可靠的预测结果.  相似文献