苹果矮化砧木GA20氧化酶基因的克隆及其表达分析     

郑伶杰  马宏  张媛  张学英  李中勇  徐继忠 《华北农学报》2017,32(1)

为了研究GA20氧化酶基因在苹果矮化砧木中的分子特征和表达特征,利用RT-PCR方法从苹果矮化砧木2号和36号c DNA中克隆了GA20氧化酶基因(GA20ox1),并对该基因及其编码氨基酸序列以及在不同时期砧木及嫁接品种中的表达分别进行了分析。结果表明,GA20ox1基因c DNA编码序列长1 179 bp,推导编码393个氨基酸(包括终止密码子),预测蛋白相对分子质量44.3 k Da,理论等电点5.89,编码的蛋白质包含GA20ox1基因家族所具有的特征保守结构域,系统进化分析表明该蛋白序列与苹果SH40的同源性达到96.9%。实时荧光定量PCR分析显示:36号砧木在6月份GA20ox1基因表达强度显著低于八棱海棠对照,而7-8月份的均显著高于对照,其上嫁接的品种7月份表达强度显著低于对照。在7-8月份2号砧木及嫁接品种GA20ox1基因的表达强度均显著低于对照。  相似文献   

甘肃小麦品种主要春化和光周期基因的组成和分布     

张博  白斌  张雪婷  杨智全  王晓龙  张晓科 《麦类作物学报》2017,(7):864-870

为了明确甘肃小麦春化和光周期基因的分布特点,利用STS标记对96份品种的主要春化基因位点VRN-A1、VRN-B1、VRN-D1、VRN-B3和光周期基因PPD-D1位点的等位变异组成进行了检测和分析。结果表明,在甘肃小麦品种中,春化和光周期基因等位变异组合存在11种类型,每种类型的分布频率不同。其中,Ppd-D1a类型频率最高,Vrn-A1/Vrn-B1/Ppd-D1a次之。在春麦生态区存在11种组合类型,其中VrnA1/Vrn-B1/Ppd-D1a频率最高,Ppd-D1a次之。在河西灌溉春麦区、中部干旱春麦区与洮岷高寒春麦区频率最高的组合类型分别为Vrn-A1/Vrn-B1/Ppd-D1a、Vrn-A1/Vrn-B1和Ppd-D1a。与春麦生态区相比,冬麦生态区不存在春化基因显性变异Vrn-A1,且仅存在Ppd-D1a、Vrn-B1/Ppd-D1a、Vrn-D1/Pp-D1a三种类型的等位变异组合,其中,Ppd-D1a类型频率最高,Vrn-B1/Ppd-D1a次之。在陇南冬麦区、渭河上游冬麦区、泾河上游冬麦区中,基因组合类型Ppd-D1a均占主导地位,分布频率依次为46.2%、93.6%和100%。  相似文献   

小麦雄性不育系AL18A育性恢复基因的QTL定位     

桂安胜  聂迎彬  马丽  徐红军  李瑞博  刘小芳  孔德真  张晓科  穆培源 《麦类作物学报》2017,(1):1-6

为加快AL型杂交小麦的发展,以不育系AL18A、恢复系99AR144-1及二者杂交F2代群体为材料,选用SSR标记和分离群体分组分析法进行育性恢复基因的QTL定位。结果表明,育性恢复由主效和微效基因共同控制,采用复合区间作图法分析,在1B染色体上检测到了1个主效恢复基因QTLqRf-1B-1,在5AL染色体上检测到了1个微效QTLqRf-5A-1。qRf-1B-1位于SSR标记Xbarc8与Xgwm413之间,与两标记的遗传距离分别为0.85cM和2.00cM,LOD值为14.06,加性效应为18.87,可解释22.43%的表型变异;qRf-5A-1位于SSR标记Xgwm595与Xgwm410之间,与两标记的遗传距离分别为10.00cM和0.10cM,LOD值为3.18,加性效应为12.32,可解释5.44%的表型变异。  相似文献   

陕西省2015-2016年小麦区试品种（系）的抗白粉病分析     

宫丹丹  杨金叶  杜志宏  高庆  李强  王保通 《麦类作物学报》2017,(5):617-622

为了明确陕西省2015-2016年小麦区试品种(系)的白粉病抗性,以陕西省各地采集的白粉菌混合菌系作菌源,分别在苗期采用人工接种、成株期诱发发病的方法对228份陕西省区试品种(系)和32份已知抗白粉病基因载体品种(系)进行抗性鉴定.结果表明,Pm4a、Pm4b、Pm13、Pm17、Pm18、Pm19、Pm21、Pm24、Pm30、Pm2+6、Pm2+Mld、Pm2+6+?、Pm5+6、Pm“XBD”基因对小麦白粉病表现免疫或高抗;Pm3a、Pm3b、Pm6、Pm4+8、Pm4b+Mli、Pm4+2+?基因对小麦白粉病表现出较弱的抗性,其他基因对供试菌系没有抗病性.228份区试品种(系)中,大多数对白粉病表现为感病,仅有14份在苗期和成株期均表现抗病,33份仅在成株期表现抗病,分别占区试品种(系)总数的6.14％和14.47％.  相似文献   

Soybean plant height QTL mapping and meta‐analysis for mining candidate genes          下载免费PDF全文

Zhengong Yin  Huidong Qi  Qingshan Chen  Zhanguo Zhang  Hongwei Jiang  Rongsheng Zhu  Zhenbang Hu  Xiaoxia Wu  Candong Li  Yong Zhang  Chunyan Liu  Guohua Hu  Dawei Xin  Zhaoming Qi 《Plant Breeding》2017,136(5):688-698

Plant height is closely related to seed yield of soybean. The goal of this study was to identify important loci affecting soybean plant height using meta‐analysis based on a reference physical map. Plant height related to QTLs was mapped across eight years with a RIL population by WinQTLCart v2.5. 182 QTLs related to plant height of soybean from database and our research were collected, and each QTL was projected onto the soybean physical map by software BioMercator v2.1. The confidence interval of meta‐QTL ranged from 0.09 to 5.07 Mb, and the mean phenotypic variance ranged from 4.9% to 73.0%. Furthermore, 4,259 candidate genes were located in these consensus QTLs, and 40 of them were involved in the plant growth and stem elongation and annotated as plant hormone signal transduction (pathway ID ko04075) in KEGG pathway. These results would lay a foundation for fine mapping of QTLs/genes related to plant height and marker‐assisted selection for breeding in soybean.  相似文献   

碱胁迫下榆叶梅差异基因表达分析     

刘佳  田云  邓家林 《核农学报》2020,34(7):1397-1408

为了解榆叶梅(Prumus triloba Lindl.)在短期碱胁迫下的分子响应机制,本研究采用Illumina HiSeq^TM2500高通量测序技术对其在0、1、3、6、12 h碱胁迫下的叶片进行了de novo转录组测序,以此鉴定与碱胁迫相关的差异表达基因(DEGs)。结果表明,从5 960万条raw reads中获得了约5 300万条高质量clean reads,经从头组装后获得了124 786条榆叶梅unigenes。基于8 948个 unigenes差异表达(DEGs), GO富集分析发现,其中有28个基因可能在早期碱胁迫响应机制中起着重要作用; KEGG富集分析发现,不同碱处理时间下的KEGG途径(pathways)具有显著差异。对7个碱性胁迫反应相关基因进行RT-qPCR验证,所得基因的表达模式与RNA-Seq数据结果一致,证实了RNA-Seq结果的可靠性。本研究首次对碱胁迫下的榆叶梅叶片进行了转录组分析,获得的序列数据极大地丰富了榆叶梅可利用的基因资源,深入了解了榆叶梅碱胁迫的分子响应机制,同时为研究以榆叶梅为砧木的中国李(Prunus salicina)在碱胁迫下的适应机制奠定了分子研究基础。  相似文献   

温度胁迫对幼体大海马基因转录表达的影响     

潘霞  徐永健  宁燕  沈锡权 《核农学报》2020,34(7):1421-1431

为探究大海马幼体在高温和低温胁迫条件下基因表达水平的变化规律,采用Illumina平台的PE150测序功能对大海马幼体肝脏进行了转录组测序。对照组、高温胁迫组和低温胁迫组测序数据组装后获得22 513个单基因簇(Unigene),N50为2 223 bp,平均长度为1 122.71 bp。与对照组相比,高温胁迫组共获得14 009个差异表达基因,其中5 543个差异表达基因上调,8 466个差异表达基因下调;低温胁迫组共获得20 030个差异基因,14 016个差异表达基因上调,6 014个差异表达基因下调。差异表达基因经KEGG数据库富集发现,高/低温胁迫均导致大海马体内抗氧化途径相关基因表达(HSP70、HSP90、SOD等)发生显著改变;另外,高温胁迫还造成大海马免疫系统相关基因(PIK3R、Akt、IL-10、TLR等)以及细胞凋亡相关基因(CYCS、CASP9、CASP3等)表达显著改变;低温胁迫造成DNA损伤修复(MSH、DDB2、XRCC2、RAD52、Ogg1、PMS2等)、脂肪酸代谢(StARD7、ApoA4、CYP51、Fadsd6等)和细胞凋亡(P21、P53、BAX等)相关基因显著上调。选择HSP70、Fadsd 6与IL-10等13个差异基因验证,RT-qPCR结果与RNA-Seq测序结果基本一致。本研究结果为深入探究大海马温度应激的调控机制奠定了一定的理论基础,而且有助于预防极端温度对大海马造成损伤。  相似文献   

转录组及代谢组联合解析茄子果色上位遗传效应     

孙保娟  汪瑞  孙光闻  王益奎  李涛  宫超  衡周  游倩  李植良 《中国农业科学》2022,55(20):3997-4010

【目的】茄子果色与商品果外观品质和价值密切相关,花青素是决定茄子果色的重要天然色素之一。通过基因表达和代谢物差异比较,解析上位基因互作调控茄子果皮花青素合成的作用机制,为不同果色茄子选育提供理论基础。【方法】以花青素合成结构基因ANS突变的白果色母本19141、花青素合成关键调控基因MYB1突变的白果色父本19147及其紫红果色F1代E3316茄子为试验材料,对商品果期果皮进行转录组测序和广靶代谢组分析。【结果】转录组测序分析表明,19141＿vs＿19147的差异表达基因（DEGs）最多,其次是E3316＿vs＿19141,两个比较组DEGs均在类黄酮途径富集程度最高;E3316＿vs＿19147筛选到的DEGs最少,未在类黄酮途径富集。广靶代谢组共检测分析到218个代谢物。E3316＿vs＿19141共检测到差异代谢物（DAMs）113个,E3316＿vs＿19147共检测到差异代谢物98个。转录组和代谢组联合分析发现花青素生物合成关键结构基因CHS、CHI、F3H、DFR和ANS,关键调节基因MYB1、AN1和AN11,修饰基因3GT、5GT、AT和OMT,还有转运基因AN9(G...  相似文献   

Induction of Defense Gene Expression and the Resistance of Date Palm to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Albedinis in Response to Alginate Extracted from Bifurcaria bifurcata     

Soukaina Bouissil  Claire Gurin  Jane Roche  Pascal Dubessay  Zainab El Alaoui-Talibi  Guillaume Pierre  Philippe Michaud  Said Mouzeyar  Cdric Delattre  Cherkaoui El Modafar 《Marine drugs》2022,20(2)

In many African countries, the Bayoud is a common disease spread involving the fungus Fusarium oxusporum f. sp. albedinis (Foa). The induction of plant natural defenses through the use of seaweed polysaccharides to help plants against pathogens is currently a biological and ecological approach that is gaining more and more importance. In the present study, we used alginate, a natural polysaccharide extracted from a brown algae Bifurcaria bifurcata, to activate date palm defenses, which involve phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), a key enzyme of phenylpropanoid metabolism. The results obtained showed that at low concentration (1 g·L⁻¹), alginate stimulated PAL activity in date palm roots 5 times more compared to the negative control (water-treated) after 24 h following treatment and 2.5 times more compared to the laminarin used as a positive stimulator of plant natural defenses (positive control of induction). Using qRT-PCR, the expression of a selection of genes involved in three different levels of defense mechanisms known to be involved in response to biotic stresses were investigated. The results showed that, generally, the PAL gene tested and the genes encoding enzymes involved in early oxidative events (SOD and LOX) were overexpressed in the alginate-treated plants compared to their levels in the positive and negative controls. POD and PR protein genes selected encoding β-(1,3)-glucanases and chitinases in this study did not show any significant difference between treatments; suggesting that other genes encoding POD and PR proteins that were not selected may be involved. After 17 weeks following the inoculation of the plants with the pathogen Foa, treatment with alginate reduced the mortality rate by up to 80% compared to the rate in control plants (non-elicited) and plants pretreated with laminarin, which agrees with the induction of defense gene expression and the stimulation of natural defenses in date palm with alginate after 24 h. These results open promising prospects for the use of alginate in agriculture as an inducer that triggers immunity of plants against telluric pathogens in general and of date palm against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis in particular.  相似文献   

花魔芋响应软腐病菌侵染初期的转录组分析     

何斐  冯明月  王菁轩  邵永春  王甜  王莹  卢谢敏  方姝颖 《西北农业学报》2022,30(6):777-786

为探讨花魔芋抵御软腐病害的分子机制,分别以染病初期和健康的花魔芋球茎为材料进行转录组测序。结果表明,健康和染病初期花魔芋两组出现3222个差异表达基因,其中2660个基因上调表达,562个基因下调表达,差异表达基因主要涉及细胞组分、生物学过程及分子功能等生理生化过程。表达量上调和下调最大的前10个基因包含编码MiAMP1抗菌蛋白、热激蛋白、胰蛋白酶与蛋白酶抑制剂、胰凝乳蛋白酶抑制剂等与抗病相关的基因。GO功能分类和KEGG通路分析表明,类黄酮和苯丙烷类物质在花魔芋抵御软腐病菌侵染初期发挥重要作用。值得关注的是,硒化合物代谢、维生素B6代谢、类黄酮生物合成、N-聚糖生物合成及链霉素生物合成通路等抗病相关的差异表达基因在花魔芋染病初期全部或大部分受诱导表达。利用高通量测序获得大量花魔芋转录组信息,有助于挖掘与花魔芋抗软腐病相关的关键基因,也为魔芋抗病分子育种提供理论参考。  相似文献