茶园间作芳香植物罗勒和紫苏对茶园生态系统影响的研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

张正群  田月月  高树文  许永玉  黄晓琴  张丽霞 《茶叶科学》2016,(4):389-395

通过茶园间作芳香植物研究其对茶园害虫和天敌种群数量、土壤养分状况、茶树生长及茶叶生化成分等的影响,分析间作芳香植物对幼龄茶园的生态综合调控效果。幼龄茶园间种芳香植物能减少小贯小绿叶蝉和绿盲蝽的数量,增加茶园中瓢虫、草蛉、寄生蜂和蜘蛛等天敌的数量;芳香植物间作区土壤中铵态氮、有效磷和速效钾的含量高于绿肥间作区和对照;茶园间作芳香植物能在一定程度上促进茶树生长、培养幼龄茶园的树势和树冠、增加茶叶产量。茶园间作芳香植物能减少茶叶中茶多酚和咖啡碱含量,提高可溶性糖和儿茶素含量,改善茶叶品质。可见茶园间作芳香植物是一种具有较好生态效益的茶园栽培管理模式,能促进生态茶园的发展。  相似文献   

一种汽车车内一氧化碳监控系统     

吴浩 《农业装备与车辆工程》2014,(8):39-41

汽车车内由于CO导致的意外安全事故常常被忽略。汽车发动机和空调在运行过程中产生的CO进入车内,极易被忽视而诱发中毒的事故。利用单片机传感器技术设计一种汽车车内CO浓度监控系统,当车内CO浓度达到200 ppm时系统发出第一次报警,当车内CO浓度达到300 ppm,系统发出第二次报警提示,并开启天窗通风,保证车内人员安全。  相似文献   

Prevention and Controlling Effect of Intercropping on Pests and Diseases and Its Risk Control in Cotton Fields   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Chi Baojie  Dong Hezhong 《棉花学报》2019,31(4):341-351

Cotton is one of the major field crops which are seriously threatened by pests and diseases. In recent years, the ecological management of cotton pests and diseases with intercropping has become to be an interesting approach. Intercropping possibly increases the population of natural enemies and finally reduces the population density of pests as a result of changes in ecological structure and environmental conditions of farmland. Intercropping thus has been considered an important alternative in controlling pests and diseases. However, cotton field intercropping also has some limitations in controlling pests and diseases. Unreasonable intercropping system has many risks such as increasing labor input, increasing the difficulty of pests’ control, and aggravating pests and diseases. In this paper, the effects and the underlying mechanisms of cotton intercropping on cotton pests and diseases were reviewed. The possible risks and countermeasures used for ecological control of intercropping were also put forward, and the future and application of ecological management of cotton pests and diseases with intercropping were prospected.  相似文献   

Demographic trends in Claremont California’s street tree population     

《Urban Forestry & Urban Greening》2018

The aim of this study was to quantify street tree population dynamics in the city of Claremont, CA. A repeated measures survey (2000 and 2014) based on a stratified random sampling approach across size classes and for the most abundant 21 species was analyzed to calculate removal, growth, and replacement planting rates. Demographic rates were estimated using a hierarchical Bayesian framework. The community-level (all species) median growth rate was 1.41% per year (95% CI: 1.21–1.65%) with Pinus brutia and Pistacia chinensis growing significantly faster than the community-level median. The community-level median removal rate was 1.03% per year (95% CI: 0.66–1.68%), with no significant differences between species and the community-level medium. Once removed, only 7.2% (95% CI: 4.4–12.9%) were replaced annually. Presence of overhead utility lines influenced tree removal rates while age, diameter-at-breast-height, and prior tree condition influenced tree growth. Overall live aboveground biomass in sampled sites was 713.29 Mg in 2000 and increased to 877.36 Mg by 2014. Biomass gain from growth outweighed loss from removals nearly three-fold; replacement contributed 0.5% of the total biomass gain. We conclude that to increase the resilience of the street tree population will require 1) an increase in percent of full stocking or biomass stock and 2) a shift in the species palette to favor species less vulnerable to pests and expected disturbance from climate change and 3) ongoing monitoring to detect departures from baseline demographic rates.  相似文献   

Incorporating local ecological knowledge into urban riparian restoration in a mountainous region of Southwest China     

《Urban Forestry & Urban Greening》2016

Modern cities use straightened and concrete watercourses with simple greening for riparian zones, which has been criticised for insensitivity to natural system integrity and cultural identity. This increases the challenge to urban ecologists, landscape designers and managers to conceive innovative and effective design solutions that do not jeopardise hydraulic efficiency yet are culturally acceptable to local communities. This paper introduces the field of local ecological knowledge (LEK) as rich sources of inspiration and design solutions to meet this challenge. LEK refers to knowledge and practices of various local cultures about the relationship of living beings (including humans) with their environments. Wepropose a pragmatic framework that integrates LEK with modern landscape design. It includes steps: (1) investigate existing practices, skills andmeasures relating to LEK; (2) explore how and whereLEKcan inspire or integrate withdesign. Here we propose three aspects for integration in accordance with the nature of landscaping process: overall structure, component and maintenance.(3)evaluate and test the integration in terms of its acceptability by local communities. Taking the riparian revegetation project of Hanfeng Lake Urban Wetland Park (Chongqing Municipality) as an example, we illustrate the utility of this framework. 11 local common practices relating to LEK were identified. According to thethree aspects for integration, alternative design solutions were offered. The survey showed that LEK based designwas more highly valued than other conventional ways in terms of useracceptance. We conclude that LEK provides actionable ecologically sound and culturally desirablesolutions for urbanlandscape. We also recognise that LEK evolveswith changing environments and new harmonious and dynamic human-nature relationships arecontinually re-forming. The process of acquisition and application of LEK could encourage multidisciplinary and synthetic approaches to urban ecosystems. Such adaptability and interdisciplinary engagementare crucial totoday’schanging and complexurban environments.  相似文献   

广东新农村建设的现状分析与发展对策     

骆芳芳  曾祥山  王碧青 《热带作物学报》2016,(3):55-58

针对广东新农村建设存在的规划滞后、资源浪费、污染严重、社会管理水平低、环保意识薄弱等问题，提出用生态文明理念引领新农村建设以及建设广东生态文明新农村的对策。  相似文献   

Effects of Calcium Source and Calcium Level on Growth Performance,Immune Organ Indexes,Serum Components,Intestinal Microbiota,and Intestinal Morphology of Broiler Chickens     

《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2020,29(1):106-120

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皖北石灰岩山地不同植被恢复模式对植物群落物种组成及多样性的影响     

刘晓丽  张孝春  刘艺衫  张蔚然  孙涛 《草业科学》2020,(5):845-852

通过研究皖北石灰岩山地生态系统的植被群落,分析不同植被恢复群落的组成、结构、多样性和生活型组成,进而阐明石灰岩山地生态系统植被恢复模式对群落结构特征以及植物物种多样性的影响。结果表明:研究区有54种植物,隶属26科54属。侧柏(Platycladus orientalis)+构树(Broussonetia papyrifera)人工混交林有植物种类16科26种,分别占总数的61.5%和48.1%。酸枣(Ziziphus jujuba var.spinosa)+牡荆(Vitex negundo var.cannabifolia)灌丛和荩草(Arthraxon hispidus)+牡荆草灌丛植物种类分别为32和33种,分别占调查总物种数的59.3%和61.1%。不同植被恢复群落生活型也有差异。侧柏+构树人工混交林群落高位芽植物占优势,而酸枣+牡荆灌丛和荩草+牡荆草灌丛则以地面芽植物所占比例较大。分析表明,多样性指数、均匀度指数和优势度指数均表现为侧柏+构树混交林>酸枣+牡荆灌丛>荩草+牡荆草灌丛,但物种丰富度表现为荩草+牡荆草灌丛>酸枣+牡荆灌丛>侧柏+构树混交林。Sörensen较高值出现在酸枣+牡荆灌丛与侧柏+构树混交林和荩草+牡荆草灌丛之间,侧柏+构树混交林与荩草+牡荆草灌丛Sörensen多样性值较低。研究结果表明,石灰岩山地独特的地貌特征和人工植被恢复对植物群落组成、多样性及其生活型组成产生重要影响。  相似文献   

施用多功能生态肥对番茄生长和经济效益的影响     

王丽娜 《蔬菜》2020,(6):25-29

为了解决敦煌市蔬菜品质差、产量低而不稳的疑难问题,为温室蔬菜安全生产提供技术支撑,进行了多功能生态肥对番茄生长和效益的研究。结果表明:多功能生态肥原料间的主次效应(R)是:B(番茄专用肥,R=26.92)A(有机生态肥,R=24.29)C(土壤消毒杀菌剂,R=12.55);最佳配方组合是:m(有机生态肥)∶m(番茄专用肥)∶m(土壤消毒杀菌剂)=0.818 6∶0.177 4∶0.004 0。施用多功能生态肥与施用传统化肥比较,番茄早疫病发病率和可滴定酸分别降低66.67%和28.00%;株高、生长速度、茎粗、地上部分鲜质量和地上部分干质量分别增加4.45%、3.81%、7.61%、8.40%和6.67%;单果质量、单株果质量、产量、可溶性糖和VC含量分别增加6.23%、9.26%、8.82%、27.46%和23.65%;施肥利润和肥料投资效率分别增加1.84×10~4元/hm~2和1.23元/元。在甘肃省敦煌市肃州镇的温室土壤上施用多功能生态肥,改善了番茄品质,提高了番茄的经济效益。  相似文献   

西藏“两江四河”流域生态化造林绿化模式的探讨     

范志浩 《中南林业调查规划》2015,(2)

生态化造林绿化既是一项生态工程,也是一项社会和经济工程,既强调造林绿化对促进区域自然生态系统向良性循环方向演替的功能,也注重造林绿化对地方经社会发展和满足人们生产生活需求的贡献。依据西藏"两江四河"流域的自然条件和生态状况,从生态化的角度,对区域内造林绿化模式进行了探讨。  相似文献