茶树新品种--梦茗     

查道生  何汉华 《中国茶叶》2020,(4):16-18

"梦茗"系从安徽省岳西县来榜镇优良地方群体种中采用单株选育法育成的适制绿茶新品种。经安徽省内品比、推广示范和全国区试,发现"梦茗"物候期与福鼎大白茶相当,属早生种。品质优异,全国区试3个点感官审评总分均高于对照;内含物含量高,氨基酸含量4.9%、茶多酚总量26.9%、水浸出物总量40%。产量高,品比试验高于福鼎大白茶26.45%,全国区试产量与对照相当。抗旱能力强,抗寒能力与对照相当。  相似文献   

Productive and biochemical responses of durum wheat to UV filtration     

Daniele Grifoni  Marco Napoli  Francesco Sabatini  Simone Orlandini  Marco Mancini  Gaetano Zipoli  Anna Dalla Marta 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2019,205(4):422-432

A UV exclusion experiment was conducted on durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf. var. Claudio) grown in pots. Plants were grown under three different radiative treatments in greenhouses covered with plastic filters: Teflon, transparent to the entire region of natural UV‐visible sunlight (TEF); polyester, transparent above 312 nm (MYL, excluding UVB) and Lee, transparent above 400 nm (LEE, excluding both UVA and UVB). Analyses have been carried out to determine the concentration of photosynthetic pigments in leaves, UV‐absorbing compounds, nitrogen and carbon in leaves, culms and spikes and proteins and gluten in grains. In particular, plants grown under UV exclusion showed a reduction in protein and dry gluten content (consequently without variation in the ratio dry gluten/protein), but at the same time, a significant increase of gluten index, which is a parameter to define the quality of gluten, was observed. The results highlighted the influence played by UV radiation on some biochemical parameters, mainly UV‐absorbing compounds, leaf nitrogen and grain protein characteristics of durum wheat cultivated under Mediterranean conditions. In particular, natural level of UV in the Mediterranean improves the characteristics of durum wheat flour important for pasta production (high dry gluten level), while the UV exclusion could improve characteristics of flour important for bread production (high gluten index).  相似文献   

基于nSSR和cpDNA序列的城步峒茶群体遗传多样性和结构研究     

刘振  成杨  杨培迪  赵洋  宁静  杨阳 《茶叶科学》2020,40(2):250-258

采用简单重复序列标记(nSSR)与叶绿体DNA序列(cpDNA)分析技术,对城步峒茶群体进行了遗传多样性、遗传结构和遗传分化等研究。结果表明,15对nSSR引物在参试81份资源中共获得142个等位位点,平均每对引物9.47个,城步峒茶群体的观测杂合度(Ho)、期望杂合度(He)和Nei期望杂合度(Nei)分别为0.49、0.62和0.62,具有较高的遗传多样性。Structure分析将79份峒茶资源分成3个类群,但各类群的遗传背景较为复杂,没有明显的群体结构。F检验表明,城步峒茶群体的近交系数F_IS为正值(F_IS=0.177 5),群体间的遗传分化系数F_ST较小(F_ST=0.034 5),分化程度较低,基因流Nm较高(Nm=7.01)。3对cpDNA引物分别获得了473 bp(rbcL)、704 bp(matK)和320 bp(psbH-trnA)的片段序列,变异位点占总位点的比例分别为0.42%、0.71%和1.25%。将3个序列依次拼接,共产生了9个单倍型,单倍型数由多到少的居群依次为TXZ(6)、DZC(4)、DPS(4)、TYS(3)、HJZ(2),群体的单倍型多样性(Hd)和核苷酸多样性(π)分别为0.732和0.001 39。9个单倍型中,单倍型H1和H5处于进化网络图的中心节点上,并且包含资源数量最多,属于比较原始的单倍型。同时,nSSR和cpDNA的AMOVA分析结果基本一致,居群内的变异百分比分别达到96.69%和80.54%,城步峒茶的遗传变异主要存在于居群内。  相似文献   

Transcriptomic insights into growth promotion effect of Trichoderma afroharzianum TM2-4 microbial agent on tomato plants          下载免费PDF全文

Juan ZHAO  Ting LIU  Wei-cheng LIU  Dian-peng ZHANG  Dan DONG  Hui-ling WU  Tao-tao ZHANG  De-wen LIU 《农业科学学报》2021,20(5):1266-1276

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桂林市南溪山公园植物资源调查与分析     

黄琼  李在留 《绿色科技》2020,(5):33-35

对桂林市南溪山公园植物的科属、生活型、观赏特性、时序景观表现等多方面进行了调查,同时分析了该公园园林树木的生长环境和养护管理情况,针对桂林市南溪山公园植物存在的问题,提出了搞好园林树木种植、配置、养护的建议与对策,为桂林地区公园植物资源的开发利用提供参考。  相似文献   

基于Labview的植物红光吸收动态监测     

吕丹桔  施心陵  吴云鹏 《林业机械与木工设备》2015,(1)

为了动态监测植物生长过程中对红光的吸收，提出了一种基于Labview光频转换接收探头透射法实时监测植物红光吸收的检测方案，该方案属于无损检测，具有操作安全、简便的特点。  相似文献   

Seed Shattering of Cañahua (Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen)          下载免费PDF全文

J. P. Rodríguez  M. Aro  M. Coarite  S.‐E. Jacobsen  B. Ørting  M. Sørensen  C. Andreasen 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2017,203(3):254-267

Cañahua (Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen) is a semi‐domesticated relative of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) with high nutritious quality. It is tolerant to frost, drought, saline soils and pests. One seed yield limitation is seed loss during the maturity stages. Two greenhouse experiments in Denmark and field experiments in Bolivia were carried out to determine seed shattering in landraces and cultivars with different growth habits. 15–21 % of the seed shattering in the fields took place whilst the plants still were flowering and 25–35 % during physiological maturity. Seed shattering varied between locations on the Bolivian Altiplano. Cañahua types with the semi‐prostrate growth (‘lasta’) had the highest seed shattering rate in the greenhouse experiments. The Umacutama landrace had lower seed shattering (1 %) than the cultivar Kullaca (7.2 %) both of the ‘lasta’ type. Under field conditions, the cultivar Illimani with the erect growth (‘saihua’) had the highest seed shattering rate (6.4–33.7 %) at both locations and at four different sowing dates. The Umacutama had the lowest rate (0.5–1.5 %). There were no significant differences between plants of the ‘lasta’ and the ‘saihua’ types. The landrace had significantly less seed loss than the cultivars. However, in the greenhouse, the landrace yield was approximately 25 % lower than the yields of the cultivars. In general, cañahua cultivars had higher yield compared to landraces, but also a higher seed shattering rate. Landraces may be used in breeding programmes to develop high‐yielding cultivars with reduced seed shattering.  相似文献   

鸡公山自然保护区芳香植物资源调查研究     

赵海燕  哈登龙  杨庆华  琚煜熙 《现代农业科技》2011,(19):237-238,244

鸡公山自然保护区内芳香植物资源丰富,经初步调查,共计26科106种,其中裸子植物4科11种,被子植物22科95种。论述了鸡公山自然保护区芳香植物的种类、分布及精油提取部位,对其开发利用提出了建议。  相似文献   

蚯蚓粪缓解草莓连作土壤障碍的作用   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

田给林  张潞生 《植物营养与肥料学报》2016,22(3):759-767

【目的】土壤灭菌处理已成为草莓生产中土传病害综合管理的重要措施,但是土壤灭菌明显抑制了土壤微生物的活性,影响草莓植株的生长。有机肥中含有大量的生物活性物质,尤其是蚯蚓粪。本研究通过观测连作土壤灭菌后施用不同有机肥对草莓植株地上部和地下部的影响,为减缓草莓植株生长的连作障碍提供有机肥选择。【方法】采用温室盆栽草莓模拟试验,首先在去除土壤化感效应影响基础上设置土壤灭菌和正常土壤栽培两个处理,探讨土壤灭菌对草莓植株不同阶段地上部叶片及地下部根系生长影响,在此基础上以相同连作土壤进行另一个盆栽试验,设置不灭菌土壤加无机肥料(LW)、 加牛粪(LN)、 加蚯蚓粪(LQ)处理,灭菌土壤加无机肥料(LMW)、 加牛粪(LMN)、 加蚯蚓粪(LMQ)共6个处理。调查了不同处理开花前苗期草莓植株地上部叶片及地下部根系的生长状况。【结果】土壤灭菌处理较相应未灭菌处理显著抑制了草莓花前幼苗阶段植株地下部的生长(P＜0.05),在果实成熟期、 盛果期及盛果末期植株生长均存在补长效应。土壤灭菌改变了草莓植株地上部和地下部正常的生长发育进程,植株不同发育阶段根冠比发生变化。无论连作土壤灭菌与否,施用无机肥料处理较施用有机肥处理显著抑制了根系生长(P＜0.05)。在不灭菌土壤上,施用蚯蚓粪处理草莓植株根系总长、 根系总表面积、 根尖数及根叉数与施用牛粪处理差异不显著,但灭菌土壤上,施加蚯蚓粪与施加牛粪相比,显著增加了草莓植株根系总长、 根系表面积及根叉数(P＜0.05)。【结论】蚯蚓粪与牛粪和无机肥料相比具有显著的生物活性。在草莓连作土壤灭菌后施用具有生物活性的蚯蚓粪,可以促进根系生长,缓解土壤灭菌对草莓植株生长发育的影响,是值得推荐的有效措施。  相似文献   

Field‐grown Cotton Exhibits Seasonal Variation in Photosynthetic Heat Tolerance without Exposure to Heat‐stress or Water‐deficit Conditions          下载免费PDF全文

J. L. Snider  D. R. Chastain  G. D. Collins 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2015,201(4):312-320

Thermotolerance acclimation of photosystem II to heat and drought is well documented, but studies demonstrating developmental impacts on heat tolerance in field‐grown plants are limited. Consequently, climatic variables, estimated canopy temperature, predawn leaf water potential (Ψ_PD), and the temperature responses of maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (F_v/F_m), variable fluorescence (F_v/F₀), quantum yield of electron transport (φ_Eο) and efficiency of PSI electron acceptor reduction (REο/ABS) were characterized for Gossypium hirsutum at three sample times during the growing season (21 June, 2 July and 18 July 2013) under well‐watered conditions. The temperature decreasing a given photosynthetic parameter 15% from the optimum is referred to as T₁₅ and served as a standardized measure of heat tolerance. Ambient and estimated canopy temperatures were well within the optimal range for cotton throughout the sample period, and leaves were verified well watered using Ψ_PD measurements. However, T₁₅ varied with sample date (highest on July 2 for all parameters), being 2 °C (F_v/F₀) to 5.5 °C (φ_Eο) higher on July 2 relative to June 21, despite optimal temperature conditions and predawn leaf water potential on all sample dates. These findings suggest that even under optimum temperature conditions and water availability, heat tolerance could be influenced by plant developmental stage.  相似文献