雄性不育及育性恢复基因表达载体的构建   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李宏业  刘玉乐  梁承邺  范树国 《热带作物学报》1999,20(2):53-56

将拟南芥花药特异表达启动子A6与核酸酶基因融合构建不育基因,与核酸酶Bamase特异抑制剂Barstar基因融合构建育性恢复基因,再分别与抗除草剂溴苯睛基因表达盒bxn串联,形成紧密连锁,分别构建植物雄性不育和育性恢复基因表达载体pwP一AN及pwp一AS,以抗澳苯睛基因作为转化和繁殖、制种过程的筛选标记。  相似文献   

广东省凤梨科观赏植物真菌病害鉴定     

曾莉  戚佩坤  姜子德 《热带作物学报》2004,25(3):47-52

为给观赏植物病害的防治提供科学依据,根据病害症状和病原菌的形态特征以及有关文献的分类系统,鉴定了1998-2000年在广东调查的12种凤梨科观赏植物真菌病害,即围小丛壳[Glomerrellacinghlata(Stonem.)Spauld.etSchrenk]、辣椒刺盘孢[Colletotrichumcapsici(Syd.)Butl.etBisby]、水塔花星裂盘菌(PhacidiumbillergiaeL.ZengetP.K.Chi)、凤梨顶多毛孢菌(BartaliniaananassaL.Zeng,Z.D.JiangetP.K.Chi)、可可球二孢(BotryodiplodiatheobromaePat.)、钝头粘盘孢菌(ColletogloeumobtusumSutton)、油球拟茎点霉[Phomopsisdiplodinoides(Sacc.)Punith.]、筒凤梨拟茎点霉(PhomopsisspectabilisV.G.Rao&B.R.D.Yadav)引起的叶斑病,灰霉(BotrytiscinereaPers.)引起的花腐及分别由强雄腐霉(PythiumarrhenomanesDrechsler)、簇囊腐霉(PythiumtorulosumCoker&Patterson)和蕨柱帚霉(Cylindrocladiumpteridis Wolf)引起的根茎腐、叶基茎基腐和茎基腐。其中,星裂盘菌叶斑病、顶多毛孢叶斑病为凤梨科观赏植物的新病害;钝头粘盘孢菌、油球拟茎点霉为中国真菌新记录种。在温室生产中,以围小丛壳引起的叶炭疽病、筒凤梨拟茎点霉引起的叶斑病发生普遍而严重;根茎腐、叶基茎基腐和茎基腐在部分生产单位常引起死苗或死株  相似文献   

不同林型红松林土壤真菌群落组成和多样性     

陈秀波  朱德全  赵晨晨  张路路  陈立新  段文标 《土壤学报》2019,56(5):1221-1234

采用基于ITS(Internal Transcribed Spacer)序列的Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术,分析凉水国家级自然保护区的云冷杉红松林、椴树红松林、红松人工林和红松天然次生林四种林型的土壤真菌群落组成和多样性。共获得1 316个OTUs,四种林型的土壤含有大量未知真菌,在已知真菌类群中,子囊菌门(Ascomycota)和担子菌门(Basidiomycota)为优势菌门,其中后者在四种林型土壤中的分布差异显著(P0.05)。α多样性分析结果表明:原始红松林(云冷杉红松林和椴树红松林)真菌群落丰富度指数(Ace和Chao1指数)显著高于红松天然次生林(P0.05)。β多样性分析显示:四种林型土壤真菌群落组成差异显著(R=0.537,P=0.001),但两种原始红松林之间、人工林和天然次生林之间组成无显著差异。土壤全氮、总有机碳、pH、水分含量和总孔隙度是显著影响四种林型土壤真菌群落组成的环境因子(P0.05)。研究结果为原始红松林的保护、人工植被恢复和真菌资源的开发利用提供依据。  相似文献   

玉米乙烯应答元件结合蛋白基因启动子克隆与功能验证     

刘鑫  邹郁陶  牟巍  李晚忱  付凤玲 《核农学报》2016,(4):629-637

为了给玉米转基因研究提供更多的非生物逆境诱导启动子,寻找只在逆境胁迫条件下适当驱动外源抗逆基因的表达,在生物信息学分析的基础上,克隆与水稻DREB1B转录因子基因同源的玉米乙烯应答元件结合蛋白基因sb CBF6的启动子psb CBF6,在非生物逆境应答元件分析和实时定量PCR验证其非生物逆境胁迫响应特性后,用以构建驱动报告基因GUS的表达载体,并使用基因枪法转化玉米愈伤组织,通过愈伤组织的GUS荧光值与荧光素酶发光值的比值,评价psb CBF6启动子在非生物逆境胁迫及激素诱导条件下的驱动活性。结果表明,sb CBF6基因在各种非生物逆境胁迫下差异表达。psb CBF6启动子长1 479 bp,存在多种与非生物逆境胁迫应答相关的调控元件,可在非生物胁迫条件下驱动外源抗逆基因在转基因植物中诱导表达。试验结果为研究抗逆转基因玉米提了供参考。  相似文献   

Specific Responses of Soil Microbial Residue Carbon to Long-Term Mineral Fertilizer Applications to Reddish Paddy Soils     

ZHANG Xinyu  XIE Juan  YANG Fengting  DONG Wenyi  DAI Xiaoqin  YANG Yang  SUN Xiaomin 《土壤圈》2018,28(3):488-496

Mineral nutrient inputs to soil may alter microbial activity and consequently influence the accumulation of microbial residues. In this study, we investigated the effects of application rates and ratios of mineral fertilizers on the microbial residue carbon(MRC) of reddish paddy soils after long-term(15-year) fertilizer applications in southern China. Contents of three soil amino sugars as microbial residue contents were determined and MRC were calculated based on amino sugars. Results showed that three individual amino sugar contents increased as fertilizer application rates increased until maximum values were reached at a rate of 450-59-187 kg ha~(-1) year~(-1)(N-P-K). The three amino sugar contents then declined significantly under the highest mineral fertilizer application rate of 675-88-280 kg ha~(-1) year~(-1)(N-P-K). In addition, to enhance the microbial residue contents, it was more beneficial to double P(N:P:K= 1:0.26:0.41) in fertilizers applied to the P-deficient reddish paddy soils than to double either N(N:P:K = 2:0.13:0.41) or K(N:P:K= 1:0.13:0.82). The contents of the three individual amino sugars and microbial residues under different fertilizer application rates and ratios were significantly and positively correlated with soil organic carbon(SOC), total N, total P, and p H. Increases in values of the fungal C to bacterial C ratios showed that soil organic matter(SOM) stability increased because of the fertilizer applications over the past 15 years. The contents and ratios of amino sugars can be used as indicators to evaluate the impact of mineral fertilizer applications on SOM dynamics in subtropical paddy soils. The results indicated that fertilizer applications at a rate of 450-59-187 kg ha~(-1) year~(-1)(N-P-K) may improve crop yields, SOC contents, and SOC stability in subtropical paddy soils.  相似文献   

不同促腐条件下秸秆直接还田对土壤养分时空动态变化的影响   总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10  

张电学  韩志卿  刘微  高书国  侯东军  李国舫  常连生 《土壤通报》2005,36(3):360-364

通过两年田间定位试验,研究了冀东地区玉米秸秆连续直接还田对土壤氮素和磷素养分时空动态变化的影响。结果表明,玉米秸秆直接还田可明显提高土壤氮素和磷素供应水平。在调节秸秆C/N15∶1~35∶1范围内,调节秸秆不同C/N未改变秸秆还田后的转化进程,其转化对土壤氮素和磷素时空动态变化的影响亦无明显差异。在调节秸秆C/N的前提下配施促腐剂,使秸秆还田后的转化进程明显加快。  相似文献   

Expression Pattern of Ａ Recombinant Phloem-specific Promoter from Pumpkin in Transgenic Potato Plants     

张科  吴家和  陈晓英  殷奎德  方荣祥  田颖川 《农业生物技术学报》2006,14(4):555-558

以本实验室构建的重组南瓜(Cucurbita moschata)韧皮部特异启动子dENP构建了植物表达载体pBdENP。利用根癌农杆菌(Agrobacterium tumefaciens)LBA44O4介导转化马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum)品种Favorita，经过抗生素筛选，共获得转pBdENP和对照pBI121的抗卡那霉素马铃薯再生植株106株。通过PCR初步筛查，筛选出65株为转基因阳性植株。通过Southern blot对部分植株进一步分析,确证外源gus基因已经插入到转基因马铃薯植株的基因组中，插入拷贝数在1个或2个以上。对这些转基因马铃薯植株进行GUS染色结果表明, dENP和CaMV35S启动子一样均能驱动gus基因的表达，前者仅在马铃薯的韧皮部内特异表达，而CaMV35S启动子驱动的gus基因为组成型性表达。GUS酶活力测定结果进一步表明dENP和CaMV35S启动子驱动gus基因表达水平没有明显区别。以上结果证明dENP启动子驱动的外源基因在马铃薯中也具有韧皮部特异而高效表达的特征，从而可用于马铃薯抗病、抗蚜虫转基因研究。  相似文献   

番茄果实特异性启动子2A11的基因克隆及功能研究     

林炳英  李梅  林德钦  金志强 《中国农学通报》2006,22(10):62-62

采用巢式PCR技术从番茄基因组DNA克隆到长度1.3kp的果实特异性2A11启动子基因。序列分析表明,克隆到的基因序列2A11启动子转录起始位点上游的621bp处缺失了已报道的番茄2A11启动子基因（GenBank ID M87659,1993）序列中的“tatattgttaacttcttgttgaattaaagcaat”片段,其同源性为61%,登入GenBank,ID号为DQ453963;构建植物表达载体pCAMBIA2A11,用农杆菌介导侵染番茄果实,GUS基因瞬间表达结果表明,该2A11启动子基因具有驱动GUS基因在番茄果实中特异性表达的功能。研究结果表明成功地获得2A11果实特异性启动子基因,为下一步转基因番茄口服疫苗的研制奠定了一定的基础。  相似文献   

棉花arf1启动子驱动Cry1A基因在烟草中特异性表达研究     

管敏  崔洪志  张锐  郭三堆 《作物学报》2008,34(4):565-570

在新一代Bt作物以及Bt作物安全性研究方面, Bt毒蛋白在植物特定发育阶段的表达特性渐受关注。本研究构建了植物表达载体pGBI121.A1Bt, 其携带棉花arf1启动子驱动Cry1A基因的表达盒, 启动子后面有一个Ω序列; 对照载体pGBI121.4AB携带P2E35S启动子(增强子加倍的修饰CaMV 35S启动子)驱动Cry1A基因的表达盒, 在启动子后面也有一个Ω序列。利用根癌农杆菌介导法, 将植物表达载体pGBI121.4AB和pGBI121.A1Bt转化烟草, 分别获得44株和42株转基因烟草再生植株。ELISA检测表明, 在pGBI121.A1Bt转基因烟草的蒴果、蒴果壳、花瓣和叶中Cry1A基因的平均表达水平分别为pGBI121.4AB的1.5、1.5、1.4和0.3倍。棉花arf1启动子在烟草中表达, 证明了该启动子在植物生殖器官中具有优势表达特性, 为arf1启动子应用于转基因抗虫棉, 在棉花蕾铃中优势表达Bt毒蛋白, 提高转基因棉花蕾铃抗虫性的新一代抗虫棉研究提供了依据。  相似文献   

Can placement of seed away from relic stubble limit Rhizoctonia root rot in direct-seeded wheat?     

Ryan A. Davis  David Huggins  R. James Cook  Timothy C. Paulitz   《Soil & Tillage Research》2008,101(1-2):37-43

Rhizoctonia root rot of wheat can be a problem in no-till systems, especially during the transition from conventional tillage. There are no effective chemical controls or resistant varieties, leaving only cultural methods to manage this disease. In a no-till system, residue and inoculum of soilborne pathogens are not moved by cultivation, therefore the inoculum may be concentrated in the seeding row of the previous year. Using GPS tracking systems with sub-meter accuracy, the seeding row could be placed away from the row of the previous year. We tested the hypothesis that seeding away from the relic row may reduce Rhizoctonia root rot. In two field experiments, plants were sampled at three distances from the seed row, as well as from fumigated plots. Intact soil cores were also removed from the field, planted with seeds at various distances from the previous row, and grown in the greenhouse under controlled conditions. Pasteurized cores served as controls. Disease levels were higher in the field in the second year, but there was no consistent effect of seed row placement on disease or plant parameters. However, soil fumigation and pasteurization had significant effects, indicating that soilborne pathogens were active. Inoculum of Rhizoctonia is not produced in the crowns and lower stems of the plant, but the pathogen survives in living and dead roots of the previous year crop, volunteers, and grassy weeds. Thus, high inoculum densities may be present in between the relic rows, as well as within the rows. If this is the situation with Rhizoctonia, precision placement of seed rows would not be efficacious.  相似文献