Fertile maize lines obtained from isolated microspores     

B. Szarka  M. Dévényi  S. Mórocz 《Euphytica》2001,122(1):53-60

Microspore response of three- way cross maize hybrid genotype 3AL/95 (Zea mays L.) was studied under simplified isolation and culture conditions. Fertile plant production was achieved through abundant plant regeneration. As a total, microspores of 160 tassels were inoculated and five sustainable microspore derived callus cultures (SMC) were obtained. Hybrid seeds (ML SC), which were produced by crossing of regenerates from two SMCs, gave rise to subsequent vigorous and fertile progeny. The response of the 3AL/95 and ML SC microspores was studied in three liquid culture media in order to improve the early viability of microspores. Them N6M medium provided better survival of cultured microspores (p = 5%) than the ppN6M/89 and the YPM-G media. The pH 5.8 in mN6M medium revealed significant increase (p = 1%) in microspore viability as compared to pH 3.0. The ML SC microspores showed higher viability(30%) on the first day of culture in the mN₆M than those of the3AL/95 (19%) but without improved rate of callus formation and plant regeneration. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

葡萄二倍体和四倍体杂交胚挽救的影响因素     

郭印山  郭修武  张海娥  李轶晖  李成祥 《果树学报》2006,23(1):115-117

采用L25(55)的正交试验设计,对葡萄二倍体和四倍体杂交胚挽救过程中的影响因素如培养基种类、接种时间、植物生长物质浓度等进行了研究。结果表明:影响胚挽救成苗率最重要的是接种时间,然后依次是IBA浓度、GA3浓度、培养基种类和6-BA浓度。获得了一批胚挽救实生苗,最高出苗率达到73.08%。  相似文献   

Evaluation of some Newly Developed Diploid Hybrids and their Breeding Value in 4x-2x Crosses     

BU Qing yun  LU Wen he  CHEN Yi li  TIAN Xing ya  WANG Feng yi  QIN Xin 《东北农业大学学报(英文版)》2002,9(1)

1　Introduction　　The common potato,Solanum tuberosum L.( tbr,2 n=4 x=4 8) ,is a tetrasomic tetroploidwith a very narrow genetic base( Howard,1 970 ) h,to a large extent,limits the progress innew cultivar development.Fortunately,there are still rich germplasm in South America,theorigin center of potato.Potato has approximately 2 2 6 related tuber- bearing species( Harwkes,1 990 ) ,which constitute important reservoirs of genes for resistance to adversebiotic and abiotic stresses.Most of th…  相似文献   

四倍体玫瑰香葡萄形态特征与生长发育规律   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

朱子英  皇甫中泗 《河北农业大学学报》1995,18(3):5-9

通过１０ａ的研究，培育出了四倍体玫瑰香葡萄，其生物学特性与原二倍体玫瑰香葡萄比较，具有生长势强，坐果率高，成熟期早，果穗大，品质好等特点，是一个值得推广的优良的品种。  相似文献   

黄花菜二倍体与四倍体植株的比较解剖学初步研究     

刘选明  何立珍  刘清波 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》1994,(3)

研究材料为黄花菜（ＨｅｍｅｒｏｃａｌｌｉｓｃｉｔｒｉｎａＢａｒ）二倍体“长嘴子花”和同源四倍体“ＨＡＣ－大花长嘴子花”．研究结果表明：黄花菜植株的形态结构既有一般单子叶植物的某些特征，又有与其生活环境相适应的自身特点．四倍体与二倍体相比较，其器官巨型化，组成各器官的组织细胞也普遍随之增大，且其根尖分生细胞的核仁数，茎、叶和花瓣中的维管束数目也均增多，四倍体花粉粒明显大于二倍体，并常有异常花粉粒的产生．本文还对四倍体黄花菜高产优质与形态结构的相关性进行了讨论．  相似文献   

黄花菜同源四倍体与二倍体形态及细胞遗传学分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

何立珍  周朴华  刘选民 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》1994,(4)

将二倍体黄花菜诱变成同源四倍体黄花菜，一般表现花蕾增大、增重，品质提高．本试验用秋水仙碱处理黄花菜“长嘴子花”组培中所形成的球状体，诱导成变异试管苗．经鉴定和选育，首次获得食用黄花菜同源四倍体新品系．该四倍体与二倍体在外部形态、产量性状、品质特性、细胞学及细胞遗传学特征上明显不同．  相似文献   

亚二倍体嵌合体母猪及其子代染色体组型分析     

邱家祥  喻春元 《仲恺农业技术学院学报》2002,15(1):38-41

报告了 1头亚二倍体嵌合体的母猪 (4 0 3号 ) .在所检查的 19个中期相细胞中 ,染色体组型为 36,XX ,- 4D , 2rob(15 ;17)的核型有 4个 (2 1% ) ;37,XX ,- 2D , rob(15 ;17)的核型有 15个(79% ) .对其所产的 10头仔猪进行染色体检查 ,发现其中有 1头雄性仔猪 (4 87号 )为 36,XY ,- 4D , 2rob(15 ;17)的纯合子 ,有 1头雌性仔猪 (5 79号 )为亚二倍体 二倍体嵌合体 ,在其被检的 16个细胞中 ,有 2个为 36,XX ,- 4D , 2rob(15 ;17) (12 .5 % ) ,14个为 38,XX(87.5 % ) .其余 8头仔猪及配种公猪的染色体检查均为正常二倍体 38,XX(XY)核型  相似文献   

提高马铃薯双单倍体花药培养产生胚状体及再生植株频率的研究     

冉毅东  王蒂  戴朝曦 《中国马铃薯》1996,(2)

用三种不同温度前处理和三种培养基相配合对７个从双单倍体马铃薯（Ｓ．ｔｕｂｅｒａｓｕｍＬ，２ｎ＝２ｘ＝２４）中随机抽取的品系进行了花药培养，选择出了较好的培养基和前处理的适宜温度及方法．从双单倍体花药中诱导产生胚状体及再生植株频率有所提高达２７．５％和８．８％．倍性鉴定表明，从双单倍体诱导的胚状体分化的植株绝大多数为二倍体，而且多数为纯合体，说明这些胚状体来自己减数的配子，可能是由在胚状体发育过程中的体细胞染色体加倍形成的．  相似文献   

不同二倍体和四倍体小麦成熟胚再生体系研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

邱肖迪雍遇乐  刘小刚汝锦龙郭蔼光  刘香利 《中国农学通报》2012,28(15):126-130

为了研究不同基因型和培养条件对小麦成熟胚愈伤组织诱导和分化的影响,以硬粒小麦、墨西里卡、野生一粒麦Tu和野生一粒麦Tb为实验材料,对其成熟胚在不同激素配比下愈伤组织的诱导和植株分化进行研究。结果表明,不同基因型小麦成熟胚愈伤组织诱导、分化及再生均存在很大差异。其中硬粒小麦的成熟胚培养效果最佳,其愈伤组织在不同2,4-D浓度（1.0~4.0 mg/L）下诱导率均在93%以上。不同激素配比对成熟胚愈伤组织绿点率、再生率均有显著影响。硬粒小麦、墨西里卡、野生一粒麦Tb在激素配比为KT 1.5 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L的分化培养基中培养效果最好,其绿点率分别为85.22%,61.67%,8.50%,成苗率分别为40.40%,32.06%,1.72%;而野生一粒麦Tu的最适分化培养基激素配比为KT 1.0 mg/L +NAA 1.0 mg/L,其绿点率和再生率分别为18.64%和8.47%。研究表明,基因型是影响二倍体和四倍体小麦成熟胚培养的主要因素,愈伤组织的诱导和植株的再生是相互独立的。  相似文献   

Effect of ploidy on the mortality of Crassostrea gigas spat caused by OsHV‐1 in France using unselected and selected OsHV‐1 resistant oysters          下载免费PDF全文

Lionel Dégremont  Christophe Ledu  Elise Maurouard  Max Nourry  Abdellah Benabdelmouna 《Aquaculture Research》2016,47(3):777-786

The effect of ploidy on the mortality of Crassostrea gigas spat caused by the ostreid herpesvirus (OsHV‐1) genotype μVar was investigated at five sites along the Atlantic coast in France in 2011. Sibling diploids and triploids were produced using either unselected or selected OsHV‐1‐resistant oysters. No significant interactions were found between the factors of environment, genotype and ploidy at the endpoint dates. The mean mortality rates at the sites were 62% and 59% for diploids and triploids, respectively, and the two rates were not significantly different. The mean mortality rates were 33% and 32% for sibling diploids and triploids, respectively, when OsHV‐1‐resistant parents were used and 91% and 85%, respectively, when unselected parents were used. The results were confirmed through other broodstocks tested in 2013. Our study is the first to clearly show that mortality related to OsHV‐1 is similar between diploids and triploids in C. gigas when the same germplasm is used for both ploidy. Furthermore, OsHV‐1 resistance was not substantially altered by triploidization, indicating that the achieved selective breeding of diploid oysters for OsHV‐1 resistance can be translated into improved survival in triploids.  相似文献