Blood oxygen transport and hemoglobin function in three tropical fish species from northern Australian freshwater billabongs     

R.M.G. Wells  J. Baldwin  R.S. Seymour  R.E. Weber 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1997,16(3):247-258

The oxygen binding properties of whole blood and hemoglobin were studied in three phylogenetically distant tropical teleosts inhabiting freshwater billabongs that exhibit marked seasonal oxygen stratification. The water breathing saratoga (Scleropages jardinii, Family Osteoglossidae), derived from an ancient divergence of the stem line leading to all other extant teleosts, has a low blood oxygen carrying capacity, Bohr and Root effect, and a high blood oxygen affinity. Erythrocytes contain a single major hemoglobin component, and equimolar concentrations of ATP and GTP. The tarpon (Megalops cyprinoides, Family Megalopidae), a facultative air-breather, has the highest blood oxygen carrying capacity and Bohr effect, and a low blood oxygen affinity and Root effect. Erythrocytes contain a single major hemoglobin and ATP as a putative regulator of hemoglobin oxygen affinity. Barramundi (Lates calcarifer, Family Centropomidae), is an obligate water-breather with intermediate blood oxygen binding properties, and the smallest Root effect. Erythrocytes contain at least 7 hemoglobins, and equimolar concentrations of ATP and GTP. Functional properties of these three blood oxygen transport systems are considered in terms of the respiratory environment and demand for oxygen. Our interpretation supports the hypothesis that the process of speciation can lead to divergence in physiological mechanisms, irrespective of past or present selection pressures.  相似文献   

Hemoglobin and subunit multiplicity in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) hemoglobin system     

A. Fago  E. Forest  R.E. Weber 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2001,24(4):335-342

Hemoglobin (Hb) multiplicity is a commonly used index of phylogenetic differentiation and molecular adaptation in fish. Despite improvements in technologies for characterizing protein structure, our knowledge of the component composition of the Hb system in rainbow trout, Oncorhychus mykiss, has remained almost unchanged through three decades. The Hb is considered to consist of four components, of which two (HbI and HbIV) have been extensively characterised with regard to structure and function. Using a variety of molecular techniques we demonstrate the presence of at least nine different Hb fractions composed of nine (five α and four β globin) chains, and that HbI and HbIV consist of two and five individual components, respectively. These findings indicate that the published data on trout HbI and HbIV refer to mixtures of isoHbs and need to be reappraised. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

The nature of hematological response in fish     

A. H. Houston  N. Dobric  R. Kahurananga 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1996,15(4):339-347

Hematological status was examined in rainbow trout,Oncorhynchus mykiss, held for 3–4 weeks under temperature, photoperiod and P_{O 2} conditions approximating those of their winter, spring and summer habitats. The most striking change observed was in red cell population composition. In winter fish mature cells were predominant; juvenile and developing erythrocytes characterized spring and summer animals. Hemoglobin, hematocrit and both mean erythrocytic volume and hemoglobin were modestly lower in spring and summer than in winter fish. Red cell numbers were not significantly affected. These observations suggest that avoidance of viscosity-based increases in circulatory work cost is more advantageous than elevation of blood O₂-carrying capacity. Although hemoglobin isomorph profiles were significantly altered, there is little evidence that such changes are of critical adaptive importance. Given presumed age-based reduction in gas transport effectiveness, the replacement of mature and senescent cells by more metabolically-competent juvenile cells appears to be the pivotal event in hematological response. Leucocyte counts were significantly elevated in spring and summer as compared to winter fish. Lymphocyte/heterophil ratios declined from 8.27 in winter fish to 3.13 in summer trout. Thrombocyte, monocyte, eosinophil and basophil abundances were little changed.  相似文献   

Variable versus constant temperature acclimation regimes: Effects on hemoglobin isomorph profile in goldfish,Carassius auratus     

A. H. Houston  Julie H. Gingras-Bedard 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1994,13(6):445-450

Goldfish,Carassius auratus, were acclimated for 2 to 3.5 weeks to three temperature regimes: [1] temporally-constant (10, 20 and 30°C), [2] diurnally-cycling (20 ± 10°C) and [3] randomly-fluctuating (± 2°C at approximately 2h intervals between extremes of 10 and 30°C). No significant differences in hematocrit were evident. Hemoglobin levels in fish at constant 30°C and under randomly fluctuating temperature were significantly elevated. Of the three hemoglobin isomorphs observed, the two minor components (G₁, G₃) tended to decrease in relative abundance with increase in constant temperature, but increased under varying temperature regimes. The converse was true of the principal hemoglobin, G₂. Extent of isomorph variation was correlated with extent of temperature variability. These observations confirm that temperature variability significantly effects thermoacclimatory response. The functional significance of changes in isomorph abundances during the acclimatory process is considered.  相似文献   

中国水牛血红蛋白多态性及命名研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

史荣仙  赖松家 《南京农业大学学报》1995,18(3):94-99

采用醋酸纤维薄膜法首次系统分析了中国１２个水牛地方类群１０７１头水牛的血红蛋白多态性。结果表明，中国水牛血红蛋白受Ｈｂ＾Ａ，Ｈｂ＾Ｂ，Ｈｂ＾Ｃ３个等位基因控制，其频率分别为０．０７６１，０．８８５２和０．０３８７，Ｈｂ＾Ｃ基因系首次命名。聚类分析表明，中国水牛名地方类群间亲缘关系较近。  相似文献   

大鲵α1-血红蛋白基因的生物信息学分析及组织表达研究          下载免费PDF全文

杨辉  艾闽  李锋刚  刘小林  王立新 《家畜生态学报》2012,33(6):11-15

 从大鲵皮肤cDNA文库中分离获得大鲵α1 血红蛋白基因全长cDNA序列,生物信息学分析表明,大鲵α 血红蛋白基因全长cDNA序列为594 bp,开放阅读框共432 bp,编码144个氨基酸,编码的大鲵α1 血红蛋白推测的理论分子量为16048.3 u,等电点为6.44。氨基酸组成中酸性氨基酸11.9%,中性氨基酸69.9%,碱性氨基酸18.2%。结构分析表明,该蛋白没有信号肽,但在100~122个氨基酸处以及98~122个氨基酸处分别有由里向外、由外向里的跨膜螺旋区,二级结构以α 螺旋为主。氨基酸序进行同源性列比对表明与人、猕猴的亲缘关系最近,和牛蛙的亲缘关系最低只有35%。荧光定量PCR结果表明,α1 血红蛋白基因在肌肉中表达量最高,在胃中最低。  相似文献   

血红素铁对仔猪生长性能和血液指标的影响     

江国永  于伟  潘勇  高冬余  成国祥 《饲料与畜牧》2012,(6):42-44

选取120头28日龄断奶仔猪,随机分成4个处理组,即对照组和3个试验组,每组3个重复,每个重复10头。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1组、试验2组、试验3组分别饲喂基础日粮中血红素铁净添加量为27.5mg/kg、55.0mg/kg、85.0mg/kg的3种试验日粮,研究日粮中添加血红素铁对断奶仔猪的生长性能、血液指标(血红蛋白浓度、免疫球蛋白浓度)的影响。试验正试期14d。结果表明,血红素铁各添加量组均能够提高仔猪的生长性能,日粮中血红素铁添加量为55mg/kg时,仔猪平均日增重、饲料转化率较对照组分别提高12.02%和10.27%(P<0.05)。血红素铁对断奶仔猪有良好的促生长作用,也在一定程度上提高了仔猪血液中血红蛋白和IgG浓度。  相似文献   

发色剂对中式香肠营养、风味成分的影响     

唐宏刚  朱培培  肖朝耿  杨慧娟  任发政  郭慧媛  陈黎洪 《核农学报》2019,33(12):2405-2413

为寻求应用于肉制品加工的亚硝酸盐替代物,以中式香肠为研究对象,从感官评价、营养成分及挥发性风味物质组成探究不同发色剂(试验组1:0.5%甜菜粉+50 mg·kg^-1亚硝酸钠、试验组2:0.1%甜菜粉+0.06%改性血红蛋白、试验组3:100 mg·kg^-1亚硝酸钠)对产品营养和风味品质的影响。结果表明,试验组1和2香肠的外观、色泽和口感与试验组3差异不显著,且均与对照组差异显著(P<0.05);试验组1氨基酸总含量显著高于其他组(P<0.05);试验组2脂肪酸含量相对最高,其中十八碳二烯酸含量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05);通过风味分析,试验组1、试验组2分别检出27、26种挥发性成分,风味物质种类多于试验组3,其中试验组2醛类、酯类化合物含量相对较高,风味更好。本研究结果为中式香肠加工过程中亚硝酸盐的有效替代,提升中式香肠品质提供了一定的技术指导。  相似文献   

The effect of lead poisoning on hematologic and biochemical values in trumpeter swans and Canada geese     

Katavolos P  Staempfli S  Sears W  Gancz AY  Smith DA  Bienzle D 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2007,36(4):341-347

BACKGROUND: Lead is a persistent contaminant in the environment, and waterfowl are susceptible to lead toxicity from ingestion of lead pellets and fishing weights. Lead affects numerous physiologic processes through inhibition of enzyme activity and protein function, but its effects on commonly assessed avian blood values are incompletely understood. OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to evaluate hematologic and biochemical changes associated with blood lead concentrations in trumpeter swans and Canada geese. METHODS: Data for CBCs, plasma biochemical profiles (total protein, albumin, glucose, cholesterol, total bilirubin, calcium, phosphorus, gamma-glutamyltransferase [GGT], aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, amylase, and lipase), and whole blood lead concentrations were retrospectively analyzed for 69 trumpeter swans and 52 Canada geese. Laboratory data obtained prospectively from an additional 20 trumpeter swans also were included. RBC morphology was semiquantitated in blood smears from 70 of the birds. Data were analyzed initially by ANOVA and covariance. A statistical model then was constructed to determine the relationship between each parameter and lead concentration. RESULTS: In both avian species, PCV, hemoglobin concentration, and MCHC decreased significantly (P < .05) with increasing blood lead concentration. Uric acid concentration and GGT activity were increased in trumpeter swans and phosphorus concentration was decreased in Canada geese in association with high blood lead concentration (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Lead toxicosis induced significant changes in the values of commonly measured hematologic parameters in waterfowl. These changes may be useful indicators of severe lead intoxication during routine laboratory assessment. Changes in clinical chemistry values, although statistically significant, were too inconsistent to serve as indicators of lead toxicosis.  相似文献   

Serum biochemistry and hematology values and hemoglobin electrophoresis in Persian squirrels (Sciurus anomalus)     

Asadi F  Rostami A  Asadian P  Pourkabir M 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2007,36(2):188-191

BACKGROUND: Serum biochemical and hematologic parameters are important in the management of game species in Iran, such as Persian squirrels. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to establish baseline serum chemistry and hematology values in Persian squirrels (Sciurus anomalus) and describe blood cell morphology and the electrophoretic pattern of hemoglobin. METHODS: Blood samples were collected from 30 Persian squirrels (Sciurus anomalus) maintained in captivity in the Tehran Zoo. Blood was placed into EDTA and serum clot tubes and analyzed using standard manual hematology and biochemical techniques. Hemoglobin electrophoresis was done on cellulose acetate paper strips. RESULTS: Minimum, maximum, and median values were obtained for 11 hematologic and 12 serum chemistry parameters. Hypersegmented neutrophils were observed frequently. We did not find basophils or band neutrophils. Hemoglobin electophoresis resulted in a band slightly anodal to that of human hemoglobin A. CONCLUSION: Biochemical and hematologic values in Persian squirrels were comparable to those of related species, and may be used as a standard profile for healthy Persian squirrels kept in captivity.  相似文献