Comparative Embryological Studies on Infertility of Interspecific Hybridizations Between Oryza sativa with Different Ploidy Levels and O. officinalis     

FU Xue-lin  LU Yong-gen  LIU Xiang-dong  LI Jin-quan  ZHAO Xing-juan 《水稻科学》2009,16(1):58-64

As maternal parents, diploid (L202-2x) and autotetraploid (L202-4x) of Oryza sativa cv. L202 were crossed with O. officinalis. Embryo development and fertilization in these two crosses were comparatively studied. There were no mature hybrid seeds obtained because all the hybridized spikelets died 30 days after pollination. The main reasons for no seed set were abnormal fertilization and development of the embryos and endosperms in the interspecific hybrids. There were double- fertilization, egg cell single-fertilization and non-fertilization in these crosses. Although 59.45% and 54.87% of hybrid embryos produced in the crosses of L202-2x/O. officinalis and L202-4x/O. officinalis, respectively, hybrid embryos ceased to develop or degenerated and plenty of free endosperm nuclei were in disaggregating state without developing cellular endosperms three days after pollination. Besides, some embryological differences in these two crosses were found, that is, the rate of double-fertilization and total rate of double- and single-fertilization in L202-2x/O. officinalis were higher than those in L202-4x/O. officinalis. The embryo and endosperm of hybrids developed more slowly, and embryos and free endosperm nuclei were more severely degenerated in L202-4x/O. officinalis than in L202-2x/O. officinalis. Five days after pollination, a few of embryos in L202-2x/O. officinalis developed into pear-shaped ones, however, embryos in L202-4x/O. officinalis were all degenerated. Therefore, it is more difficult to obtain interspecific hybrids by wide crosses between autotetraploid of O. sativa and O. officinalis.  相似文献   

卵巢机能无障碍不孕症奶牛的细菌分离     

王军  曹梅艳  姜才  韩苏廷  张铁锋 《中国农业大学学报》2008,13(6)

确定卵巢机能无障碍子宫内膜炎不孕症奶牛子宫内细菌的感染状态.在调查奶牛不孕症的基础上,对临床确诊为卵巢机能无障碍子宫内膜炎不孕症奶牛的子宫内细菌进行分离鉴定.调查的853头奶牛中患不孕症的占11.8%,其中卵巢机能无障碍子宫内膜炎不孕症奶牛占66.3%,其他原因不孕症奶牛33.7%.卵巢机能无障碍子宫内膜炎不孕症奶牛的子宫内容物均被测定有细菌存在,而对照健康奶牛子宫内容物未有分离到细菌.从临床确诊的67例卵巢机能无障碍子宫内膜炎不孕症奶牛的子宫内容物中,分离到细菌菌株119株,其中葡萄球菌36株、链球菌40株、大肠杆菌36株、变形杆菌4株、芽孢杆菌1株、化脓棒状杆菌1株.本研究卵巢机能无障碍子宫内膜炎不孕症奶牛子宫内的致病菌主要是葡萄球菌、链球菌、大肠杆菌,多为2种细菌混合感染.  相似文献   

精浆中催乳素浓度与精子活动力的关系及临床意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄永汉  戴继灿 《湛江医学院学报》2000,18(1):24-25

目的 :探讨精浆中催乳素 (PRL)浓度与精子活动力和活动率的关系。方法 :选择不育症门诊中 6 0例男子进行精液分析 ,按精子活动力和活动率分成 A组 (活动力 ～ 级 ,活动率 >5 0 % )和 B组 (活动力 ～ 级、活动率≤5 0 % )。应用磁分离酶联方法测定其精浆中 PRL 浓度。结果 :A组精浆中 PRL 浓度为 (14.85± 4.0 5 ) μg/ L,B组为 (19.5 5± 4.85 ) μg/ L,A组与 B组之间 PRL 浓度差异有显著性 (P<0 .0 0 1)。精子活动力和活动率与精浆中 PRL 浓度呈负相关。结论 :血清和精浆中 PRL以不同方式进行调节 ,精浆中 PRL 来源于精囊 ,其浓度的高低影响着精子活动力和活动率。临床上不育症患者 ,采用分步射精法 ,摒弃后半部分精液 ,可能提高精子功能状态和受孕率  相似文献   

Dysgenesis atypica ovarü bei einer XY-Kalbin. Histologische, biochemische, genetische und Rezeptor-Befunde     

G. Hager  B. May  K. Herkner  E. Möstl 《Reproduction in domestic animals》1989,24(1):20-34

Inhalt: Die Phänomene der gonadalen Dysgenese weisen eine erhebliche Bandbreite au Die hier vorgestellte XY-Kalbin hatte ein geringgradig hypoplastisches, weibliches Genitale, in den dysgenetischen Gonaden lagen 2 Primordialrestfollikel vor. Ihre inter-stitiellen Zellen waren hyperplastisch, doch gab es keine Anzeichen für eine tumoröse Entartung, in Art eines Gonadenblastoms oder Dysgerminoms. Das Tier hatte zur Behandlung der bestehenden primären Amenorrhoe keine Hormonbehandlung erfahren. Die Konzentrationen uon Sexualsteroiden (Testosteron, Epitestosteron, Dehydroepian-drosteron) glichen solchen, wie sie im Zyklus des Rindes auftreten, ein Konzentrations-anstieg nach Pregnylapplikation war nichtzu erzielen. Nucleare Rezeptoren für Dihydro-testosteron waren nicht nachzuweisen. Die Persistenz von einzelnen Follikeln und von Keimzellen in den postpartalen resp. postpubertären Gonaden wurde in den letzten Jahren beim Menschen gelegentlich beschrieben, ist jedoch fur die reine gonadale Dysgenese nicht charakteristisch. Contents: Dysgenesis atypica ovarii in a XY-heifer The phenomena of gonadal dysgenesis show a wide range of variations. The XY-heifer described in this article showed low grade of hypoplasia of the inner female genital organes. Two primordial residual follicles were detected in serial sections of the dysgenetic gonads. The interstitial cells were hyperplastic, but there was no indication of tumorous degeneration, such as gonadoblastoma or dysgerminoma. No hormones had been given to treat primary amenorrhoe. Levels of sexual steroids (testosterone, epitestosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone were similar to those occurring in normal bovine cycle; Pregnyl failed to produce any rise in the concentration of sexual steroids. No evidence was found of nuclear receptors for dihydrotestosterone. Persistence of singular follicles and germinal cells in the postpartal and postpubertary gonads resp. of XY females has been sometimes observed (Cussen & Mac Mahon, 1979; Russel et al., 1980; Warner et al., 1985), but this is — by no means —characteristic for pure gonadal dysgenesis.  相似文献   

Identification of sperm motility markers in bovine transition protein genes     

Yathish Hirenallur Maheshwarappa  Subodh Kumar  Rajni Chaudhary  Chinmoy Mishra  Sivakumar Ayyar  Amit Kumar  Anuj Chauhan  Subrata Kumar Ghosh  Manjit Panigrahi  Abhijit Mitra 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2019,54(2):365-372

Transition proteins (TNPs) are essential in chromatin condensation during spermiogenesis, and hence, they are the candidate genes for identifying sperm motility markers. Coding and in silico predicted promoter regions of these genes were investigated in crossbred and purebred cattle, and also, their mRNA quantification was done to explore its use as a diagnostic tool of infertility. PCR‐SSCP analysis revealed two band patterns in fragment III of TNP1 and fragment II of TNP2 gene. Sequence analysis revealed a deletion of “G” nucleotide in 3′UTR region of TNP1 and C>T SNP in intronic region of TNP2 gene. Least square analysis of variance did not reveal any significant influence of nucleotide deletion on any sperm motility parameters in both crossbred and purebred cattle. However, C>T SNP had a significant effect on initial progressive motility (p < 0.05) in purebred cattle and post‐thaw motility in overall cattle population. RT‐qPCR analysis did not reveal any significant variation in TNP1 and TNP2 gene expression among poorly motile and good quality spermatozoa of Vrindavani bulls.  相似文献   

Plasma Progesterone during the Luteal Phase and Pregnancy in Parturient and Barren Blue Fox Vixens     

Nina M. Valberg  Wenche Farstad 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2013,63(4):232-239

Abstract

The variation in progesterone secretion during the luteal phase and pregnancy in blue fox vixens was analyzed. Progesterone was measured in blood plasma once or twice a week using radioimmunoassay. The material was allocated into three groups; five mated, but barren, blue fox vixens, six mated vixens with implantation zonès in the uterus, but no cubs at parturition, and 26 normally parturient vixens. The progesterone profiles for the three different groups of females showed a steady increase in progesterone immediately after mating. Maximum values were observed on days 8–12 of pregnancy. Then the progesterone levels decreased gradually until delivery around day 52. The levels of progesterone were found to be significantly different (P<0.05) between non-pregnant and pregnant females from day 22 after mating. The plasma progesterone level seems to be affected by the presence of conceptuses.  相似文献   

闽西早春毛豆不结实原因及防止措施     

郭惠明  李广昌 《福建农业科技》2014,(9):62-63

对早春毛豆不结实的原因进行分析,从栽培方式、合理密植、施肥及水分管理等方面总结其防止措施.  相似文献   

遗传背景对无花粉型水稻温敏核不育系籼S杂交后代不育性表达的影响研究     

邱振国  彭海峰  陈雄辉  万邦惠 《华南农业大学学报》2012,33(3):282-287

将无花粉型温敏核不育系籼S与不同父本杂交,在籼S不育期内调查F2和BC1F2育性分离.结果表明:8个组合F2及BC1F2群体不育株数∶可育株数均符合1∶3,符合1对主效基因控制的遗传模式;无花粉败育方式可以稳定遗传,但遗传背景会对出现无花粉败育的时间产生影响;各组合F2不育株的不育期长短及可育期育性的差异均达到显著水平,且各组合不同单株间也存在差异;13个组合的不育株不育期长短与可育期育性的相关性差异较大,其中,籼S/金华占、籼S/籼黄占、籼S/新小占、籼S/野绿占、籼S/密粒早占等5个组合达到显著负相关水平.  相似文献   

Cytogenetic, Anatomical, Histological and Hormonal Study of a Female Pseudohermaphrodite Cow     

E.P. Cribiu  St. Chaffaux  V. Durand  P. Humblot 《Reproduction in domestic animals》1989,24(6):265-273

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Pathological Lesions in Lambs Fed Raw or Processed Cottonseed Meal   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Nagalakshmi D  Sharma AK  Sastry VR 《Veterinary research communications》2000,24(5):349-359

Thirty male lambs of 3–4 months of age, were assigned equally to five dietary treatments in a completely randomized design and fed isonitrogenous and isocaloric concentrate mixtures containing 30% de-oiled peanut meal (DPNM) or 40% cottonseed meal, which was raw, cooked for 45 min or treated with either 1% calcium hydroxide or iron (1:3, free gossypol: Fe). The mixtures containing raw or variously processed CSM replaced about 50% of the nitrogen of the reference concentrate mixture. These concentrate mixtures were fed to meet 80% of the animals' crude protein requirements along with ad libitum feeding of maize (Zea mays) hay for 180 days. The free gossypol content of the raw cottonseed meal (0.27%) was reduced to 0.16%, 0.20% and 0.21% by the cooking, Ca(OH)₂ and iron treatments, respectively. At the end of the experiment, the tissues of various organs were fixed in 10% formol saline, embedded in paraffin and sectioned at 4–5 m thickness, and duplicate sections were stained with either haematoxylin and eosin or Perl's Prussian blue. The lambs fed diets incorporating raw, cooked, Ca(OH)₂- or iron-treated cottonseed meal consumed respectively 302, 215, 250 and 222 mg free gossypol/day. No morbidity, mortality or gross lesions were observed in any organs and the histopathological lesions due to cottonseed meal were limited to the testes and epididymis. Spermatogonial cells were absent in the majority of the seminiferous tubules of testes from lambs fed raw cottonseed meal. Most seminiferous tubules were collapsed, with a reduced wall thickness, owing to there being fewer germ cell layers and vacuolation of the basal cells. The epithelium of the epididymal ductules was degenerated, desquamated to a variable degree with hyperplastic changes, and they were devoid of spermatozoa. Most lambs fed any of the processed cottonseed meals did not show any of these lesions, and such lesions as occurred in affected lambs in these groups were relatively mild. Iron pigments were deposited around the portal areas of the liver, the tip of intestinal villi and the spleen of lambs fed the iron-treated cottonseed meal diet. Cooking or treatment with 1% Ca(OH)₂ effectively minimized the toxic effects of free gossypol.  相似文献