Fluazifop-butyl causes membrane peroxidation in the herbicide-susceptible broad leaf weed bristly starbur (Acanthospermum hispidum)     

Xiao-Yong Luo 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2004,78(2):93-102

In order to clarify the action mechanism of fluazifop-butyl, an aryloxyphenoxypropionate (AOPP) herbicide in bristly starbur (Acanthospermum hispidum DC.), a unique fluazifop-butyl-susceptible broad-leaved weed, ethylene evolution and membrane lipid peroxidation in the plant seedlings were investigated. Foliar application of fluazifop-P-butyl induced ethylene evolution only from bristly starbur, but not from oat (Avena sativa L.), another fluazifop-butyl-susceptible species, and two tolerant species, pea (Pisum sativum L.) and hairy beggarticks (Bidens pilosa L.). The other AOPP herbicides, quizalofop-ethyl and fenoxaprop-ethyl, and a cyclohexanedione (CHD) herbicide, sethoxydim, did not enhance ethylene production from bristly starbur. This fluazifop-butyl-induced ethylene production in bristly starbur was completely suppressed by aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG), a 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase inhibitor, but not by p-chlorophenoxyisobutyric acid (PCIB), an anti-auxin compound, suggesting this evolved ethylene was not auxin-induced. Phytotoxic action by fluazifop-P-butyl (5 μM) in bristly starbur was reduced markedly by two lipid-soluble antioxidants, vitamin E, and ethoxyquin. The ethylene production from the plant was also inhibited by these two antioxidants. Content of malondialdehyde, an indicator of lipid peroxidation, increased only by fluazifop-P-butyl in bristly starbur seedlings but not in oat, and this increase was inhibited by ethoxyquin. These results strongly suggest that the primary site of action for fluazifop-butyl in bristly starbur is on the membranes and active oxygen species and/or free radicals are involved in peroxidation. Ethylene evolution is probably induced by these reactive oxygen species.  相似文献   

孕牛血清中早孕因子的分离纯化   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

赵明  孙文东  努尔·波拉提  邓雁如  吴瑞英  迈迪娜  王祥  石国良 《畜牧兽医学报》2001,32(2):129-133

采用DEAE－Sepharose(DEAE-琼脂糖凝胶）、CM－Sepharose(CM-琼脂糖凝胶）等离子交换层析、抗孕牛全血清IgG-Sepharose 4B亲和层析等技术，分离纯化妊娠4－5个月健康孕牛全血清中的早孕因子（EPF），用玫瑰花环抑制实验对各阶段产物EPF活性进行检测。结果表明，经层析过柱后的CM－ⅡA提取物有EPF活性。经SDS－PAGE银染显色证实它含有分子量为21、67、80KD的蛋白，实验结果支持21KD的多肽为主要EPF活性物成分。同时实验表明了亲和层析对进一步纯化EPF是可行的。  相似文献   

The effect of including anti-Ig sera in the haemagglutination inhibition test forMycoplasma gallisepticum     

S. Yamamoto 《Veterinary research communications》1992,16(3):185-193

Addition of anti-immunoglobulin M (anti-IgM), G (anti-IgG) and A (anti-IgA) sera to the haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) test (anti-Ig HI test) forMycoplasma gallisepticum resulted in 2- to 8-fold increases in the HI titres. On investigating the anti-Ig HI reaction using IgM and IgG antibodies separated by affinity chromatography, it was confirmed that, in the enhanced HI titres, specificity existed between the chicken Ig classes having antibody activity and the antisera used in the test. Four days after inoculation ofM. gallisepticum, the anti-Ig HI reaction was markedly enhanced by anti-IgM antiserum in the intravenously inoculated chickens and by anti-IgA serum in the nasally inoculated chickens. Ten days after inoculation ofM. gallisepticum marked enhancement of the reaction was produced by anti-IgG serum in both intravenously and nasally inoculated chickens, but the enhancement of the anti-Ig HI reaction diminished from the second week after inoculation.  相似文献   

Immune responses of barramundi, Lates calcarifer (Bloch), after administration of an experimental Vibrio harveyi bacterin by intraperitoneal injection, anal intubation and immersion     

Crosbie PB  Nowak BF 《Journal of fish diseases》2004,27(11):623-632

Barramundi, Lates calcarifer (Bloch), were immunized with an experimental Vibrio harveyi bacterin via intraperitoneal injection, immersion and anal intubation. Both specific and non-specific immune parameters were measured to compare responses to bacterin after delivery by various methods. Elevated antibody activities in sera were found in all treatment groups with barramundi injected intraperitoneally displaying significantly higher antibody activity than the other groups. In addition, there was evidence of memory induction with a heightened antibody response in the intraperitoneally injected group only. Bacteriostatic assays indicated activity against V. harveyi in the sera of all bacterin-treated groups; again this activity was significantly higher in the intraperitoneally injected groups. There was no enhancement noted in head kidney macrophage phagocytic activity or in serum lysozyme levels.  相似文献   

不同条件下韭菜汁对香蕉枯萎病菌4号小种活性抑制的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘任  杨静美  梁小媚  陈雁  冯岩  杜洪忠 《植物检疫》2012,(2):13-16

研究了不同温度、pH值、杀虫剂和杀菌剂的影响下,韭菜汁对香蕉枯萎病菌4号小种的抑制作用,以确定韭菜汁在不同条件影响下对病菌的活力。结果表明,在试验的各温度处理后,55℃以上的温度对韭菜汁的成分有破坏作用,菌落的生长受到显著影响。韭菜根汁对病菌孢子的抑制作用不受pH值的影响。酸性至弱碱性情况下,韭菜茎汁对病菌孢子萌发的抑制率为100%;在强碱性条件下,韭菜茎汁中物质的活性促进了孢子的萌发。供试杀虫剂和杀菌剂对韭菜汁的成分无明显破坏作用。  相似文献   

枯草芽孢杆菌CAB-1抑菌蛋白对黄瓜白粉病的防治作用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张晓云  李宝庆  郭庆港  鹿秀云  李社增  马平 《中国生物防治》2012,28(3):375-380

采用子叶喷雾法分别测定了枯草芽孢杆菌Bacillus subtilis CAB-1所产抑菌蛋白粗提物对黄瓜白粉病的保护和治疗生物活性。结果表明该抑菌蛋白粗提物能显著降低黄瓜白粉病的病情指数,其保护和治疗作用的效果分别为73.33%和76.85%;EC50分别为175μg.mL-1和125μg.mL-1。利用曲利苯兰染色法检测抑菌蛋白粗提物对黄瓜白粉菌Sphacrotheca fuliginea生长的影响,结果表明该抑菌蛋白粗提物能有效降低白粉菌分生孢子的萌发率及萌发的芽管个数,造成菌丝顶端畸形膨大呈球状并减少新生分生孢子的个数。接菌3 d后,对照的孢子萌发率为36.98%,而经抑菌蛋白粗提物处理后的孢子萌发率仅为4.8%;接菌7 d后对照每个分生孢子梗上串生孢子个数最多为7个,多数5～6个;而抑菌蛋白粗提物处理后每个分生孢子梗上串生孢子个数最多为2个,大部分为1个。  相似文献   

负载戊唑醇的聚乙二醇-聚己内酯胶束的制备与性能研究   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

张旭  周月英  陈安良  张绍勇  何伟娜  徐君庭  孙芳利 《农药学学报》2012,14(3):327-333

通过开环聚合法合成了聚乙二醇-聚己内酯嵌段共聚物(PEG-b-PCL),以PEG-b-PCL为囊壁、以戊唑醇为囊芯,采用自组装的方法制备了载药胶束。分别利用动态光散射仪(DLS)和透射电镜(TEM) 对其粒径进行了表征,通过紫外分光光度计和高效液相色谱仪测定了其载药量、包覆率和体外释药性能,用滤纸片法测试了载药胶束对木霉 Trichoderma viride 的抑菌性能。结果表明:PEG-b-PCL载戊唑醇胶束平均粒径为 250 nm,均匀度良好,载药量为 26.4%,包覆率为18.0%,体外释放192 h的释药率为83.35%,其对木霉的抑菌效果明显高于同浓度下的戊唑醇乙酸乙酯溶液。  相似文献   

10种化学杀虫剂对金龟子绿僵菌生物学性状的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

叶小真  陈全助  宋漳 《福建林学院学报》2012,32(2):169-173

研究了10种杀虫剂对金龟子绿僵菌生物学性状的影响。结果表明,杀虫剂对金龟子绿僵菌分生孢子萌发、菌落生长及产孢均有不同程度的影响,且抑制作用随着杀虫剂浓度的下降而减弱。阿维菌素对大部分菌株分生孢子萌发的抑制作用较小。阿维.灭幼脲、灭多威和辛硫磷对菌落生长的抑制作用较小,在低浓度水平上有出现负抑制率,说明低浓度的该3种杀虫剂有促进金龟子绿僵菌菌落生长的可能。辛硫磷对显著抑制多数菌株产孢,而某些低浓度杀虫剂(如联苯菊酯、敌百虫、灭多威、阿维菌素和虫酰肼)对金龟子绿僵菌产孢有负的抑制作用。另外,不同菌株对同一种杀虫剂的敏感度也不一样。Ma208菌株分生孢子对多数杀虫剂较敏感,但对氯氰菊酯较不敏感。Ma336菌株菌落生长受杀虫剂的影响较大,其他菌株受影响较小。Ma202、Ma103菌株的产孢量受杀虫剂的影响较大,而其他菌株受影响程度较低。  相似文献   

羧甲基改性菊糖阻垢效果研究     

李丹丹  周杰  范伟欣  张平  李思思 《安徽农业科学》2012,40(32):15567-15568,15584

[目的]研究羧甲基菊糖的阻垢效果。[方法]采用比较静态阻垢法对影响阻垢效果的羧甲基菊糖浓度、pH值、钙离子浓度、温度因素进行探索。[结果]试验确定最佳阻垢条件为:羧甲基菊糖用量16 mg/L、Ca2+浓度小于250 mg/L、pH为8.0、温度80℃,此时羧甲基菊糖的阻垢率为93.4%。[结论]为今后羧甲基糖的应用提供了参考。  相似文献   

大孔吸附树脂分离提取发酵液中伊枯草菌素A的研究     

张婷  杨杰  周金燕  谭红 《广东农业科学》2012,39(8):94-96

研究了利用大孔吸附树脂从发酵液中提取伊枯草菌素A的工艺条件。对比了不同极性大孔树脂对发酵液中伊枯草菌素A的分离效果,选择DM301型树脂作为吸附剂进行优化试验。结果表明,在25℃时,每升发酵液吸附剂用量为80 g DM301型树脂时,树脂对发酵液中伊枯草菌素A的吸附率可达100%。滤去吸附残液,采用无水乙醇解吸,每克DM301树脂解吸剂用量为10 mL时,静态解吸率达90%以上。动态吸附试验表明,发酵液的最佳上样量为6倍柱床体积,动态解吸流出液活性高度集中。该工艺简单、易操作,适用于工业化生产。  相似文献