半立方抛物线形明渠共轭水深的迭代算法     

马子普  张根广  冯雪 《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2012,40(11):211-215

【目的】寻求半立方抛物线形明渠共轭水深的迭代计算方法。【方法】根据半立方抛物线形明渠断面的几何形态及棱柱体水平明渠水跃方程,推求得到半立方抛物线形明渠共轭水深的迭代计算公式,并从理论上证明其收敛性;通过对工程中不同流量Q与不同断面形状参数p多种组合情况下的共轭水深进行计算和趋势线拟合,建立计算共轭水深迭代初值的直接计算式。【结果】推导出半立方抛物线形渠道断面的水跃方程,并进而得到跃前水深、跃后水深的迭代计算公式,运用迭代初值直接计算式求出迭代初值,将该值代入共轭水深迭代计算公式,经过几步迭代便可收敛得到精度很高的共轭水深值。【结论】推求的半立方抛物线形明渠共轭水深迭代计算公式物理概念明确、计算简捷、精度高、适用范围广,可以满足工程实践要求。  相似文献   

蚯蚓堆肥处理剩余污泥混合有机垃圾的效率研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈大志  刘顺会  林秋奇  吴艳 《农业环境科学学报》2012,31(6):1244-1249

为了研究基质堆料高度和高密度接种条件对蚯蚓堆肥处理有机垃圾混合剩余污泥时蚯蚓生物量及其堆肥效率的影响,共设6个处理进行试验,按接种密度-堆料高度表示,分别为:1/10-10cm组、1/10-15cm组、1/15-10cm组、1/15-15cm组、1/20-10cm组、1/20-15cm组。试验结果表明,在堆料高度相同时,蚯蚓生物量与其接种密度呈显著的负相关关系,但接种密度对蚯蚓堆肥效率的影响有限,只有在1/10组同1/15组或1/20组比较时表现出显著差异,而后两个组别之间差异不显著;在接种密度相同时,堆料高度对蚯蚓堆肥效率的影响不显著,而对蚯蚓生物量的影响可能存在一个密度临界点(1/15),在此密度附近,堆料高度对蚯蚓生物量的影响较显著,呈显著正相关关系,而在此密度以上或以下,堆料高度的影响不显著。从产业应用的角度,综合考虑蚯蚓维持种群繁衍的再生产能力以及混合污泥的堆肥效率这两个因素,赤子爱胜蚓(Eisenia foetida)处理有机垃圾混合剩余污泥的最佳接种密度为1/15,堆料高度为15cm。  相似文献   

EM菌液处理富营养化水体的条件研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈里晋  丁学锋  林可聪  杨肖娥 《湖南农业科学》2012,(3):62-67

研究了不同条件下EM菌液对富营养化水体的净化效果,结果表明:以COD为主要处理目标的水体中,EM菌液的最适条件为V(EM)∶V(污水)=1/1 000、连续曝气、T＞25℃;以脱氮为主要处理目标的水体中,其最适条件为V(EM)∶V(污水)=8/1 000、间歇曝气、T＞25℃、pH为中性偏碱;以除磷为主要处理目标的水体中,EM菌液最适条件为V(EM)∶V(污水)=8/1 000、间歇曝气、T＞25℃、pH为中性偏碱.考虑到整体性、经济性和实用性,EM菌处理富营养化水体的最佳条件为V(EM)∶V(污水)=1/1 000、间歇曝气、T＞25℃、pH为中性偏碱.  相似文献   

毛梾初代培养影响因素研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张丹  康永祥  薛丽艳  叶新华 《北方园艺》2012,(7):123-125

以毛梾茎段为外植体,研究了不同消毒方式、不同基本培养基类型、不同取材时间和不同激素组合对毛梾初代培养的影响。结果表明:0.1%氯化汞10min取得了比较理想的消毒效果,污染率和褐化率均较低;MS培养基为较适宜的初代培养基,其萌发时间、生长状况均优于其它培养基;外植体在MS+6-BA 0.5mg/L+NAA 0.1mg/L+IBA 0.1mg/L上生长最好。  相似文献   

Effect of spacing on 23-year-old lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. var. latifolia) in southern Sweden     

《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(4):361-371

Abstract

The objective of this study was to compare volume growth and external timber quality properties of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. var. latifolia) stands planted in different spacings (1.41×1.41, 2.00×2.00, 2.83×2.83, 4.00×4.00) in southern Sweden. In northern Sweden lodgepole pine has been grown for a long time and shows superior volume production compared to Scots pine (Pinus Sylvestris L.). The Swedish Forestry Act restricts establishment of lodgepole pine plantations in southern Sweden. However, it is important to increase the knowledge about lodgepole pine and its potential use also in this part of the country. Two experiments in southern Sweden were studied. Each trial was designed as a random block experiment with two blocks. Both investigated stands had an age of 23 years at the time of assessment. The mean diameter and the volume production differed significantly between the spacings. The highest volume production was found in the narrowest spacing, 313% compared to the widest spacing. Significant differences between spacings were also found concerning external quality traits. The frequency of dominant and co-dominant trees without defects was 24% in the most open spacing compared to 46% in the narrowest one. Under current circumstances approximately 2500 seedlings/ha in the initial stand seems to be a reasonable compromise between growth, diameter development and timber quality.  相似文献   

库底土壤物质溶出对水库正常蓄水初期水质的影响     

吴云鑫 《水土保持通报》2010,30(3):69-72

现场选取太湖流域老虎潭水库砂壤质竹林地、水田土壤和库区天然来水样本,进行水库正常蓄水初期模拟实验,分析研究了库水中pH值DO,CODcr,BOD,氮、磷及氟化物等组分在60 d内的动态变化及特征.实验结果表明,库底竹林地和水田地土壤在浸泡过程中会导致库水中pH值和DO的降低,CODcR,BOD5,氮,磷及氟化物等组分的含量则会增大.相对而言,竹林地土壤对水库水质的影响比水田地土壤要严重,建议对竹林地土壤采取相应处理措施.  相似文献   

Land‐use changes influence the sporulation and survival of Phytophthora agathidicida,a lethal pathogen of New Zealand kauri (Agathis australis)     

Kai S. J. Lewis  Amanda Black  Leo M. Condron  Nick W. Waipara  Peter Scott  Nari Williams  Maureen O&#x;Callaghan 《Forest Pathology》2019,49(2)

Phytophthora agathidicida is the accepted causal agent of dieback in remnant stands of long‐lived indigenous New Zealand kauri (Agathis australis) and poses a significant threat to the long‐term survival of this species. Little is known about the effect of key soil physicochemical characteristics on the growth of P. agathidicida. In this study, we investigated the growth of P. agathidicida in soils collected from adjacent areas under original kauri forest, short rotation pine (Pinus radiata) plantation forest and grazed pastures. A growth response assay was used to quantify asexual (sporangia) and sexual (oospore) spore counts over 8 days in soils sampled from each land‐use. Significantly higher numbers of sporangia (p < 0.001) and oospores (p < 0.01) were found in pasture and pine forest soil within 2 days of the growth assay trials, suggesting these soils may favour asexual/sexual reproduction in the early stages of P. agathidicida establishment compared to kauri forest soils. Additionally, oospore production significantly increased over 8 days in pine forest soil, suggesting that with an increase in inoculum loads, these soils potentially act as pathogen reservoirs. The soil physicochemical properties (e.g., pH, C and N, phosphorus content and electrical conductivity) investigated in this study did not significantly correspond to spore count data between land‐uses, suggesting that differences in growth response are driven by other edaphic factors not explored in the present study.  相似文献   

西南岩溶山区水资源可持续利用评价指标选取及权重确定   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

楚文海  高乃云  鄢贵权  苏维词 《水土保持通报》2008,28(1):59-64

降雨径流是引起土壤侵蚀的主要动力,因此准确预测不同下垫面条件下的径流量是进行土壤侵蚀预报和水土流失治理的关键.SCS-CN方法是目前国际上预测无径流观测资料地区降水产流的主要模型.利用黄土高原地区6个试验小区的153场径流试验资料,选取3种具有代表性的土地利用方式:谷子、苜蓿和高粱,对SCS-CN方法在黄土高原的适应性进行了初步检验,优化出了适应黄土高原地区3种土地利用方式的模型参数.结果表明,优化后的模型参数对降雨径流的预测精度明显优于标准SCS-CN法;优化后的λ值为0.01,优化的谷子、苜蓿和高粱地CN2 值分别是74,74,72.  相似文献   

百合灰霉病发生规律研究   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

唐祥宁  刘文越 《江西农业大学学报》1998,20(4):490-494

本项研究表明：百合灰霉病的初侵染源主要是随病残体在土壤中越夏越冬的菌核。３月中旬左右百合芽苞出土展叶时,菌核萌发产生孢子,初次侵染植株引起发病。一般温度１５～２７℃、ＲＨ８０％以上的气候条件有利发病;连作、地势低洼、排水不良等情况发病严重。  相似文献   

木麻黄弗兰克氏菌的菌剂类型与保藏方法对接种效果的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

康丽华  李素翠  彭耀强  刘玉粼  陈华成  罗成就 《林业科学研究》1999,12(4):374-378

用弗兰克氏菌 ( Frankia) 90 2 2菌株和 2 87菌株的 3种菌剂类型、2种保藏方法对木麻黄苗木接种效果影响的研究结果表明 :90 2 2菌株的 3种菌剂类型以室温保藏 6～ 9个月的蛭石菌剂的接种效果最好 ,2 87菌株则以 4℃保藏 6～ 9个月的干海藻酸钙菌剂的接种效果最好 ,其苗高生长、生物量、结瘤量和侵染率最高。室温保藏的 90 2 2菌株和 2 87菌株的干海藻酸钙菌剂接种效果最差。应用MPN方法测定了经过 2 4个月室温保藏的 90 2 2菌株蛭石菌剂的活菌数量为 4.8× 10 3个 .g-1。  相似文献