日本《外来入侵物种法》及对我国外来物种管理立法和科研的启示   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

王运生  ;肖启明;万方浩;谢丙炎 《植物保护》2007,33(1):24-28

日本政府于2004年6月颁布了《外来入侵物种法》,10月环境省制定的《预防外来入侵生物对生态系统造成不利影响的基本政策》通过内阁决议,该法案于2005年6月1日起生效。本文简要介绍了日本外来生物管理有关策略和基本政策,并针对我国现状提出了外来物种管理立法及科研方面的建议:(1)成立国家级外来物种管理委员会及外来物种专家委员会,统筹外来物种管理工作;(2)对现有法律法规体系进行系统评估,加强外来物种管理立法;(3)加强对外来物种的科学研究,特别是加强外来入侵物种环境风险评估系统建设;(4)进一步加强建立国家级、一站式的外来物种数据库和外来物种数据交换所,促进信息交流。  相似文献   

我国外来林业有害生物发生现状及趋势分析     

周茂建  赵宇翔  李永成  李娟 《植物检疫》2007,21(2):71-73

本文分析了我国外来林业有害生物的种类、发生危害状况、传播扩散特点以及对林业生产和生态的影响，并对未来的发生趋势进行了预测。  相似文献   

不同食料植物对安婀珍蝶幼虫生长发育影响          下载免费PDF全文

李志刚  韩诗畴  郭明昉 《植物保护》2007,33(6):52-54

恒温条件下用薇甘菊、香泽兰、野茼蒿、菜苔和青菜为食料饲养安婀珍蝶,测定各龄幼虫的体长、体重和头壳宽度,研究不同食料植物饲养对安婀珍蝶幼虫生长发育的影响。结果表明:安婀珍蝶取食野茼蒿、菜苔和青菜虽然程度有不同,但生长发育受到影响,高龄幼虫体长、体重和头壳宽度明显低于薇甘菊饲养的试虫,不能完成生活世代。  相似文献   

青海省天然草地主要灌木,半灌木饲用植物资源及评价   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

孙海松  何长芳 《草业科学》1998,15(1):1-4

对青海省天然草地灌木、半灌木饲用植物的数量构成、分布及其在草原中的作用及饲用价值进行了统计分析,旨在为开辟荒漠区的饲料资源提供资料。  相似文献   

Plants,small mammals,and the hierarchical landscape classifications of Patagonia     

Monjeau  J. Adrian  Birney  Elmer C.  Ghermandi  Luciana  Sikes  Robert S.  Margutti  Laura  Phillips  Carleton J. 《Landscape Ecology》1998,13(5):285-306

Assemblages of plants were studied at 14 sites in northern Patagonia corresponding to localities at which we (Monjeau et al. 1997) earlier studied the relationship between small mammal assemblages and landscape classifications. This allowed us to test predictions that both plants and small mammals correspond to the more inclusive hierarchical landscape divisions but that plants track better than small mammals the less inclusive divisions. Species presence or absence of plants at each locality was used in a series of multivariate analyses and compared by correlation analysis with those generated from small mammal species data. Assemblages of both plants and small mammals corresponded to the upper divisions, which are based on climatic and geomorphological features, but small mammal assemblages did not correspond to the lower divisions of the landscape classifications. Three factors are considered as explanations for the observed differences between plants and small mammals: a) small mammal habitat is determined more by plant growth form than by plant species; b) trophic level differences between the two groups; and c) species pool size affects the resolution of microhabitat correspondence. Our data indicate that both plant assemblages and small mammal assemblages respond to climatic and geomorphological features, which is in contrast to the paradigm that mammal assemblages simply follow plant assemblages. We also attempted to reconcile classification systems in Patagonia by proposing a nomenclatural system based on a hierarchical classification. In the system proposed, ecoregion is the lowest division small mammal assemblages can recognize in Patagonia. Finally, we conclude that the hierarchical nature of landscapes based on a holistic view of environments reflects real entities that are not just the perceptions of landscape ecologists.  相似文献   

Research Progress on Speciation of Selenium Compounds in Plants     

Cheng Jianzhong  Yang Ping  Gui Renyi 《中国林业科技(英文版)》2012,(3):83-83

All factors affecting the PCR system in Pinus massoniana Lamb were investigated one by one.The results show that the optimum PCR system of EST-SSR were:2μL 10×Buffer(Mg²⁺ Free), 30 ng template DNA,0.187 5 mmol/L dNTPs, 3.75 mmol/L Mg²⁺,8 pmol primer pair,1.0 U Taq DNA poly-merase in total 20μL reaction system. Finally,a total of 11 isolates of P.massoniana was used for testing the stability of the PCR amplification.The results prove that the optimum PCR system was stable,reliable,highly repetitive.  相似文献   

饲用植物的民族植物学--内蒙古阿鲁科尔沁旗的研究案例     

哈斯巴根  裴盛基 《草业学报》2000,9(3):74-81

论述了原住民利用饲用植物资源的传统知识和经验的民族植物学研究价值，提出了我国饲用植物资源的民族植物学研究的主要内容，并以内蒙古阿鲁科尔沁旗的研究结果作了案例进行了深入的探讨。  相似文献   

淮河流域(安徽段)主要湿地维管植物研究     

徐如松  黄训端  何家庆  王松 《勤云标准版测试》2007,(8)

淮河流域(安徽段)主要湖泊湿地维管植物有68科165属259种;科、属、种分别占全省维管植物科的30.2%、属的13.4%、种的7.1%。包含5种以上的11个较大科构成了淮河流域湿地植物的主体,其中禾本科和莎草科种类最多。区系分布区类型:蕨类植物主要有4种分布区类型,世界分布为主要类型;种子植物属有14种分布类型,其中温带分布类型占总属数的38.4%,该区湿地维管植物具有典型温带性质。湿地植物资源包括食品类,工业原料类,绿肥类,观赏类,环保类及种质资源类等。  相似文献   

河南木通属(Akebia Decne.)药用植物资源初步研究     

李春奇  李芸  李明泽  刘铁梅  安春香  王怀中  韩世明 《河南农业大学学报》2009,43(6)

通过多年对河南省木通属药用植物资源种类、生境、分布的调查,查明了河南木通属药用植物有2种1亚种,介绍了其生药性状的鉴定方法,探讨了木通属植物的药用特性和应用价值,并提出了开发利用的建议.  相似文献   

Evaluation of New Container Media for Aglaonema Production     

《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(17-18):2673-2687

Mandated processing of waste by‐products in the United States has inspired national interest in addressing the effectiveness of using composted biosolids and yard trimmings to grow containerized plants. Diamond bay Chinese evergreen (Aglaonema ‘Diamond Bay’) was transplanted in containers filled with one of eight formulated media (components added by volume). Medium 1 was a standard mix commonly used in Aglaonema production (5:2:3 peat–vermiculite–perlite); medium 2 was formulated on site to contain peat–bark–stalite–rice hulls–coir (2:2:3:1:2); media 3 and 4 contained 40% biosolid–yard waste compost instead of peat and with or without 20% stalite, respectively; and media 5, 6, 7, and 8 were commercially formulated to contain peat–bark–perlite–rice hulls–coir (4:1.5:2.5:1:1, 4:1.5:2.5:1:1, 4:2:2:1:1, and 3.0:2.5:2:1:1.5, respectively). Physical and chemical properties of the eight media were in ranges 50–65% container water‐holding capacity, 2.9–7.8% air‐filled porosity, 55–80% moisture (w/w), 0.11–0.37 g·cm³ bulk density, 0.34–0.96 g·cm³ particle density, 4.2–7.2 pH, 0.12–4.4 dS·m^?1 electrical conductivity (EC), 27.3–54.5 meg/100 g cation exchange capacity (CEC), 17.9–39.0% carbon (C), and 0.22–1.7% nitrogen (N). Medium 4 (40% compost) had 5.5 times more ammoniacal N (NH₄‐N) and 1.7 times more nitrate N (NO₃‐N) than that of the standard commercial mix. At week 8, plants grown in media 2 and 5 were 8.9% to 9.5% taller than plants grown in medium 1 (commercial standard). At week 16, there were no significant differences in plant heights or growth indices among media. At week 24, there were no significant differences in plant height, growth index, visual quality, shoot dry weight, and root dry weight among media. However, cumulative phosphorus (P) leaching from media 1, 4, and 5 was significantly more than leaching from media 2 and 8. This study suggests that compost may serve as a horticulturally suitable and cost‐effective alternative to peat‐based media for Aglaonema production.  相似文献