Invasive black spiny‐tailed iguanas (Ctenosaura similis) on Gasparilla Island,Florida, USA     

Michael L. AVERY  Eric A. TILLMAN  Conny SPURFELD  Richard M. ENGEMAN  Kelin P. MACIEJEWSKI  Jessica D. BROWN  Emily A. FETZER 《Integrative zoology》2014,9(5):590-597

The native range of Ctenosaura similis extends from southern Mexico through Panama. From an initial introduction of 3 animals in 1979, the species now numbers in the thousands on Gasparilla Island in southwest Florida. In response to complaints of property damage from residents and threats to native species, local officials and the US Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services began a removal program in 2008. Through 2011, trappers removed 9467 ctenosaurs. The number removed declined from 32 iguanas/day in 2008 to 1.9 iguanas/day in 2011 despite no easing of the control effort. We necropsied 2757 ctenosaurs to document aspects of their natural history. Females outnumbered males overall, although the largest size class (>300 mm snout–vent length) included 32 males and just 2 females. Reproduction was seasonal. We found oviducal eggs in females from early Apr to early Jun, approximately 2 months later than C. similis in its native range. We trapped hatchlings from late Jul to early Oct coincident with the summer rainy season. Clutch size increased with female body size, with 62 being the largest clutch size recorded. In general, the biology of the invasive population on Gasparilla Island resembles native C. similis populations in Central America, except for the lack of large individuals. We suggest that shorter day length and colder temperatures create environmental conditions that are suboptimal for individual growth compared to those in the native range.  相似文献   

Advances in Laparoscopic Skills Training and Management     

《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》2016,46(1):1-12

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林下姜科植物的选育与栽培技术研究综述     

熊秉红  禹玉华  刘春艳  周悦  胡丰 《广东林业科技》2016,32(4):102-107

树木褐根病是由有害木层孔菌 (Phellinus noxius) 引起的一类土壤传染性根部病害，为了实施对 这类病害的生物防治，结合唯一氮源 1- 氨基环丙烷 -1- 羧酸（ACC）为底物和平板对峙法，从澳门松山市 政公园健康树木的根际分离得到 1 株对有害木层孔菌具有较强拮抗活性的菌株 1583。采用一对细菌通用 引物 PCR 扩增获得菌株 1583 的 16S rDNA 基因序列，其片段大小为 1 496 bp，系统进化树显示菌株 1583 与 Burkholderia seminalis 的亲缘关系最近，综合结果鉴定该菌株为伯克霍尔德菌（Burkholderia sp.）。拮抗 性研究表明，菌株 1583 对油菜菌核病病原菌（Sclerotinia sclerotiorum）、黑松叶斑病病原菌（Pestalotiopsis sp.）、香蕉枯萎病病原菌（Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense）、白蝴蝶炭疽病病原菌（Colletotrichum sp.） 和美人蕉瘟病病原菌（Pyricularia cannaecola hashioka）等植物病原真菌均有明显的抑制作用。  相似文献   

广东海陵岛滨海植物资源调查与造景应用效果研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄建荣  李子华  郭淑红  谭广文 《广东园林》2015,(3)

通过调查广东海陵岛的野生植物资源,共记录了38科76种滨海植物,并以植物的生长繁殖力、耐盐性、抗病虫害能力、耐修剪性和观赏效果为5项指标,筛选出18种最适宜滨海园林应用的植物,其中应用在保利银滩项目中的木麻黄、马鞍藤和草海桐,具有较强抵御滨海恶劣气候的能力。  相似文献   

关于耐湿园林植物处理城市污水的探讨     

赵妍  胡增军 《吉林农业科技学院学报》2010,(1)

近年来,我国的水污染现象越来越严重,而对植物处理城市污水方面的研究国内外只局限于芦苇(Phragmites australis)、香蒲(Typha orientalis Presl.)等水生植物,虽对污水净化效率较高,但植物种类单一且观赏价值不高。针对这些不足,探讨了在植物选择上应扩展到耐湿园林植物,在注重污水净化效果的同时又体现植物的美学功能,为现代城市营造出一处生态功能景观。  相似文献   

邢台市地被景观现状及发展浅议     

周万里 《河北林果研究》2012,27(2):210-213

阐述了园林地被的概念及分类并介绍了邢台市园林绿化中主要应用的地被植物及其应用形式。分析了邢台市园林绿化中地被景观发展的现状及存在问题,并在此基础上提出今后园林地被植物的应用前景及发展方向。  相似文献   

Systemic View on Heading and Overwintering: Are They Always Opposed?     

A. Šimkūnas  S. Valašinaitė  V. Denisov  A. Salytė 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2013,199(6):460-465

The study investigated the cultivars of non‐obligatorily requiring vernalization plant Festulolium braunii and assessed the influence of non‐hardy reproductive and hardy vegetative structures on overwintering effect. The study was conducted taking into account systemic relations between these types of structures. The results show the cultivars differ according to the percentage of headed and overwintered plants, when the cultivars with the most abundant heading – ‘Felopa’ and ‘Sulino’ – are also better at overwintering. The positive correlation between heading and overwintering characteristics was also observed, what seemed to be a rather new finding. It can be explained by systemic effect: non‐hardy later reproductive structures induce the post‐generative regrowth of vegetative shoots, which during shorter days halt development and become potentially hardy. More detailed interpretation is also provided including discussion of causal mechanisms of the detected phenomenon. The authors suppose that these mechanisms constitute a survival strategy for such perennial plants. The observed late heading which represents reproductive structures could be applied in plant breeding as a marker of winter‐hardiness among perennial grass plants which non‐obligatorily demand vernalization.  相似文献   

Downstream drift of round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) and tubenose goby (Proterorhinus semilunaris) in their non‐native area     

Michal Janáč  Luděk Šlapanský  Zdenka Valová  Pavel Jurajda 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2013,22(3):430-438

Several Ponto‐Caspian gobiid species have recently expanded their ranges in Europe and North America. This is the first study to demonstrate passive downstream dispersal (drift) of the round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) and tubenose goby (Proterorhinus semilunaris) in newly colonised areas (River Dyje, Danube basin), a factor that could play an important role in their dispersal. Drift duration (i.e. number of dates on which the species was caught) in round goby was longer than that of both native species and tubenose goby, providing a possible advantage. Size of drifting fish was restricted to a narrow range of 6–8 mm and 5–8 mm for round and tubenose goby, respectively. Drift in both species occurred almost completely during hours of darkness (<1 lux) and fish size did not vary throughout the night. In both species, drift density increased significantly during the first hour after dusk. Round goby density gradually decreased up to dawn, while tubenose goby density varied throughout the night with no clear pattern. Drift of early life stages appears to be an important phenomenon that has not received adequate attention in studies of round and tubenose goby ecology and dispersal.  相似文献   

南京市森林特点与环市自然保护区网的建设   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

黄致远  朱小毅 《江苏林业科技》2000,27(3):20-24

在分析研究了南京市的自然环境、植物区系与森林类型特点的基础上提出了建设南京市环市森林公园型自然保护区网的建议，讨论了各保护区的保护内容、保护价值与建设构想。  相似文献   

Reactions on Nicotiana species to potato viruses A,X and Y and tobacco mosaic virus in relation to their taxonomy and geographical origin     

P. Van Dijk  C. Cuperus 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1989,95(6):343-356

When testing the response of species of the genusNicotiana to 14 isolates of potato viruses A (PVA), X (PVX) and Y (PVY) and tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), sections and section parts of the genus could be divided into five groups according to the overall reaction of their species. Species from arid regions of australia and belonging to the sectionSuaveolentes (subgenusPetunioides) were most sensitive and least resistant, whereas the sectionsPaniculatae (subgenusRustica),Tomentosae (Tabacum) andNoctiflorae (Petunioides) appeared least sensitive and most resistant. Sixty-one percent of the accessions of the latter sections proved resistant to at least two of the viruses. The most resistant species have their main geographical distribution in the central Andes (southern Peru, Bolivia and north-western Argentina), where the viruses may have originated. One other resistant species wasN. africana (Suaveolentes) indigenous to south-western Africa. The most sensitive American sections, viz.Genuinae (Tabacum) andTrigonophyllae, Alatae, Acuminatae andBigelovianae (Petunioides), were generally more sensitive than species of theSuaveolentes section from outside the arid regions of Australia. The remaining part of the genus, viz. the American sectionsThyrsiflorae andRusticae (Rustica) andUndulatae, Repandea andNudicaules (Petunioides) was intermediate between the latter group ofSuaveolentes species and the resistant group of sections with regard to sensitivity and resistance, but had a high rate of tolerance to PVA, PVX and PVY and of hypersensitivity-associated resistance to TMV. The results indicate that the viral respons in the genusNicotiana is mainly determined geographically and to a lesser extent taxonomically.Samenvatting Na inoculatie van een grote collectieNicotiana-soorten met 14 isolaten van de aardappelvirussen A (PVA), X (PVX) en Y (PVY) en tabaksmozaïekvirus (TMV), konden de secties of sectiedelen van het genus op basis van de gemiddelde reactie van hun soorten in vijf groepen worden verdeeld. Soorten uit Australische woestijngebieden en taxonomisch behorend tot de sectieSuaveolentes (subgenusPetunioides) bleken het meest gevoelig en het minst resistent, terwijl de sectiesPaniculatae (subgenusRustica),Tomentosae (Tabacum) enNoctiflorae (Petunioides) het minst gevoelig en het meest resistent waren. Van de collectienummers van de laatstgenoemde secties bleek 61% resistentie tegen minstens twee van de virussen te bezitten. De meest resistente soorten hebben hun verspreidingsgebied vooral in het centrale deel van het Andesgebergte (het zuidelijk deel van Peru, Bolivia en noord-westelijk Argentinië). Mogelijk is dit het ontstaansgebied van deze virussen. De einge andere resistente soort wasN. africana (Suaveolentes) uit zuid-westelijk Afrika. De meest gevoelige Amerikaanse secties, te wetenGenuinae (Tabacum) enTrigonophyllae, Alatae, Acuminatae enBigelovianae (Petunioides), waren gemiddeld gevoeliger danSuaveolentes-soorten die niet uit de Australische woestijnen afkomstig zijn. Het resterende deel van het genus, bestaande uit de Amerikaanse sectiesThyrsiflorae enRusticae (Rustica) enUndulatae, Repandae enNudicaules (Petunioides), stond met betrekking tot gevoeligheid en resistentie tussen laatstgenoemd deel van de sectieSuaveolentes en de groep resistente secties in, maar vertoonde in hoge mate tolerantie voor PVA, PVX en PVY en met overgevoeligheid samengaande resistentie voor TMV. Uit de resultaten blijkt dat de reacties van het genusNicotiana op virussen vooral geografisch bepaald zijn en in mindere mate taxonomisch.  相似文献