Potential of Waxy gene microsatellite and single-nucleotide polymorphisms to develop japonica varieties with desired amylose levels in rice (Oryza sativa L.)     

P. Jayamani  S. Negrão  C. Brites  M.M. Oliveira 《Journal of Cereal Science》2007

The Waxy (Wx) gene is responsible for the synthesis of amylose, a key determinant of the cooking and processing qualities of rice. Polymorphisms of CT-microsatellite and G–T single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the Wx gene and their relationship to amylose content (Ac) were explored using 178 non-waxy rice genotypes. Nine Wx microsatellite alleles, namely (CT)10 and 11, and (CT)14–20 were identified and 11 haplotypes were recognised by different combinations of CT-microsatellite and G–T SNP. Amylose content analysed in a random set of 39 genotypes was correlated with different microsatellite alleles/haplotypes. The highest Ac levels (>30%) correlated with (CT)10 and 16, high (26–30%) with (CT)11, 15 and 20, and intermediate (21–25%) with (CT)14, in all cases with G at the G–T SNP. The CT-classes (CT)17 and 18 (mean Ac value of 21%), could be subdivided into low amylose haplotypes (16–20%) for 17T and 18T and intermediate amylose haplotypes (21–25%) for 17G and 18G. The use of haplotypes proved to discriminate between intermediate and low amylose accessions within the same microsatellite class. Analyses of a segregating population of a cross between low and high Ac parents showed that CT-microsatellite may help to classify breeding lines and identify pollen contamination. We suggest that CT-microsatellite together with G–T SNP may be used as molecular marker by breeders to develop varieties with desired amylose levels.  相似文献   

甲基溴替代技术对番茄温室土壤养分及微生物量碳的影响          下载免费PDF全文

陈云峰  曹志平  于永莉 《中国生态农业学报》2007,15(5):42-45

试验于2001~2003年研究了甲基溴替代技术对温室番茄土壤养分及微生物量碳的影响,替代技术为太阳能配合生防制剂木霉菌(SS BCA)、甲基溴及减量甲基溴(常规用量75%)覆盖不透膜(MB VIF)、威百亩(MS)及减量威百亩(常规用量75%)覆盖不透膜(MS VIF)。结果表明:2001~2002年各处理对土壤pH、有效磷、有效钾及阳离子交换量影响不显著,甲基溴熏蒸(VIF膜和PE膜)提高了土壤铵态氮的释放;4个化学处理(MB,MB VIF,MS及MS VIF)可显著降低土壤微生物量碳含量,但彼此之间差异不显著。2002~2003年增施有机肥后,4个化学处理效果与2001~2002年相同,太阳能消毒则提高了土壤铵态氮的释放,对土壤微生物碳的影响也达到化学处理的水平。两季番茄中土壤微生物量碳均季节性波动明显,施用有机肥可加速微生物的周转。  相似文献   

2种不同熏蒸剂对舞毒蛾不同虫态的杀灭效果     

张瑞峰  程瑜  杨菲  康芬芬  魏亚东 《植物保护》2013,39(4):164-167

为判断溴甲烷和硫酰氟对舞毒蛾不同虫态的杀灭效果,在25℃下,分别在经过气密性检测的熏蒸桶内投入16、20、24、32 g/m3的溴甲烷和40、56、72、88 g/m3的硫酰氟,熏蒸处理舞毒蛾卵、幼虫、蛹和成虫4.5h.结果表明,经过4.5h熏蒸,杀灭舞毒蛾卵、1龄幼虫、蛹和成虫的溴甲烷浓度分别为32、20、24和16 g/m3,杀灭上述虫态硫酰氟浓度分别为88、56、72和40 g/m3.本文结果表明,舞毒蛾卵为最耐受溴甲烷和硫酰氟熏蒸的虫态,在目前口岸实际熏蒸处理中应充分考虑熏蒸剂对舞毒蛾卵的杀灭效果.  相似文献   

Composition and biological activity of the essential oil from Thapsia minor, a new source of geranyl acetate     

Maria José GonçalvesMaria Teresa Cruz  Ana Cristina TavaresCarlos Cavaleiro  Maria Celeste LopesJorge Canhoto  Lígia Salgueiro 《Industrial Crops and Products》2012,35(1):166-171

The essential oils from aerial parts of Thapsia minor Hoffmanns. & Link (Apiaceae), obtained by hydrodistillation, were analyzed by gas-chromatography and gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry. Oxygenated monoterpenes represented the main fraction with geranyl acetate (82.3-83.0%) as the major constituent, making this plant a good source of this compound.Biological activity of the essential oil was evaluated against several fungal strains. The highest activity was found against dermatophyte strains, Crytococcus neoformans and Candida guillermondii with minimal inhibitory concentrations values from 0.32 μl/ml to 1.25 μl/ml. The antifungal activity could be associated with the significant contribution of the oxygenated monoterpene geranyl acetate.Furthermore, this essential oil demonstrated to have potent anti-inflammatory in vitro activity, at concentrations that did not affect macrophages and keratinocytes viability, being the anti-inflammatory properties of the oil mainly due to geranyl acetate.These favorable results emphasize the antifungal and anti-inflammatory abilities of the molecule geranyl acetate and further support the exploitation of T. minor oil for pharmaceutical industry, in order to find new phytopharmaceuticals.  相似文献   

Functional degeneration of the resistance gene nsv against Melon necrotic spot virus at low temperature     

Kazutaka Kido  Tomofumi Mochizuki  Kazutoshi Matsuo  Chika Tanaka  Kenji Kubota  Takehiro Ohki  Shinya Tsuda 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2008,121(2):189-194

The single recessive gene, nsv, which confers resistance against Melon necrotic spot virus (MNSV), has recently been used to develop virus-resistant melon cultivars in Japan. However, the Chiba isolate of MNSV, a common isolate in Japan, infected resistant cultivars when inoculated melon plants were grown at 15°C. Viral RNAs accumulated in protoplasts from resistant cultivars at both 15 and 20°C. Mechanical inoculation of the cotyledons caused MNSV to spread throughout the leaves at 15°C, but not at 20°C. These results support our novel hypothesis that a temperature-sensitive inactivation of disease resistance genes occurs at the nsv locus in melon cultivars with the resistance gene grown at temperatures below 20°C. The first and second authors contributed equally to this research.  相似文献   

荷叶中锂的光谱测定     

赵飞  郭俊明  张虹  王宝森 《广西热带农业》2009,(3):1-2

采用火焰原子吸收法测定了荷叶中锂元素的含量.结果表明,方法的平均回收率98.3%,其相对标准偏差2.7%,荷叶中锂含量为18.50 μg/g.  相似文献   

马铃薯SSR标记聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王绍鹏  邱彩玲  李勇  宿飞飞  刘尚武  吕典秋 《中国马铃薯》2009,23(3):143-147

以马铃薯品种早大白、黄麻子、克新13、荷兰15、大西洋为试验材料,提取基因组DNA,进行SSR标记,并将标记产物进行聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,比较不同电泳参数(聚丙烯酰胺凝胶的浓度、电泳电压、染色方法)对电泳结果的影响。确定了适合马铃薯SSR标记的电泳检测体系,即聚丙烯酰胺凝胶的浓度为12%,电泳电压为170V,染色方法为溴化乙锭染色。  相似文献   

溴甲烷和磷化氢熏蒸杂交稻种对米象和干尖线虫的杀灭效果及对水稻发芽率的影响     

陈白莙  王光锋  谭九洲  姜金林  张华茂 《植物保护》2009,35(1):146-148

在10~15 ℃、16~20 ℃、21~30 ℃3个温度范围下,不同剂量的溴甲烷、磷化氢熏蒸出口杂交稻种的试验表明：溴甲烷、磷化氢能有效地杀灭米象,但不能完全杀灭干尖线虫。熏蒸后对杂交稻种的发芽率检测表明磷化氢对杂交稻种表现安全,但16~20 ℃下,40 g/m3溴甲烷及21~30 ℃下,32 g/m3溴甲烷熏蒸处理24 h,杂交稻种子发芽率显著降低。  相似文献   

Fumigation efficacy and emission reduction using low‐permeability film in orchard soil fumigation          下载免费PDF全文

Suduan Gao  Lynn M Sosnoskie  Jose Alfonso Cabrera  Ruijun Qin  Bradley D Hanson  James S Gerik  Dong Wang  Greg T Browne  John E Thomas 《Pest management science》2016,72(2):306-314

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Effects of CO2 dissolution on phase distribution and degradation of dimethyl disulfide in soils under grape production          下载免费PDF全文

Jeremy L Conkle  Jose Alfonso Cabrera  John E Thomas  Dong Wang  Jay Gan 《Pest management science》2016,72(2):349-353

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