Castration of piglets: the analgesic effects of intratesticular and intrafunicular lidocaine injection     

Haga HA  Ranheim B 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2005,32(1):1-9

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic effect of intratesticular and intrafunicular lidocaine for the surgical castration of piglets and to investigate the degree of nociception induced by lidocaine injection. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective controlled experimental study. ANIMALS: Forty-seven male Norwegian landrace piglets with normal testicular anatomy, aged 22 (+/-2.6 SD) days and weighing 7.4 +/- 1.4 kg. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Anaesthesia was induced and maintained using halothane delivered in oxygen. End-tidal halothane was stabilized at 1.3% for 20 minutes before mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) pulse rate and electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring began. After 5 minutes of data collection, scrotal skin was desensitized with lidocaine before either an intrafunicular (IF) (n = 15) or an intratesticular (IT) (n = 16) lidocaine injection was made. Pigs in the control group (n = 16) did not receive lidocaine. Ten minutes later, a scalpel and an emasculator were used to cut the funiculus spermaticus. The MAP, pulse rate and EEG were monitored continuously for 5 minutes after castration. RESULTS: During castration, MAP increased significantly, while pulse rate and EEG theta power fell significantly more in control, compared with the IT or IF groups. EEG alpha power fell more in the control group than in the IF group. No significant differences were found between the IF and IT groups. EEG, MAP and pulse rate responses to castration in the control group were significantly larger than the response to lidocaine injection. CONCLUSION/CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Injecting lidocaine into the funiculus spermaticus or into the testes is effective in reducing signs of nociception caused by castration. Lidocaine injection is less noxious than castration without local anaesthetic.  相似文献   

政府公信度对农户退耕还林行为影响的实证研究     

王厚俊  李明桥  徐妍 《渔业经济研究》2010,(5):57-65,81

在政府推行退耕还林政策以及有关部门提供扶贫项目时，贵州省三个自然村农户的退荒还林以及不接受扶贫项目的生产行为令人费解。本文通过剖析这一似乎与常理相矛盾的案例得出以下推论：政府惠农政策落实的快慢取决于政府公信度对农户生产行为的影响。该结论有力地解释了政府出台的各种惠农政策要经过一段时间才能惠及每家农户。研究表明，提升政府公信度能够改善政策效果并尽快惠及于民。  相似文献   

Local factors and time‐variable parameters in tactical planning models: A tool for adaptive timber procurement planning     

《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1-4):370-382

In solving a wood procurement problem using linear programming, one obtains a static solution that is found simultaneously, for instance, by the Simplex technique. Therefore, general linear programming is useful when dealing with large‐scale and strategical problems. By using the formulations of dynamic linear programming presented in this study, local decision makers are provided with the advantages of an approximation tool for tactical planning situations. The models were used (1) to implement a local approach to tactical planning; and (2) to consider local and time‐variable aspects of wood procurement. In particular, as an example, a local seasonal cost effect is investigated; the results obtained are compared with results obtained by conventional higher level models. Both model structures (conventional and local) covered the same wood procurement system and the same planning horizon, but the procedure developed was more flexible and suitable for multi‐stage planning at the local level. The procedure was not as efficient computationally as the conventional procedure, but future developments in the computer industry can be expected to provide more computational capacity for processing and increasing number of variables. Using the following local procedure developed, the same tactical problem could be solved with higher precision because the system is closer to reality; the magnitude of the dynamic inconsistency was diminished.  相似文献   

输油气站场区域性阴极保护技术   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘玲莉  陈洪源  刘明辉  刘桂春 《油气储运》2005,24(7):28-32

针对施加在输油气站、油库及加热站等管网密集区域的阴极保护存在着保护电流消耗高、容易出现干扰及屏蔽等现象,通过多组阳极分散布置、远/近阳极互为补充、牺牲阳极材料做接地等改进措施,确保站场区域内结构以低电流获得充分保护,并有效控制干扰、减缓屏蔽.介绍了区域性阴极保护技术的结构要求、系统设计、施工与运行调试及干扰控制等.  相似文献   

地方土地管理制度立法探索          下载免费PDF全文

周晖 《北京农业职业学院学报》2020,(6):19-25

《土地管理法》正式实施后，作为下位法的行政法规、地方性法规和规章等都应当及时做出相应修改和完善，应明确建立最严格的耕地保护制度，依照“权责相一致”的原则列明地方政府的用地自主权，优化建设用地审批制度，全面编制《土地征收目录》，应采取多样性的征地补偿方式，建立以维护农民权益为核心地位的、细化的土地征收程序，健全土地征收审查、监督机制，从而建立我国完整的地方土地管理法律制度。  相似文献   

MODIFIED ULTRA WIDEBAND CIRCULAR PRINTED MONOPOLE ANTENNA     

He Xiaoxiang  Deng Hongwei 《勤云标准版测试》2008,(3)

  相似文献   

湖南攸县龟峰综合公园景观设计     

刘晔 《技术与市场》2006,(6):20-23

本着因地制宜，传承文化的设计理念，设计株洲攸县灵龟峰综合公园。通过对当地历史文化的仔细研究及现场的细致勘查，精心构思。以具象手法塑造成景，将一个被破坏的宗教文化地域改造成为当地首个综合性公园，强调园林设计中环境与文化艺术的结合。  相似文献   

内蒙古几个乡土树种造林技术研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

葛莉莉  温阳  王晶莹  刘宗顺  闫德仁  刘秀荣 《内蒙古林业科技》2006,32(4):11-13

经过抗逆性观测,筛选出几个乡土树种在内蒙古三个立地类型区进行了植苗和直播造林试验,结果表明:植苗造林前苗木浸水是关键,浸足水的苗木再采取抗旱保水措施可提高成活率和保存率;直播造林以秋季播种为佳,但在鼠害猖獗的地方,灭鼠是关键,要在出苗前采取治理措施。  相似文献   

对Scholz-Kraft局部效应模型中X线存活曲线模型的不合理性分析     

刘瑞娟  张琳  王坤 《青岛农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2009,26(3)

介绍了M. Scholz和G. Kraft等人在计算重离子照射细胞存活率的局部效应模型中使用的X线存活曲线的数学模型,指出此曲线中存在一个毫无依据的自由参数Dt。依据Scholz等人的局部效应模型利用Fortran语言编程计算,证明了此参数取值的不同对局部效应模型的计算结果产生极大影响,由于X线存活曲线是局部效应模型的实验基础,因此此影响对局部效应模型来说是致命的。  相似文献   

湖北省板栗地方品种果实性状研究          下载免费PDF全文

涂炳坤 《林业科学研究》2001,14(5):548-552

通过实地调查，对湖北省20个板栗地方品种的10个性状利用SAS软件进行了板栗品种前Q型聚类及其10个性状的R型聚类分析，Q型聚类将20个板栗品种分成3组，每组都存在着明显的特点：（1）油栗型品种，坚果小，晚熟，耐贮藏，适于炒食或贮藏保鲜，延后上市，（2）大果型品种，坚果特大，适于菜用或加工，中熟或中晚熟，（3）中果型品种，坚果中等大，成熟上市较早，适于鲜食，R型聚类分析揭示了性状之间的相对关系，把10个性状分成了3组，8个形质性状最先聚合在一起成为一组，2个数量性状彼此独立，坚果平均质量，总苞平均质量是不稳定的数量性状，根据总苞和坚果性状编制了湖北省板栗品种检索表，就湖北省板栗品种结构调整提出了建议。  相似文献