氨基酸微量元素螯合肥对玉米产量和品质的影响     

黄浩  范稚莲  莫良玉 《安徽农业科学》2015,(12)

[目的]探讨3种氨基酸微肥(Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ)对糯玉米的作用。[方法]在大田条件下,以清水为对照,喷施不同氨基酸微肥,研究对玉米性状、产量、品质的影响。[结果]与清水处理相比,氨基酸微肥明显提高玉米产量,比对照高13.43%以上,其中氨基酸微肥(Ⅲ)产量最高,为31 900.45 kg/hm2,高于对照23.04%,其次为氨基酸微肥Ⅰ29 411.76 kg/hm2和氨基酸微肥Ⅱ29 502.26 kg/hm2,最低是对照25927.60 kg/hm2。氨基酸微肥处理的可溶性还总糖和蛋白质含量显著高于对照,其中氨基酸微肥Ⅲ处理的玉米品质最佳,显著高于氨基酸微肥Ⅰ和Ⅱ处理。[结论]氨基酸微肥Ⅲ对玉米生长影响最大,不仅提高产量,而且改善玉米品质,是一种理想的叶面肥。  相似文献   

Boron Deficiency Precisely Identified on Growth Stage V4 of Maize Crop Using Texture Image Analysis     

P. H. C. Luz  M. A. Marin  F. F. S. Devechio  A. M. G. Zuñiga  M. W. S. Oliveira 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2018,49(2):159-169

The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic imaging approach to identify the deficiency of boron in leaves of maize. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse under a hydroponic system. The treatments were four levels of boron (B) in solution nutrition (zero, 0.12, 0.24 and 0.60 mg L^?1), combined at V4, V7, and R1 growing stages. Plant parts sampled included index leaf and new leaf to chemical analysis and texture image analysis. Our proposal was to apply these texture analysis and pattern classification schemes to identify the levels of B. Texture methods achieved 98% of accuracy in differentiating between leaves properly fertilized with B, from leaves with deficiency, in V4. In all tests, with index leaf success rate was higher than 80%, and around 90% for the new leaf. The image analysis by texture techniques applied on maize leaves are able to identify boron deficiencies in younger plants.  相似文献   

不同增施微肥方式对马铃薯块茎产量和Zn、Fe含量的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

罗磊  李亚杰  黄凯  姚彦红  王娟  李德明 《干旱地区农业研究》2017,35(2):152-156

本研究的目的在于揭示土施和喷施两种增施微肥方式对马铃薯块茎产量和Zn、Fe含量的影响。试验选取定薯1号为试材,进行田间试验,设13个处理,依次为:硫酸锌、硫酸亚铁、硫酸锰分别作基肥施入(D1、D2、D3),在现蕾期、开花期和块茎膨大期喷施0.2%水溶液(A1、A2、A3、B1、B2、B3、C1、C2、C3),不喷施为对照(CK)。结果表明:增施微肥能使株高降低0.9~3.9 cm,茎粗增粗0.02~0.13 cm,单株结薯数增加0.13~0.86个,也能使单株产量增加0.002~0.18 kg,平均单薯重增加7.48~12.04 g,使生育期延长1~8 d,在现蕾期、开花期、块茎膨大期喷施硫酸锌和现蕾期喷施硫酸锰能使产量增加18.4%~25.7%;现蕾期喷施硫酸锌可提高块茎Zn含量(提高2.2 mg·kg~(-1)),而在现蕾期喷施硫酸锌、硫酸亚铁、硫酸锰,开花期喷施硫酸亚铁,硫酸锰作基肥施入可提高块茎Fe含量(提高2.0~9.0 mg·kg~(-1))。  相似文献   

Effect of soil application of nickel on growth,micronutrient concentration and uptake in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grown in Inceptisols of Varanasi     

Omkar Kumar  A. P. Singh  S. N. Yadav  A. M. Latare 《Journal of plant nutrition》2018,41(1):50-66

A pot experiment was conducted in a glass house on low nickel containing alluvial soil in the Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, during 2012–13 and 2013–14, to study the response of barley to soil application of nickel (Ni). There were ten treatments of Ni (0, 2.5, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 mg kg^?1) studied with recommended dose of fertilizers nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulfur (N:P:K:S :: 40:30:30:20 mg kg^?1).The results showed a significant increase in plant height, number of tillers, chlorophyll content, straw and grain yield, and 1,000 grains weight with application of 10 mg Ni kg^?1 soil during both years of study. The micronutrient concentration and uptake in straw and grain increased with application of <15 mg Ni kg^?1 soil and beyond that declined significantly. Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid-extractable micronutrient iron, manganese, copper, zinc and nickel (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn and Ni) content in soil increased with increasing level of Ni. The maximum urease activity in post-harvest soil was noticed with application of 40 mg Ni kg^?1 soil. The microbial population viz. bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes were higher with 5, 30 and 10 mg Ni kg^?1 soil, respectively.  相似文献   

Low-P solution culture can be used for screening root growth vigor in soil for high nutrient uptake of spring wheat varieties     

Yaosheng Wang  Lars Stoumann Jensen  Jakob Magid 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2018,68(2):130-138

Purpose: Root and root hairs of plants have been intensively studied in solution culture; however, correlation of such measurements in solution culture with development in soil is poorly understood. Therefore, the aim of this study is to study whether root and root hairs grown in solution culture can predict their behavior in soil and their correlation with macro- and micronutrients uptake of wheat genotypes.

Materials and methods: The growth of roots and root hairs as well as uptake of macro- and micronutrients of six spring wheat varieties was compared in solution culture under P stress and P abundance and in a low fertility soil.

Results and conclusions: Root length and surface area under P stress were significantly positively correlated with that in the low fertility soil, while no such correlation was apparent for root hair length and density. In absolute terms, the root length, surface area, root hair length and density of spring wheat varieties were substantially higher in soil than in solution culture, while the concentration and uptake of macro- and micronutrients in soil differed from solution culture in a complex way. The early uptake of macro- and micronutrients was intimately associated with root length and surface area as well as root hair length and density in soil but not in solution culture. Therefore, root length rather than root hair traits in low-P solution may be used to screen early root growth vigor in soil and thereby high nutrient uptake of wheat in low fertility soil.  相似文献   

新疆若羌县土壤微量营养元素的空间分布特征及影响因素     

曾妍妍  周金龙  陈云飞  王松涛  杜江岩  范薇 《干旱地区农业研究》2018,36(4):22-28

基于若羌县2015年143组0~20 cm土层土壤6种微量营养元素(Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu、Mo和B)的实测含量,运用多元统计分析、地统计学和Arc GIS技术相结合的方法,对研究区土壤微量营养元素的含量和空间分布特征进行分析。结果表明:Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu、Mo和B变异系数介于18.2%~47.4%,均属于中等变异。Fe、Mn、Zn、Mo和B的块金效应均小于25%,空间相关性较强,空间变异主要受到土壤母质等结构性变异主导;Cu的块金效应介于25%~75%之间,属于中等空间相关,空间变异受到人为活动等随机因素和结构性因素的共同影响。Fe、Mn、Zn和Cu的空间分布格局相似,总体呈现出从研究区四周向中心含量逐渐增大的趋势;Mo和B的空间分布格局相似,总体呈现出从南向北含量逐渐增大的趋势。土壤有机质、pH值和不同的成土母质、土壤类型、土地利用类型对土壤微量营养元素均有不同程度的影响。  相似文献   

Plant-available zinc fixation kinetics in semi-arid alkaline soils of the Southern High Plains     

Theophilus K. Udeigwe  Madeleine Eichmann  Peter N. Eze  Jasper M. Teboh  Gondah M. Zolue  Obiageli P. Umeugochukwu 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2017,63(4):553-564

This study examined zinc (Zn) fixation pattern and kinetics in three semiarid alkaline soils of the Southern High Plains, USA. Soil chemical data obtained from Zn-extraction experiments conducted at different depths were fitted to various kinetic models to examine Zn fixation patterns. Within the experimental period of 90 days, approximately 57% of the total plant-available Zn fixed occurred in the first 14 days when averaged across all soils and depths. Zinc fixation over the experimental period (90 days) was better described by the power function (pfxn) model (R² = 0.87–0.92, standard error [SE] = 0.130–0.154), but poorly described by the zero-, first- and second-order models (R² = 0.55–0.76, SE = 0.038–0.267). Average reaction rate constant (from the pfxn model) was higher in the subsurface soils (0.323), suggesting a more rapid Zn fixation, compared to the surface soils (0.293). Zinc fixation within the first 35 days was also more rapid and better described by both the second-order (R² = 0.91, SE = 0.018) and pfxn (R² = 0.92, SE = 0.119) models. Findings are applicable to field settings and kinetic parameters obtained will help to advance Zn studies and management in these semiarid soils.  相似文献   

不同锌源叶面喷施对冬小麦和夏玉米产量及籽粒营养品质的影响     

颜为  孙金鞭  吕洪国  黄萌  王志伟  齐世军  崔振岭  薛艳芳  刘开昌 《农业环境科学学报》2024,43(3):504-515

为探明不同锌源叶面肥喷施对小麦和玉米产量、籽粒矿质元素含量及锌、铁生物有效性的影响,对冬小麦-夏玉米轮作体系开展不同叶面肥喷施试验。小麦季设置去离子水(CK1)、尿素(CK2)、尿素+纳米氧化锌(U+ZnO)、尿素+壳聚糖纳米锌(U+ZnCNP)、尿素+普通七水硫酸锌(U+Zn)5种叶面肥处理;玉米季增加尿素与锌铁硒多元混合喷施处理(U+Zn/Fe/Se)。结果表明：各叶面肥喷施处理对小麦和玉米籽粒产量均无显著影响,但对籽粒微量元素含量有显著影响。不同锌源与尿素混合叶面肥对小麦籽粒锌含量强化效果由弱到强依次为U+ZnCNP-1增加至40.52 mg·kg^-1)、籽粒植酸与锌(PA/Zn)摩尔比显著下降42.1%,使籽粒锌生物有效性(TAZ)显著提高74.5%。对于玉米,与CK2处理相比,处理U+Zn/Fe/Se使籽粒锌含量提高32.3%(从14.93 mg·kg^-1增加至19.60 mg·kg  相似文献   

去叶和去小穗对小麦籽粒微量元素和蛋白质含量的影响          下载免费PDF全文

刘娜  余鹏  王超  奚文星  王志敏  张英华 《中国农业大学学报》2013,18(6):42-53

为了解小麦不同部位叶片对籽粒微量元素(Zn、Fe、Mn和Cu)和蛋白质含量的影响以及不同品种微量元素和蛋白质含量的源库限制程度,以8个冬小麦品种为材料,通过开花后去倒一叶、倒二叶、倒三叶和去50%小穗处理,分析成熟期籽粒中Zn、Mn、Fe、Cu和蛋白质含量与籽粒重的变化及其相互关系。结果表明,不同部位叶片的去除均降低了籽粒重和蛋白质含量,也降低了籽粒中Zn、Mn、Fe和Cu含量;几个品种平均来看,去倒一叶处理籽粒重下降幅度最大,为14.43%,去倒二叶处理籽粒微量元素含量下降幅度最大,Zn、Mn、Fe和Cu含量分别下降11.31%、15.27%、10.29%和8.32%,去倒三叶处理籽粒蛋白质含量下降幅度最大,为11.63%,各品种对去叶的反应有差异。去小穗减少库,剩余籽粒Zn、Mn、Fe、Cu和蛋白质含量分别提高26.02%、25.01%、8.93%、8.99%和3.51%,剩余籽粒粒重提高10.41%,说明籽粒Zn、Mn、Fe、Cu和蛋白质含量主要受各元素供源限制,且受源限制程度因品种而异。籽粒中4种微量元素含量之间及其与蛋白质含量之间具有一定的正相关性,说明籽粒微量元素含量与蛋白质含量存在同步提高的可能性,蛋白质含量可作为衡量Fe、Zn等元素含量高低的参考。  相似文献