Characteristics for Practical Use of Attenuated Isolate UA-Fukushima of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tomato mosaic virus</Emphasis>     

Tsutomu MATSUMOTO  Yuichiro NARA  Hiromitsu FURUYA  Harumi TAKAHASHI  Kiichi TAIRAKO  Hideki YAMAMOTO 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2002,68(4):382-384

L₁₁A-Fukushima (L₁₁A-F) derived from attenuated isolate LuA of Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) has the highest ability to cross protect against virulent ToMV among LuA and its derivatives and is stably inherited. Growth, yield, fruit quality and symptom attenuation of inoculated tomato plants did not differ significantly between L₁₁A-F and L₁₁A. The infectivity of progeny viruses in tomato infected with LuA-F was less than 4% of that with virulent ToMV. From these results, L₁₁A-F appears to possess the properties necessary for practical use. To manage L₁₁A-F strictly, a PCR-based assay to detect trace contamination of virulent ToMV in L₁₁A-F preparations was established. Received 10 June 2002/ Accepted in revised form 30 October 2002  相似文献   

A Cucumber mosaic virus Isolated from Silene armeria     

Kentaro OKUNO  Mitsuro KAMEYA-IWAKI  Minoru TAKESHITA  Naruto FURUYA  Yoichi TAKANAMI 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2002,68(1):108-109

A Cucumber mosaic virus was newly isolated from Silene armeria and was characterized by biological, serological and molecular biological methods. Received 4 July 2001/ Accepted in revised form 28 August 2001  相似文献   

The Complete Nucleotide Sequence of a Japanese Isolate of White clover mosaic virus Strain RC     

Hitomi NAKABAYASHI  Yasuyuki YAMAJI  Satoshi KAGIWADA  Masashi UGAKI  Shigetou NAMBA 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2002,68(2):173-176

The complete nucleotide sequence was determined for genomic RNA of White clover mosaic virus (WClMV-RC) isolated from red clover (Trifolium pratense) in Japan, It is 5843 nucleotides in length, excluding the poly(A) tail at the 3' terminus. Similar to other potexviruses, it contains five open reading frames (ORFs 1 through 5), which putatively encode an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) (147 kDa), a triple gene block (TGB) (26 kDa/13 kDa/7 kDa), and a coat protein (CP) (22 kDa), respectively. The deduced amino acid sequence of the WClMV-RC CP was identical to that of WClMV-O, one of two New Zealand isolates, but only 85% identical to that of WClMV-M, the other New Zealand isolate, because of heterogeneity in the C-termini of CP amino acid sequences. The implication of this CP heterogeneity is discussed. Received 30 August 2001/ Accepted in revised form 11 January 2002  相似文献   

Genetic variability within Phaeoisariopsis griseola from Central America and its implications for resistance breeding of common bean   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

G. S. Mahuku  C. Jara  J. B. Cuasquer  G. Castellanos 《Plant pathology》2002,51(5):594-604

The genetic and virulence variability of 112 isolates of Phaeoisariopsis griseola , collected from various locations in Central America, were studied using seven random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers and 12 common-bean differential genotypes. Broad molecular diversity ( H  = 0·92) among isolates was found using RAPD markers. Fifty pathotypes were identified on 12 differential bean genotypes, 29 of which were represented by only one isolate. Only 18 pathotypes were found in two or more countries. Pathotype 63-63 was the most virulent and caused leaf spots on all 12 common-bean differential genotypes. Comparison of virulence phenotypes and RAPD profiles to known Andean P. griseola isolates confirmed that all isolates belonged to the Mesoamerican group. Pairwise comparison between individual RAPD loci showed that the majority were in gametic phase linkage disequilibrium, revealing that P. griseola maintains a genetic structure that is consistent with asexual reproduction. The molecular and virulence diversities of P. griseola isolates from Central America imply that using single resistance genes to manage angular leaf spot is inadequate and stacking resistance genes may be necessary to manage the disease effectively.  相似文献   

2%氨基寡糖防治苹果花叶病   总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19  

赵小明  ;李东鸿;杜昱光;白雪芳 《植物保护》2002,28(5):15-17

2001年8月应用2%氨基寡糖对苹果花叶病进行了田间防治试验 ,结果表明:2%氨基寡糖水剂稀释300、500倍液,对苹果花叶病防效达93.85%、89.42%。其防效比对照药剂20%病毒A 81.11%的防效高 ,比对照区增产21%、23% ,是防治苹果花叶病较理想的药剂  相似文献   

麦二叉蚜传播玉米矮花叶病毒的机制   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李向东  范在丰  李怀方  裘维蕃 《植物保护学报》2002,29(1):62-66

用胶体金标记法和荧光抗体标记法研究了麦二叉蚜(Schizaphis graminum)传播玉米矮花叶病毒(Maize dwaft mosaic virus,MDMV)的机制。麦二叉蚜传播玉米矮花叶病毒需要辅助成份-蛋白酶(Helper component-proteinase,HC-Pro)的参与。在电镜下观察到HC-Pro可以与MDMV粒子结合。用FITC标记的HC-Pro抗体和MDMV抗体证明,HC-Pro可以直接结合到蚜虫口针上;而MDMV粒子不能直接结合到蚜虫口针,必须在HC-Pro的辅助下才能结合到蚜虫口针上。这为HC-Pro在蚜虫传毒过程中起桥梁作用提供了新的证据。MDMV粒子主要吸附在蚜虫口针的尖端和中间部分。  相似文献   

北方地区小西葫芦黄花叶病毒的酶联检测和西瓜品种抗病性鉴定   总被引：11，自引：2，他引：11  

勤生  P.Roggero  R.Lenzi  范在丰  李怀方  俞正旺 《果树学报》2002,19(3):184-187

应用DAS-ELISA对分别于1998年在河南、陕西和1999年在河南、陕西、河北和山西采集的葫芦科病毒病样本84份、186份进行小西葫芦黄花叶病毒的检测,表明该病毒在这些地区广泛发生,ZYMV阳性检出率分别为79.8%和57.5%熏在北京和河南临颖县ZYMV发生率较低熏≤23.1%,在其余地区即河北石家庄,河南郑州、开封、孟津,山西运城,陕西西安其阳性检出率在40.0%～92.9%之间。除冬瓜样本没有ZYMV外,西瓜、甜瓜、南瓜、丝瓜、小西葫芦、苦瓜、黄瓜和瓠子均受到ZYMV的侵染。不同地区、年份和作物之间ZYMV阳性检出率存在差异。对18份西瓜品种的抗ZYMV温室人工接种鉴定的试验表明,目前推广的一些品种对ZYMV缺乏抗病性。  相似文献   

Diversity of the coat protein-coding region among Ilarvirus isolates infecting hop in Australia   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

D. R. Crowle  S. J. Pethybridge  G. W. Leggett  L. J. Sherriff  C. R. Wilson † 《Plant pathology》2003,52(5):655-662

Coat protein (CP) sequences of 17 Ilarvirus isolates were obtained from hops at three farms in Tasmania, Australia. Phylogenetic analysis of these sequences and additional database sequences indicated several Apple mosaic virus (ApMV) isolate clusters distinct from Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV): one containing isolates from apple; one containing a single isolate from almond; a third containing Australian hop isolates of the 'apple' serotype and a German isolate of unknown origin; and a fourth containing Australian hop isolates of the 'intermediate' serotype. Isolates from hop, pear and prune from the Czech Republic either formed a fifth grouping, or were divergent members of the 'intermediate' serotype group. Deduced amino acid (aa) residue differences between the coat proteins of the two hop isolate serotype groups were highlighted as possible regions of serological differentiation. No evidence for coinfection of plants with both serotypes was found. Tests of ApMV-infected hop buds using the Shirofugen flowering cherry assay revealed a possible differentiation of the two strains based on hypersensitivity. Because of serological similarities to PNRSV, these viruses have commonly been reported as strains of PNRSV. However, this study shows ilarviruses from Australian hops are strains of ApMV, but distinct from those infecting Malus spp.  相似文献   

外来入侵种的危害与防治对策   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

付秀琴 《四川草原》2004,(7)

外来入侵种对当地的自然生态系统结构和功能以及生物多样性都有着深远的影响,而且可能对地方的生态环境和经济造成严重危害。四川已经成为遭受外来入侵种威胁的省份之一,全省现有20多个外来入侵种。为了防止外来入侵种的泛滥,应当建立外来物种的引入评价机制,慎重进行有意引种;加强口岸管理,防止外来入侵种通过贸易途径无意引入,同时采取措施控制已经产生危害的外来入侵种。  相似文献   

与香蕉种质离体保存相关的几个遗传学问题   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2  

吴元立  易干军  周碧容  曾继吾 《果树学报》2004,21(4):365-369

目前香蕉种质的离体保存主要有缓慢生长保存和超低温保存两种方法。综合有关文献综述和讨论了香蕉种质离体保存过程涉及的遗传多样性、遗传稳定性和完整性、适应等遗传学问题。在开展香蕉种质离体保存的过程中,对离体保存所带来的遗传学方面的影响加以重视并设法减少其影响十分重要:(1)香蕉的生物学特性决定了香蕉种质的离体保存主要以始于吸芽茎尖的培养物作为保存材料;为减少取样环节样本容量较小带来的影响,建议保存数量较大的种质份数。(2)离体保存尤其是缓慢生长保存会引起香蕉种质的遗传不稳定性,因此有必要进行定期的检测。目前香蕉种质遗传稳定性的检测方法主要有形态鉴别、超微结构的观察、同工酶分析和分子标记等。(3)与缓慢生长保存相比较,超低温保存除了在保存过程中香蕉种质遗传稳定性较高,在实现对香蕉种质的长期保存方面也具有明显的优越性。  相似文献