行距与栽培年限对老芒麦鲜草及种子产量的影响     

游明鸿  刘金平  白史且  李达旭  鄢家俊  张昌兵 《草业科学》2012,29(8):1278-1284

试验对30、45、60、75 和90 cm行距下,第2-5年老芒麦（Elymus sibiricus）枝条性状、花序性状、鲜草产量及种子产量进行比较分析。结果表明,行距、年份及互作对枝条高度、枝条密度、生殖枝比例、小穗数/生殖枝、小花数/生殖枝、潜在种子产量、表现种子产量与实际种子产量均有极显著影响,其中行距是主要影响因子,互作次之,年份最小;30～45 cm行距适合老芒麦鲜草生产,60 cm行距是种子生产的最佳行距;鲜草产量、种子产量第3年达高峰,30 和45 cm行距第3年鲜草产量分别为19 225.6和16 733.4 kg·hm-2,60 cm行距第3年种子产量达1 620.67 kg·hm-2,远大于其他处理组合,值得在生产中推广与应用。  相似文献   

用加边矩阵求解非齐次线性方程组的尝试     

杨可 《内蒙古林学院学报》1996,(4):65-71

笔者在文（１）中用加边矩阵求出了齐次线性方程组的基础解系，在此基础上，本文进一步考虑求解非齐次线方程组的问题。文末也给出了一种用加边矩阵求解逆矩阵的方法。  相似文献   

磷肥和行距对两种草坪草种子产量和品质的影响   总被引：17，自引：5，他引：12  

蒋文兰  潘元吉 《草业科学》1995,12(3):30-32

本试验运用二因素二次饮和Ｄ－最优设计，研究了磷肥和行距及其组合对草坪草多年生黑麦草和高羊茅种子产量和品质的影响。试验结果表明：磷肥和行距及其组合不但可以提高草坪草种子产量，而且可以改善草坪草种子品质，提高种子的发芽率、生长热和活力指数、磷肥和行距及其处理还可提高草坪草的每穗籽粒数、结实率和千粒重。  相似文献   

木材低切削量锯切中圆锯片组在线冷却系统的研制     

张楷  张占宽  李伟光  肖天际 《林业机械与木工设备》2014,(11)

在圆锯片组锯切过程中，高速旋转的锯片与工件发生摩擦会产生大量的切削热。当圆锯片温度过高时，其振动急剧增加，变形增大，严重影响加工精度和出材率，而且存在安全隐患，为此设计了木材锯切冷却介质制冷雾化在线冷却系统。介绍了该系统的结构、工作原理、主要技术参数及系统设计。  相似文献   

Improving the Productivity of Bread Wheat by Good Management Practices under Terminal Drought          下载免费PDF全文

S. Farooq  M. Shahid  M. B. Khan  M. Hussain  M. Farooq 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2015,201(3):173-188

Drought‐induced damages in crop plants are ranked at top amid all losses instigated by diverse abiotic stresses. Terminal drought (drought at reproductive phase) has emerged as a severe threat to the productivity of wheat crop. Different seed enhancement techniques, genotypes and distribution of crop plants in different spacings have been explored individually to mitigate these losses; however, their interaction has rarely been tested in improving drought resistance in wheat. This study was conducted to evaluate the potential role of different seed enhancement techniques and row spacings in mitigating the adversities of terminal drought in two wheat cultivars during two consecutive growing seasons of 2010–2011 and 2011–2012. Seeds of wheat cultivars Lasani‐2008 (medium statured) and Triple Dwarf‐1 (dwarf height) soaked in water (hydropriming) or CaCl₂ (osmopriming) were sown in 20‐, 25‐ and 30‐cm spaced rows; just before heading, the soil moisture was maintained at 100 % field capacity (well watered) or 50 % field capacity (terminal drought) till maturity. Terminal drought significantly reduced the yield and related traits compared with well‐watered crop; however, osmopriming improved the crop performance under terminal drought. Among different row spacings, wheat sown in 20‐cm spaced rows performed better during both years of study. Wheat cultivar Lasani‐2008 performed better than cultivar Triple Dwarf‐1 under both well‐watered and stress conditions. Maximum net returns and benefit–cost ratio were recorded from osmoprimed seeds of cultivar Lasani‐2008 sown in 20‐cm spaced rows under well‐watered condition. Nonetheless, osmoprimed seeds of cultivar Lasani‐2008 sown in 20‐cm spaced rows were better able to produce good yield under terminal drought.  相似文献   

Optimization of the contour ridge system for controlling nitrogen and phosphorus losses under seepage condition          下载免费PDF全文

A. N. Juan  L. I. U. QianJin  W. U. YuanZhi 《Soil Use and Management》2015,31(1):89-97

Contour ridging can enhance the occurrence of deep seepage because more rainwater concentrates in the low areas along furrows when soil is saturated. Greater seepage could significantly increase nonpoint source pollution. To optimize the contour ridge system to effectively control nutrient losses under seepage condition, 23 treatments with three variables (row grade, field slope and ridge height) in five levels were arranged in a quadratic orthogonal rotation combination design. Results showed that field slope and interactions between the three factors did not significantly influence NO₃‐N and PO₄‐P losses. The dominant factor that controlled NO₃‐N loss was ridge height, followed by row grade. The smallest NO₃‐N loss was obtained at a ridge height of 8.72 cm and a row grade of 7.05°. The dominant factor that controlled PO₄‐P loss was ridge height. The optimal ridge height for efficiently controlling PO₄‐P loss was 9.79 cm. For simultaneously maximally controlling NO₃‐N and PO₄‐P losses, a ridge height of 9.26 cm, a row grade of 7.05° and a field slope of 5° were optimum. This study provides guidance for implementing the contour ridge system.  相似文献   

杨树造林宽行窄距试验研究     

赵殿一  高山  许晓飞  周宇 《防护林科技》2003,(3):30-30,56

合理利用土地,充分发挥林地的经济效益,是林业可持续发展的一项重要举措,杨树造林采用行距大株距小的栽植格式,是增加林地经济效益一项新技术,是很有研究价值的一项重要内容。  相似文献   

水稻边际优势利用栽培增产的生态原因分析   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

王文成  张胜景  杜卫军 《中国农学通报》2005,21(2):122-125

对大小垄栽培群体和30cm等行距栽培群体不同层次的光照强度、群体行间温、湿度等生态因子及每穴穗数、每穗实粒数和单穴生产力三个产量性状和不同分蘖时期每穴茎数的边际效应指数进行了研究。结果表明,大小垄栽培群体下部的光照强度和透光率显著增加,行间温、湿度降低,使群体内部的光、温条件得到改善。每穴穗数、每穗实粒数和单穴生产力及不同分蘖时期每穴茎数的边际效应指数降低,说明实行大小垄种植后,群体内部的长势与边行的差距缩小,群体内部个体的生长优势得到发挥,达到了利用边际优势增产的目的。  相似文献   

果园移动机器人激光雷达双源信息融合实时导航方法     

刘慧  段云鹏  沈跃 《农业机械学报》2023,54(8):249-258

为提高林果园移动机器人导航系统的精确性与鲁棒性,提出一种基于激光雷达三维点云的果园行间高低频双源信息融合实时导航方法。首先,喷雾机器人搭载三维激光雷达采集两侧果树点云信息,对原始点云数据进行直通滤波、降采样和统计滤波等预处理,保留感兴趣区域内果树冠层点云;然后,将分别基于高频更新的牛顿插值算法和低频更新的非线性支持向量机(Non-linear support vector machine, NSVM)算法拟合的行间导航线进行互补融合;最后,在导航线切换时,对融合后导航线的稳定性进行优化,并使用三次B样条算法使导航线平滑。实验结果表明：融合优化后的导航线最大曲率为0.048 m^-1,平均曲率为0.018 m^-1;分别以0.5 m/s和1.0 m/s的行驶速度对融合优化后的导航线进行跟踪,绝对横向偏差最大值分别为0.104 m和0.130 m,平均值分别为0.053 m和0.049 m,说明该导航方法能够满足作业装备在果园行间自主导航作业的需求,为喷雾机器人在果园环境中的自主导航提供技术参考。  相似文献   

基于特征工程的大田作物行中心线识别方法     

张硕  刘禹  熊坤  翟志强  朱忠祥  杜岳峰 《农业机械学报》2023,54(S1):18-26

针对大田作物行特征复杂多样,传统作物行识别方法鲁棒性不足、参数调节困难等问题,该研究提出一种基于特征工程的大田作物行识别方法。以苗期棉花作物行冠层为识别对象,分析作物行冠层特点,以RGB图像和深度图像为数据来源,建立作物行冠层特征表达模型。运用特征降维方法提取作物行冠层的关键特征参数,降低运算量。基于支持向量机技术建立作物行冠层特征分割模型,提取作物行特征点。结合随机抽样一致算法和主成分分析技术建立作物行中心线检测方法。以包含不同光照、杂草、相机位姿的棉花作物行图像为测试数据,运用线性核、径向基核和多项式核的支持向量机分类器开展作物行冠层分割试验;对比分析典型Hough变换、最小二乘法和所建作物行中心线检测方法的性能。结果表明,径向基核分类器的分割精度和鲁棒性最优;所建作物行中心线检测方法的精度和速度最优,航向角偏差平均值为0.80°、标准差为0.73°;横向位置偏差平均值为0.90像素,标准差为0.76像素;中心线拟合时间平均值为55.74ms/f,标准差为4.31ms/f。研究成果可提高作物行识别模型的适应性,减少参数调节工作量,为导航系统提供准确的导航参数。  相似文献