Regional specialization of the Ganglion cell density in the retina of the Ostrich (Struthio camelus)     

Mohammad L. RAHMAN  Kengo KURODA  Masato AOYAMA  Shoei SUGITA 《Animal Science Journal》2010,81(1):108-115

In this study, retinal whole-mount specimens were prepared and stained with 0.1% cresyl violet for the ganglion cell study in the Ostrich (Struthio camelus) . The total number, distribution, and size of these cells were determined in different retinal regions. The mean total number of ganglion cells (three retinas) was 1 435 052 with an average density of 652 cells/mm². The temporo – nasal area of the retina with high cell density were identified with the peak of 7525 cells/mm² in the central area. The size of most ganglion cells ranged from 113–403 µm², with smaller cells predominating along the temporo-nasal streak above the optic disc and larger cells comprising more of the peripheral regions. The average thickness of the retina was 196 µm. The central area was the thickest area (268.6 µm), whereas the peripheral area was the thinnest area. Thus, the specialization of ganglion cell densities, their sizes and the thickness of the retina support the notion that the conduction of visual information towards the brain from all regions of the retina is not uniform, and suggests that the temporo – nasal streak is the fine quality area for vision in ostriches.  相似文献   

非洲鸵鸟延髓5个神经核的细胞构筑   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈文钦刘华珍  罗冠中彭克美 《华中农业大学学报》2005,24(2):185-188

为了探明鸵鸟中枢神经系统内神经核团的形态结构与细胞构筑,采用石蜡切片技术和HE染色法,对10羽非洲鸵鸟脑干的延髓进行了研究,并与北京鸭等家禽的相关结构进行了比较。在光镜下观察分析了分布于延髓内的迷走神经运动背核、舌下神经核、孤束核、疑核和三叉神经脊束核的形态及其细胞构筑。结果表明：(1)非洲鸵鸟延髓内神经核团的分布与北京鸭的大体相似;(2)神经核团内的神经元胞体普遍比北京鸭同名核团的细胞体大;(3)迷走神经运动背核和疑核特别发达;(4)孤束核吻侧部不发达。  相似文献   

雏鸵鸟新城疫的快速诊治报告     

武桂梅  宗慧 《吉林农业科技学院学报》2008,17(4)

根据临床症状、病理变化,采用新城疫单抗酶联免疫试剂盒对病死鸵鸟的泄殖腔及喉气管黏膜刮取样品进行快速检验,初步确诊为新城疫（ND）病毒感染。因此,对患病鸵鸟及未发病的鸵鸟分别按治疗量和预防量注射提纯的山羊抗鸡新城疫血清,配合抗生素治疗,使病鸵鸟康复,控制了疫情。通过进一步的病毒分离培养,新城疫标准阳性血清、鸡法氏袭及禽流感标准阳性血清的中和试验确诊为鸵鸟新城疫。  相似文献   

鸵鸟精子的超微结构     

尹燕博  李方正  谭金山  宋学雄  董武子  吉亚杰 《经济动物学报》2006,10(4):198-202

为了丰富鸵鸟精子的形态资料和为提高鸵鸟的人工授精技术提供参考,采用透射电镜和扫描电镜对鸵鸟精子的超微结构进行观察,并且与其它非雀形目鸟类以及哺乳动物的精子结构进行了比较。结果表明,鸵鸟精子呈细长的圆柱状,分为头部、颈段、中段、尾段、末段,其结构与美洲鸵和Tinamou精子相似。鸵鸟精子头部由顶体和精子核组成,精子核中有一条顶体刺。鸵鸟精子没有明显的颈部。中段的外周环绕着线粒体鞘。主段的中央为轴丝,轴丝外周有纤维鞘。鸵鸟精子的超微结构与美洲鸵和tinamou相似,但是与其它非雀形目的鸟类和哺乳动物的精子有很大的区别。  相似文献   

非洲鸵鸟胃出血的诊治     

李威 《野生动物》2009,30(6):317-317

非洲鸵鸟在中国饲养较普遍,对疾病抵抗力较强,但有些饲养场或动物园由于管理疏忽很容易引起非洲鸵鸟异食癖,习惯性大量捡食小石子、树棍、刀片等异物,往往造成肌胃嵌塞、胃出血等疾病。给饲养者带来经济损失。  相似文献   

雄性非洲鸵鸟主要生殖器官的解剖学研究     

位兰  彭克美  罗来强  宋卉  王岩  李升和  唐丽  杜安娜  靳二辉  王家乡 《野生动物》2006,27(6):35-37

了解非洲雄鸵鸟主要生殖器官的形态构造，对获取优质多量的精液，改进采精技术和开展鸵鸟的人工授精具有重要意义。本文采用解剖学方法，对雄性鸵鸟主要生殖器官的位置、形态和结构特点进行了系统的研究。结果表明：鸵鸟睾丸呈短棒状，两侧睾丸位置不对称，与其它家禽睾丸的特点有明显的差异；鸵鸟阴茎也很特殊，其阴茎背侧有用于射精的阴茎沟，它不同于哺乳类的尿生殖道，也不同于家禽的螺旋状的排精沟。  相似文献   

Maintenance nitrogen requirements of adult female ostriches (Struthio camelus)     

Bennett DC  Kaneko A  Karasawa Y 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2012,96(4):600-609

Successful ostrich farming requires knowledge of the nutritional needs of the birds. While much information is available on the nutritional value of various feed ingredients fed to ostriches, there is little known about their specific nutrient requirements. In this study, we measured the maintenance nitrogen requirements (MNR) of ostriches by nitrogen balance. We predict, based on the previous analysis of nitrogen requirements of various species of birds, that ostriches would have a MNR of 13.6-19.1 g N/day and a total endogenous nitrogen loss (TENL) of 2.8-5.1 g N/day. Three adult female ostriches were fed five pelleted diets containing 0.6-2.3% N [4-14.6% crude protein (CP)], 17.5 kJ/g gross energy (11.4 kJ/g ME) and 30% neutral detergent fibre. Each dietary trial consisted of a 10-day adaptation period, followed by a 5-day total excreta collection period. Body mass (109 ± 3 kg) and metabolizable energy intake (20.5 ± 0.7 MJ/day) were unaffected by dietary nitrogen levels. After correcting for excreta nitrogen losses during drying, MNR was calculated to be 481 mg N/kg(0.75) /day or 16.2 g N/day (100 g CP/day), and TENL as 310 mg N/kg(0.75) /day or 10.5 g N/day. Failure to correct for the 10.9 ± 4.1% average N losses during drying would underpredict the 'true' MNR by 35% and TENL by 46%. Our estimate for MNR of ostriches predicts a dietary requirement of 6.7% protein. Our estimate of TENL was nearly twice that predicted, possibly reflecting the high fibre content of their diet.  相似文献   

NDV对雏鸵鸟HPA轴的影响     

唐丽  位兰  彭克美 《中国兽医学报》2012,32(3):337-340

以45日龄雏鸵鸟为试验动物,分正常组和攻毒组,利用RIA技术和TUNEL技术,探讨新城疫病毒（NDV）对雏鸵鸟HPA轴的影响。结果表明,雏鸵鸟感染NDV,HPA轴内细胞凋亡数量在病毒感染期间明显高于对照组,提示NDV能诱导雏鸵鸟HPA轴系统发生细胞凋亡;在病毒接种后1d,肾上腺内可检测到大量凋亡细胞,接种5d后凋亡数量显著增加（P〈0.05）,之后凋亡呈下降趋势,肾上腺内细胞凋亡的动态变化反映了雏鸵鸟HPA轴对ND病变的适应和调节。雏鸵鸟感染NDV,血清ACTH水平于NDV接种后1d开始上升,至5d达到峰值（P〈0.01）,之后有所下降,渐趋于正常;血清Cor水平于病毒接种后1d开始下降,至7d有所回升,9d渐趋于正常水平,表明NDV接种后雏鸵鸟血清ACTH和Cor水平的变化与其HPA轴功能的损伤及恢复密切相关。  相似文献   

不同纤维水平的全混合颗粒日粮对幼龄鸵鸟生长性能的影响     

石芳萍  刘恭峰  王金利  任战军 《家畜生态》2011,(4):26-29

试验探讨不同纤维水平的全混合颗粒日粮对1～50日龄鸵鸟生产性能的影响,为幼龄鸵鸟的全混合颗粒日粮配制提供依据。试验选取1日龄健康鸵鸟160只,随机分为4个处理,每处理4个重复,每重复10只雏鸟,对照组日粮形态为精料（粗纤维为5%）＋苜蓿青草,3个试验组的日粮形态为全价混合型颗粒饲料,粗纤维水平分别为4%、5%、6%3个水平。试验结果表明,饲喂全混合型颗粒日粮的雏鸟日增重和饲料效率显著低于饲喂精料＋苜蓿青草形态日粮处理（P〈0.05）;3个不同粗纤维水平颗粒料的采食量和日增重差异不显著（P〉0.05）,其中粗纤维水平为6%的颗粒饲粮饲喂的效果相对较好。  相似文献   

鸵鸟精液品质及精液低温保存条件的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吉亚杰  尹燕博  董武子 《经济动物学报》2001,5(3):49-54

测定鸵鸟精液生理指标 ,结果表明 ,鸵鸟的射精量为 0 1 7～ 2 0 3mL ,精液 pH6 7～7 3,精子密度为 1 5 7～ 48 0亿 /mL ,原精液精子畸形率 3 0 9%～ 1 3 3% ,精子活率范围0 78～ 0 92。对鸵鸟精液用不同稀释液稀释后低温保存效果比较研究 ,初步获得在 0～ 5℃时用改进MEM液作稀释液以 1∶2比例稀释后 ,精子在设计的条件下存活时间平均约 72h ,而相应原精液或 0 85 %NaCl液作 1∶2稀释的精液在同样条件下精子仅能存活约 2 4h  相似文献