Evaluation of canine heat-shock transcription factor 4 as a candidate for primary cataracts in English Cocker Spaniels and wire-haired Kromfohrlanders     

A. Engelhardt  A. Wöhlke  & O. Distl 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2007,124(4):242-245

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MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF SUBARTICULAR BONE MARROW LESIONS IN DOGS WITH STIFLE LAMENESS     

KEVIN R. WINEGARDNER  PETER V. SCRIVANI  URSULA KROTSCHECK  RORY J. TODHUNTER 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2007,48(4):312-317

A bone bruise is a magnetic resonance (MR) imaging sign thought to signify acute traumatic microfracture of trabecular bone with hemorrhage and edema in the marrow that may occur without grossly visible disruption of the adjacent cortices or overlying cartilage. In approximately 75% of people with acute anterior-cruciate ligament tears, bone bruises are detected in characteristic locations within the femur and tibia and are best seen as high-signal lesions using fat-suppression sequences. We questioned whether this is a component of naturally acquired stifle lameness in dogs and obtained short-tau inversion recovery (STIR) images of six dogs with stifle lameness. High-signal STIR lesions were detected in five of six (83%) dogs and eight of 12 (67%) limbs. We observed these lesions deep to the intercondylar fossa of the femur and intercondylar eminence of the tibia, which are atypical locations in people. High-signal STIR lesions were detected in dogs with only synovitis, partial tear of the cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) and complete tear of the CCL. One of these lesions was seen in the lateral tibial condyle, a typical location in humans with acute anterior cruciate ligament tear. As the MR imaging appearance of stress fractures and bone bruises are similar, and the high-signal STIR lesions are at attachment sites of the CCL, this finding may be due to stress disease or other unknown causes, rather than bone bruising. High-signal STIR lesions may be a common sign in naturally acquired canine stifle disease, but the pathogenesis, prognostic and diagnostic values need further investigation.  相似文献   

IMAGING DIAGNOSIS—HYPEROSTOSIS ASSOCIATED WITH MENINGIOMA IN A DOG     

MIYU MERCIER  HEIDI L. BARNES HELLER  MATTHEW G. BISCHOFF  JAYME LOOPER  CYNTHIA X. BACMEISTER 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2007,48(5):421-423

A 5-year-old neutered male Beagle mix dog had a 5-day history of generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Before the seizures, the dog had a 1-2-month history of progressive right hemiparesis. In computed tomography images, a presumed extraaxial mass with hyperostosis and destruction of the skull covering the mass were identified. Surgical excision was performed and the histopathologic diagnosis was meningioma. Hyperostosis is frequently associated with feline meningioma, but this report documents that hyperostosis may also occur secondary to meningioma in the dog.  相似文献   

CONTRAST HARMONIC IMAGING OF THE NORMAL CANINE SPLEEN     

STEFANIE OHLERTH  EVA RÜEFLI  VALERIE POIRIER  MALGORZATA ROOS  BARBARA KASER-HOTZ 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2007,48(5):451-456

The purpose of this study was to assess the perfusion pattern and perfusion dynamics in the normal canine spleen using contrast harmonic imaging. Twenty-five dogs without clinical or ultrasonographic evidence of splenic disease were studied. Twenty-three dogs were scanned with only manual restraint; two dogs were sedated with buprenorphin. All dogs received an intravenous bolus of a microbubble contrast medium (SonoVue). The perfusion pattern during the blood pool phase represented a skewed bell-shaped curve. A tissue-specific late phase, similar to humans, was not observed. Time/intensity curves were generated for a selected region. Mean average-derived peak intensity (PI) was 6.6dB, mean time to peak intensity calculated from the initial rise (TTP) was 25.6 s and mean area under the curve (AUC) was 523.6 dBs. If dogs were divided into two body weight groups (< or =15 and >15 kg body weight), average derived peak intensity area, time to peak intensity, and area under the curve were lower for the smaller dogs than for the larger animals. However, differences were not statistically significant (P = 0.2, 0.05, and 0.08, respectively). No significant association was found between hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, red blood cell count, blood pressure, heart rate, age, gender, and the perfusion variables. In conclusion, these baseline data may prove useful in the evaluation of dogs with diffuse or focal splenic disease.  相似文献   

Efficacy of injectable maropitant (Cerenia™) in a randomized clinical trial for prevention and treatment of cisplatin-induced emesis in dogs presented as veterinary patients     

D. M. Vail  H. S. Rodabaugh  G. A. Conder  J. F. Boucher  S. Mathur 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2007,5(1):38-46

Chemotherapy‐induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is a common side‐effect of cisplatin therapy. Maropitant (Cerenia?), a novel neurokinin‐1 receptor antagonist, was evaluated for prevention and treatment of cisplatin‐induced emesis in tumour‐bearing dogs. Dogs (n= 122) were randomly allocated to three treatment groups: T01, placebo before and after cisplatin; T02, placebo before and maropitant after cisplatin; or T03, maropitant before and placebo after cisplatin. Maropitant treatment (T02) following a cisplatin‐induced‐emetic event resulted in significantly fewer subsequent emetic events (P= 0.0005) than in placebo‐treated dogs (T01). In placebo‐treated (T01) dogs, 56.4% were withdrawn from the study because of treatment failure compared with 5.3% in group T02. When maropitant was administered prior to cisplatin treatment (T03) in a prevention regime, 94.9% did not vomit compared with only 4.9% of placebo‐treated dogs, and significantly fewer emetic events (P < 0.0001) were observed in those dogs that did vomit. In summary, maropitant was safe and highly effective in reducing or completely preventing cisplatin‐induced emesis.  相似文献   

A novel small molecule Met inhibitor, PF2362376, exhibits biological activity against osteosarcoma     

A. T. Liao  J. McCleese  S. Kamerling  J. Christensen  C. A. London 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2007,5(3):177-196

The receptor tyrosine kinase Met is dysregulated in several human cancers including osteosarcoma (OSA) in which overexpression is a negative prognostic indicator and enforced Met expression in normal osteoblasts leads to genomic instability and malignant transformation. Met is also known to be inappropriately expressed in canine OSA tumour samples and cell lines. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential utility of an orally bioavailable small molecule Met inhibitor, PF2362376, against canine OSA cell lines as a prelude to future clinical work. PF2362376 inhibited phosphorylation of Met, Gab‐1, Erk and Akt, but not of Src or STAT3. Furthermore, PF2362376 inhibited proliferation of canine OSA cell lines and induced cell death at biologically achievable concentrations. Last, activities associated with Met signalling including migration, invasion, branching morphogenesis and colony formation in soft agar were blocked by PF2362376. These studies support the notion that Met is a relevant target for therapeutic intervention in OSA.  相似文献   

北京地区犬猫被毛真菌菌群的调查     

丁明星  林德贵 《畜牧兽医学报》2006,37(5):504-509

为了解北京地区犬猫被毛携带真菌的情况,采集动物体表7个点上的被毛,接种于沙氏或DTM培养基26℃培养2周,对菌落进行宏观和微观鉴定.结果表明,北京地区健康犬的皮肤丝状菌带菌率较低（2.78%,1/36）,而猫带菌率较高（9.4%,3/32）;在42只健康犬体表的腐生菌分布以耳内最高,右腕、外眼角次之,耳外、背、尾、腹部依次降低.体表腐生菌以青霉（30.69%）、琏格孢霉（12.64%）、曲霉（6.14%）、毛霉（5.42%）、枝孢霉（4.69%）为主,酵母菌以念珠菌（20.94%）为主,还有26株真菌（9.39%）未能鉴定出来.此外,还分离出67株细菌.试验中还分离到其它一些重要致病性真菌,如马拉色菌、毛孢子菌（毛结节菌）和粗球孢菌、付球孢子菌、皮炎芽生菌、帚霉等;提示北京地区犬、猫的皮肤存在着被这些真菌感染的可能.  相似文献   

犬硬膜外阻滞对腹部手术应激的初步研究     

付小伟  侯加法  刘德义 《畜牧与兽医》2006,38(3):14-17

8例犬间隔1个月分别施行2次腹部手术,第1次采用硬膜外阻滞(试验组,n=8),第2次采用硫喷妥钠静脉麻醉(对照组,n=8)。分别于麻醉前(T0)、麻醉后(T1)、切开腹壁时(T2)、手术30min(T3)、手术完毕时(T4)、手术后24h(T5)、手术后48h(T6)7个时间静脉采血,采用放射免疫法测定血浆皮质醇、白细胞介素-2浓度,采用比色法测定血糖浓度。结果:(1)对照组血浆皮质醇浓度平均值显著高于试验组(P<0·05),尤其在T3、T4时显著高于试验组(P<0·05)。对照组在T3、T4时血浆皮质醇浓度显著高于T0(P<0·05),而试验组各时间与T0比较均无显著差异(P>0·05);(2)对照组血浆白细胞介素-2浓度平均值极显著低于试验组(P<0·01),尤其在T1、T2、T5和T6时显著低于试验组。对照组在T5时、试验组在T3、T4时其血浆白细胞介素-2浓度均显著低于T0;(3)对照组血糖浓度平均值显著高于试验组,尤其在T4时显著高于试验组。对照组在T3、T4、T5和T6时、试验组则在T4时其血糖浓度均显著高于T0。结论:硬膜外阻滞组与硫喷妥钠静脉麻醉比较,硬膜外阻滞能够更有效缓解犬腹部手术的应激反应。  相似文献   

孕激素诱导的生长激素与犬的乳腺肿瘤   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

于建玲  黄群山 《动物医学进展》2002,23(4):39-40,45

乳腺肿瘤是犬的最常见的肿瘤，约占母犬肿瘤总数的一半；乳腺肿瘤约有一半是恶性肿瘤，发生转移的比率很高。犬乳腺肿瘤的发病原因还不很明确，它的形成都受哪些因子调节还未完全确定。孕激素能够诱导乳腺组织生成并蓄积生长激素，使乳腺增生，最终导致犬乳腺肿瘤的形成。在此过程中，雌激素受体、孕激素受体、生长激素结合蛋白和生长激素受体在乳腺癌的形成、发展中起关键作用。从内分泌的角度对犬乳腺肿瘤发病机理作了简单综述，以期为激素治疗乳腺肿瘤提供一些理论依据。  相似文献   

T-2毒素的生物鉴定、提取及对动物的毒性     

赵君  袁鸿锦  邓旭明  杨进生 《中国兽医学报》1991,(2)

用家兔皮肤毒性试验测得三线镰刀菌污染玉米中T—2毒素的含量约为1.8g/kg试验灵敏度为0.08μg.此霉玉米经提取纯化后得白色针状结晶,根据毒素结晶的熔点、C、H元素含量、红外光谱、质谱碎片峰及1H核磁共振谱确证为T-2毒素,纯度为95.84%.毒素对锦鲤鱼苗72、96、120的LD_(50)分别为0.0847±0.0034ppm,0.0760±0.0053ppm,0.0705±0.0036ppm.每天连续口服毒素0.5～1mg/kg体重,可引起犬的出血性综合征,表现为呕吐、便血,尸检见肠道出血坏死,且充满大量的血液;组织学检查表明,肠粘膜广泛的出血坏死,牌小体萎缩和数量减少,骨髓造血细胞消失.将毒素给小鼠连续灌胃(2mg/kg体重),可引起骨髓核细胞数下降,但停毒后,逐渐恢复到正常水平.  相似文献