施磷对灌耕风沙土磷含量及形态的影响     

王雪艳  王宇莹  龚会蝶 《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2022,50(11):145-154

【目的】探究不同磷肥品种及施用方式对灌耕风沙土磷素形态及有效性的影响,为不同磷肥在土壤中的合理施用提供理论依据。【方法】利用灌耕风沙土进行为期120 d的室内土壤培养试验,试验共设6个处理,分别为不施磷肥对照(CK)、重过磷酸钙基施(TSP)、磷酸一铵基施(MAP-B)、聚磷酸铵基施(APP-B)、磷酸一铵滴施(MAP-D)和聚磷酸铵滴施(APP-D),分别测定不同处理土壤有效磷和各形态无机磷的含量,并分析120 d时土壤有效磷与各形态无机磷含量的相关性。【结果】在0~5 cm土层,磷肥滴施处理（MAP-D、APP-D）的土壤有效磷含量显著高于其他处理;而在5~10和10~20 cm土层,磷肥基施处理（TSP、MAP-B和APP-B）的土壤有效磷含量显著高于其他处理(P<0.05)。与CK和APP-D处理相比,TSP、MAP-B和APP-B处理均显著增加了0~20 cm土层有效磷含量,但这3种磷肥处理间无显著差异。与CK相比,施磷处理均能不同程度地增加各土层土壤无机磷总量。0~5 cm土层MAP-D和APP-D处理无机磷总量显著高于5~10和10~20 cm土层,而TSP、MAP-B和APP-B处理对0~20 cm土层土壤的无机磷总量无显著影响。磷肥滴施处理下,Ca₂-P、Ca₈-P和Al-P的比例随土层深度的增加而降低,而磷肥基施处理能显著提高耕层土壤中Ca₈-P和Al-P的比例。在0~5 cm土层,土壤有效磷含量与Ca₂-P、Ca₈-P、Al-P和Ca₁₀-P含量之间呈显著的正相关关系(P<0.05);在5~10和10~20 cm土层,土壤有效磷含量与Ca₂-P、Al-P和Fe-P含量之间呈显著的正相关关系(P<0.05)。【结论】在本试验土壤条件下,磷肥滴施处理后仅能显著提高0~5 cm土层土壤有效磷含量,而磷肥基施处理可以提高整个耕层（0~20 cm）土壤中的有效磷含量,建议滴灌棉田通过基施价格相对较低的重过磷酸钙,可以人为扩展磷肥在土壤中的分布深度。  相似文献   

施用磷肥对杉木幼林土壤养分和磷组分的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

陈竣  巫流民  纪建书  李贻铨  陈道东  张瑛 《林业科学研究》1998,11(4):451-454

杉木［Ｃｕｎｎｉｎｇｈａｍｉａｌａｎｃｅｏｌａｔａ（Ｌａｍｂ．）Ｈｏｏｋ．］人工林土壤立地大多供Ｐ不足,杉木幼林施用磷肥肥效显著。李贻铨等认为施Ｐ、Ｋ肥能促进杉木幼林生长［１,２］;叶仲节认为幼林施Ｐ肥初期有效,施Ｎ无效,施Ｋ还会出现负效应［３］。作...  相似文献   

The effect of tractor logging on forest soil compaction and growth ofShorea selanica seedlings in Indonesia     

Juang R. Matangaran  Hiroshi Kobayashi 《Journal of Forest Research》1999,4(1):13-15

The hardness in soil was investigated in four forest areas in Indonesia after a crawler tractor passed over it several times. The hardness in soil, expressed by bulk density, was measured at various depth and various distances from the main track. Recovery of soil hardness was also examined. The bulk density increased markedly by the first and second pass of the tractor, but did not change after the fifth pass. The bulk density was highest just under the main and the log track, and decreased with an increase in distance from the track (0.5 to 1.5 m). The greatest increase in bulk density was observed at the depth of 0–5 cm. The soil hardness tended to show recovery within 9 years after logging, though not completely. Growth and root penetration of seedlingsShorea selanica decreased with the increase of soil hardness. We considered that the 2 tractor passes that caused bulk density of 1.3 g/cm³ is critical for the growth ofS. selanica’s seedling.  相似文献   

易县旺隆建立生态农业结构短期经济效益的评价     

栾景仁  贾绍禹 《河北林果研究》1989,4(3):52-57

根据低山丘陵区的特点,因地制宜地实行农、林、果、牧等生物措施与工程措施相结合,充分发挥当地的资源优势,建立良性的生态农业结构,取得短期的经济效益,是开发低山丘陵区的有效途径。  相似文献   

滇东南岩溶地区植被结构优化造林模式研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

陈强  常恩福  毕波  李品荣  尹艾萍  刘永国  侬时增 《福建林业科技》2006,33(4):24-30

在岩溶地区采用墨西哥柏、川滇桤木、清香木、紫花苜蓿等16个树(草)种进行的12种配置模式试验表明:合理的乔灌草配置,有利于长短结合科学经营,前期牧草生长迅速,能很快覆盖地表,减少水土流失,并为牲畜提供大量的饲料,林木长大郁闭度增加后,牧草生长衰退,逐渐转向以经营林木为主。通过综合分析筛选出了适应性强、造林成活率高、生长旺盛、种间共生性良好的优化造林模式8种。  相似文献   

杨树解磷细菌蜡状芽孢杆菌和荧光假单胞菌发酵罐扩繁条件优化     

姚如斌  吴小芹 《林业科技开发》2012,26(1):79-82

对杨树高效解磷细菌蜡状芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus)JYZ-SD1和荧光假单胞菌(Pseudomonas fluorescens)JW-JS1在3L发酵罐里发酵条件进行优化。结果显示这两株解磷细菌在72h内都是接种量20%、转速400 r/min、通气量100ln/h条件下菌体生长量最大。为将这两株杨树根际解磷细菌更高效、更大量的扩繁提供参考依据。  相似文献   

萍乡采矿废弃区退化森林的恢复与重建技术     

刘卫宁  王良根  徐京萍 《绿色科技》2013,(10):16-18

借鉴国内外采矿废弃区退化森林的恢复重建经验,阐述了萍乡采矿废弃区退化森林的恢复、重建技术,并总结提出了萍乡采矿废弃区退化森林的恢复、重建的措施。  相似文献   

Resettling,disconnecting or displacing? Attending to local sociality,culture and history in disaster settings     

Minna Hsu  Tetsuya Okada  Suguru Mori  Richard Howitt 《Asia Pacific viewpoint》2019,60(2):163-174

In many disaster settings, top‐down responses emphasise ‘expert‐led’ solutions that often involve relocating disaster‐affected communities. While the intention might be to move people from harm's way and facilitate recovery, failure to attend to local pre‐disaster circumstances as well as the interplay between power, resilience and vulnerability within and around affected communities often sees resettlement reconfigure as displacement or disconnection. This oversight may even usher in a new phase of dispossession and disadvantage for marginalised groups (particularly in colonial settings). This paper explores experiences in Australia, Japan and Taiwan to reflect on what issues of local sociality, local culture and local resilience need to be attended to in framing ‘better’ disaster responses.  相似文献   

枸杞玻璃化组培苗恢复技术     

刘静  施明  乔改霞 《北方园艺》2019,(3):138-143

以枸杞不同程度玻璃化组培苗为试材,采用组织培养法,研究了不同基本培养基、外源添加物、添加聚丙烯酰胺、改变培养条件及玻璃化苗脱水处理在玻璃化组培苗恢复中的作用,探索出最佳的枸杞玻璃化组培苗恢复方法。结果表明:1/2MS+6-BA 0.5mg·L^-1+活性炭0.5g·L^-1为枸杞轻度玻璃化苗恢复最佳培养基,适宜枸杞中度玻璃化苗恢复培养基为1/4MS+6-BA 0.5mg·L^-1+活性炭1.0g·L^-1。当添加聚丙烯酰胺8、16g·L^-1,枸杞轻度、中度玻璃化苗恢复率均达到最高,聚丙烯酰胺对枸杞玻璃化的组培苗有明显的逆转效果,逆转后的组培苗生长良好。经过脱水处理后,玻璃化苗明显得到恢复。脱水2d轻度玻璃化苗的恢复率可达77.61%。随着脱水的天数增加,枸杞中度玻璃化苗恢复率逐渐提高,当脱水天数达3d时,恢复率最高达71.24%。培养期间增强封口膜的透气性和光照强度能有效提高枸杞玻璃化苗恢复率。  相似文献   

Population recovery of a common vole population (Microtus arvalis) after population collapse     

Susanne Hein  Jens Jacob 《Pest management science》2019,75(4):908-914

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