生物发酵床条件下育肥猪疾病控制效果观察     

田华  李顺荣  冯强 《中国动物保健》2010,12(12):15-17,21

通过建立生物发酵床,利用垫料中有益菌群的占位、生物热消毒、杀菌抑菌原理,配套疾病综合控制措施,对比观察了育肥猪的疾病发生情况。结果表明:发酵床条件下育肥猪的发病率降低了10.07%;因病死亡率降低1.65%;头均防治费降低5.60元,降低了52.8%;场内原有的猪瘟、猪丹毒、猪肺疫、仔猪副伤寒、传染性鼻炎、关节炎的发病得到了有效控制;胃肠炎、蛔虫、疥癣及感冒等的发病率也出现大幅度下降趋势,分别降低8.5%、12.1%、10.6%和3.8%,;生物发酵床改善了猪舍环境,增强了猪的体况,提高了免疫效果,保障了猪群的健康。  相似文献   

发酵秸秆饲喂生长育肥猪的效果     

刘定发  杨冬辉  朱伟峰 《天津农业科学》2010,16(5):55-57

通过对发酵玉米、发酵高粱秸和发酵麦秸3种秸秆进行发酵处理,添加于饲料中确定其对生长育肥猪的效果。选用48头健康生长状况相似的杜花F1杂种猪,将其随机分为4组,每组12头。第1组作为对照组,饲喂基础日粮;第2、3、4组作为试验组,分别饲喂添加了发酵玉米秸、发酵高粱秸和发酵麦秸的饲料。根据生长育肥猪的采食量、饮水、日常活动、粪便及日增重的效果探讨发酵秸秆的饲喂效果。结果表明,发酵玉米秸喂猪较好,其增重速度与对照组无明显差异。而发酵高粱秸和发酵麦秸效果较差,日增重分别比对照组低11.32%(P0.05)和12.28%(P0.05),每1kg增重耗料分别高于对照组12.20%和13.24%。  相似文献   

藏猪生长激素（pGH）基因多态性研究     

张浩  强巴央宗  张明明  彭俊飞  杨涛  达娃卓玛  吴常信 《西北农业学报》2010,19(2):15-19

猪生长激素（pGH）是猪生长发育性状重要的候选基因之一。采用PCR RFLP技术检测藏猪pGH基因+159～+734 bp片段的Dra I、Apa I和Msp I酶切多态性。结果显示,藏猪群体中Dra I酶切全部切开,无多态;Apa I酶切具有4个等位基因,出现5种基因型,其中CC基因型（299A/432C）频率最高,为0.7857;藏猪群体Msp I酶切出现3种基因型,杂合性CT基因型频率最高,为0.5089,等位基因C和T频率分别为0.5580和0.4420。经比较,藏猪pGH基因Dra I酶切位点与其他猪种一样无多态性,而Apa I酶切出现了特异的432突变位点,Msp I酶切等位基因分布相对均衡,表现出与其他猪种的差异。  相似文献   

Early metaphase II oocytes treated with dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate provide suitable recipient cytoplasm for the production of miniature pig somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos     

Satoshi SUGIMURA  Ken-ichi YAMANAKA  Manabu KAWAHARA  Takuya WAKAI  Masaki YOKOO  Eimei SATO 《Animal Science Journal》2010,81(1):48-57

We investigated the effects of in vitro maturation duration and treatment with dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate (dbcAMP) on the blind enucleation efficiency and developmental competence of miniature pig somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos. Oocytes were cultured for 22 h in NCSU-23 medium with or without 1 mM dbcAMP and then additionally cultured in dbcAMP-free NCSU-23 for 14, 18, or 22 h. Regardless of dbcAMP treatment, the rate of nuclear maturation reached a plateau at 36 and 40 h. However, mitochondrial distribution, a marker for cytoplasmic maturation, differed between the dbcAMP-untreated oocytes at 36 h and dbcAMP-treated oocytes at 40 h. The metaphase II chromosomes were adjacent to the first polar body in 68.8% and 63.5% of the dbcAMP-untreated oocytes at 36 h and dbcAMP-treated oocytes at 40 h, respectively. Furthermore, the blind enucleation efficiency by removing a small volume of cytoplasm was significantly higher in the dbcAMP-untreated oocytes at 36 h (82.9%) and dbcAMP-treated oocytes at 40 h (89.9%) than other groups. The rate of blastocyst formation was highest in the dbcAMP-treated oocytes at 40 h. Hence, this study demonstrated that dbcAMP-treated early metaphase II oocytes are suitable for the production of miniature pig SCNT embryos.  相似文献   

Phosphorylation of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor 1 during in vitro maturation of porcine oocytes     

Junya ITO  Tomoko YOSHIDA  Yasushi KASAI  Takuya WAKAI  Jan B. PARYS  Rafael A. FISSORE  Naomi KASHIWAZAKI 《Animal Science Journal》2010,81(1):34-41

During fertilization in mammalian species, a sperm-induced intracellular Ca²⁺ signal ([Ca²⁺]_i) mediates both exit of meiosis and oocyte activation. Recently, we demonstrated in mouse oocytes that the phosphorylation levels of inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate receptor type1 (IP₃R1), the channel responsible for Ca²⁺ release and oscillations during fertilization, changed during maturation and fertilization. Therefore, we examined the expression and phosphorylation of IP₃R1 during in vitro maturation of pig oocytes. Here, our present study shows that expression of IP₃R1 protein did not change during maturation, although the phosphorylation status of the receptor, specifically at an MPM-2 epitope, did. We found that while at the beginning of maturation IP₃R1 lacked MPM-2 immunoreactivity, it became MPM-2 reactive by 24 h and reached maximal reactivity by 36 h. Interestingly, the acquisition of MPM-2 reactivity coincided with the activation of p34^cdc2 kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), which are involved in meiotic progression. Following completion of maturation, inactivation of MAPK by U0126 did not affect IP₃R1 phosphorylation, although inactivation of p34^cdc2 kinase by roscovitine dramatically reduced IP₃R1 phosphorylation. Neither inhibitor affected total expression of IP₃R1. Altogether, our results show that IP₃R1 undergoes dynamic phosphorylation during maturation and this might underlie the generation of oscillations at fertilization.  相似文献   

肌纤维类型及其对猪肉品质影响的研究进展^*     

任列娇  赵素梅  胡洪  郭雷  高士争 《云南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2010,25(1):124-132

 根据肌球蛋白重链的多态性可将猪的肌纤维分为Ⅰ,2a,2b和2x 4种类型,在代谢上分别与慢速氧化型、快速氧化型、快速酵解型和中间类型相对应。从肌纤维的构成、分类及转化等方面介绍肌纤维类型的代谢特点,重点阐述肌纤维类型对猪肉品质的影响,以及影响肌纤维类型的因素。  相似文献   

吡啶羧酸铬和天冬氨酸镁对猪肉品质的影响     

徐大节  赵凤荣  马爱平  张敏红 《中国畜牧兽医》2010,37(6):217-220

选择48头体重接近(86.0±5.1)kg的杜长大肥育阉公猪,研究天冬氨酸镁和吡啶羧酸铬对猪宰前应激肉品质的影响。试验猪分为4组,Ⅰ组为对照组,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组为试验组,每组3个重复,每个重复4头,采食玉米-豆粕型日粮(DE,13.18MJ/kg;CP,14.6%)。Ⅰ组饲喂基础日粮;Ⅱ组饲喂基础日粮+1.0%天冬氨酸镁(MgAsp);Ⅲ组饲喂基础日粮+0.3mg/kg吡啶羧酸铬(Crpi);Ⅳ组饲喂基础日粮+1.0%MgAsp+0.3mg/kgCrpi。每头猪每日饲喂2.8kg上述试验日粮,7d后运到屠宰场。结果表明,日粮中补充吡啶羧酸铬、天冬氨酸镁、吡啶羧酸铬+天冬氨酸镁均降低了血清中皮质醇含量,减缓了屠宰前的应激反应;给宰前的育肥猪补充吡啶羧酸铬、吡啶羧酸铬+天冬氨酸镁均可降低宰后糖原分解(P0.05),补充天冬氨酸镁也有降低宰后糖原分解的趋势。补充吡啶羧酸铬、天冬氨酸镁及吡啶羧酸铬+天冬氨酸镁均可显著降低宰后短时间内猪背最长肌和股二头肌乳酸含量(P0.05);日粮中补充吡啶羧酸铬、天冬氨酸镁及吡啶羧酸铬+天冬氨酸镁均可极显著(P0.01)降低背最长肌和股二头肌pH和滴水损失,分别降低PSE肉发生率75.1%、49.8%和75.1%(P0.05),而对系水力无显著影响(P0.05));复合添加吡啶羧酸铬、天冬氨酸镁组猪的滴水损失、背最长肌和股二头肌色值都显著低于单独添加吡啶羧酸铬、天冬氨酸镁组,这说明吡啶羧酸铬、天冬氨酸镁在改善肉质指标方面具有一定的加性效应,二者同时添加效果最好。  相似文献   

猪表皮生长因子基因的遗传变异及其与产仔性状的相关性分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周利华  肖石军  杨广成  陈从英  丁能水  高军 《中国畜牧兽医》2010,37(5):147-150

本研究通过建立两次PCR扩增分型法,分析猪表皮生长因子(epidermal growth factor,EGF)基因第3内含子上的875bp插入片段在13个中外不同繁殖性能的猪种中的遗传变异,以及EGF基因在白色杜洛克×二花脸资源家系180头F2母猪中与繁殖性状的相关性。结果表明,不同类型中国地方猪种与西方商业猪种在EGF基因位点上存在偏态分布。在资源家系中该位点对总产仔数、产活仔数和断奶活仔数无显著影响(P0.05);尽管BB基因型的产活仔数和断奶活仔数分别比AA型多1.74和0.46头,但BB型的个体太少,各基因型间的均值差异不显著(P0.05);虽然产活仔数的a值和d值分别达到0.87和1.24头,但该基因位点的加性效应和显性效应并不明显。因此,需要利用更多的SNP位点和更多样本进一步了解EGF基因与繁殖性状的关联性。  相似文献   

圩猪OB基因SNPs检测及其与产仔性能的关系   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

严燕  张陈华  王阳  丁月云  殷宗俊 《中国农业大学学报》2010,15(6):78-83

为探讨圩猪OB基因的单链核苷酸多态性及其与产仔性状之间的关系,本试验采用PCR-SSCP方法检测了70头圩猪OB基因第2、3外显子的遗传多态性.结果表明:1)圩猪群体OB基因外显子2上没有检测到突变,而外显子3所扩增的片段中存在3个突变位点(C3619G、G3620C和G3714T);2)在G3714T突变位点上检测出AA、AB和BB 3种基因型,其频率分别为0.7000、0.2286和0.0714;群体中A的基因频率为0.8143,B的基因频率为0.1857;3)x2检验表明,本研究群体OB基因外显子3的多态位点处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态;4)最小二乘分析表明,G3714T位点3种基因型在初产总产仔数、初产产活仔数及经产总产仔数、经产产活仔数性状上差异不显著(P>0.05),但呈现出BB>AB>AA的趋势.  相似文献   

免疫组织化学法定位猪脾脏中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇的研究     

卢培成  贺利民  牛更智  剡海阔  马勇江  范小龙  李玉谷  邓衔柏 《现代农业科技》2010,(18):292-293,296

利用免疫组织化学法研究了脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(deoxynivalenol,DON)在猪脾脏分布定位,为DON体内残留及DON对免疫系统影响进一步研究提供依据。选用10头健康阉公猪,随机分为二组,一组经乳静脉注射DON标准品,注射剂量为75μg/kg体重,另一组经乳静脉注射相当体积生理盐水。注射完成后开始计时,并观察记录猪的反应情况,待30min后放血宰杀,并迅速取脾脏,4%多聚甲醛固定,经脱水、包埋及切片后,采用免疫组化法定位脾脏中DON的分布情况。免疫组化法定位结果显示,在75μg/kg体重给药组中,脾组织中的血管壁周围见有DON阳性反应颗粒,而对照组未见阳性反应颗粒。  相似文献