库尔勒香梨采后品质劣变及调控技术的研究进展     

赵晓梅  叶凯  关军锋  李疆  张谦 《中国园艺文摘》2010,26(12):187-189

在介绍香梨生产现状的基础上,对影响香梨贮藏效果的因素、贮藏保鲜技术、贮期主要病害及防治方法进行归纳,并对今后香梨贮藏保鲜技术的发展方向进行展望。  相似文献   

鲜食糯玉米采后糖代谢变化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

龚魁杰朱立贵  陈利容赵全胜 孙 军 《中国农学通报》2010,26(16):72-75

【研究目的】了解鲜食糯玉米采后的糖代谢变化以及温度变化对糖代谢的影响。【方法】测定鲜食糯玉米采后的蔗糖、还原糖、直链淀粉、支链淀粉的含量变化。【结果】鲜食糯玉米采后的蔗糖、还原糖含量都有较大下降;采后第1d直链淀粉、支链淀粉和总淀粉的含量都达到峰值,之后直链淀粉变化不大,支链淀粉的含量略有下降,总淀粉含量呈增加趋势;与20℃贮藏温度对比,贮藏温度为0℃时蔗糖、还原糖含量、直链淀粉含量高,支链淀粉、总淀粉含量低。【结论】鲜食糯玉米采后可溶性糖向淀粉转化的合成代谢仍然占据主导地位,贮藏温度为0℃时能够延缓可溶性糖向淀粉,以及直链淀粉向支链淀粉的转化。  相似文献   

柑橙橘柚类水果采后处理和贮藏风险控制(下)     

杨少桧 《保鲜与加工》2010,10(4):1-4

根据柑橙橘柚类水果的生物学特性,论述了专业贮藏该类水果的冷库在温度、湿度和通风调控、杀菌等方面的特殊要求,指出了果实采前病害防治的重要性、适宜采收成熟度的判定方法以及果品采后常用保鲜杀菌药剂的使用方法,提出贮藏冷库管理、果品品质预测分析和及时处理要点,以最大限度地防范与降低该类果品的贮藏风险。  相似文献   

Identification of Neofabraea species causing bull's eye rot of apple in Poland and their direct detection in apple fruit using multiplex PCR          下载免费PDF全文

M. Michalecka  H. Bryk  A. Poniatowska  J. Puławska 《Plant pathology》2016,65(4):643-654

Based on partial sequence analysis of the β‐tubulin gene, 19 isolates of fungi causing bull's eye rot on apple in Poland were classified into species: Neofabraea alba, N. perennans and N. kienholzii. To the authors’ knowledge, the detection of N. kienholzii is the second in Europe and the first in Poland. Species affiliation of these fungi was confirmed by a new species‐specific multiplex PCR assay developed on the basis of previously published methods. The new protocol allowed for the specific identification of bull's eye rot‐causing species, both from pure cultures and directly from the skin of diseased or apparently healthy apples. In 550 samples of diseased fruits collected from nine cold storage rooms located in three regions of Poland, in 2011 and 2012, N. alba was detected as the predominant species causing bull's eye rot, occurring on average in 94% of the tested samples. Neofabraea perennans was found in a minority of apple samples, N. kienholzii was found only in two apple samples, while N. malicorticis was not detected in any sample tested. In tests on 120 apparently healthy fruits, only N. perennans was detected in a single sample. The results of genetic diversity analyses of bull's eye rot‐causing fungi based on the β‐tubulin gene sequence and an ISSR (inter‐simple sequence repeat) PCR assay with two primers were consistent, showing the expected segregation of tested isolates with respect to their species boundaries. However, the genetic distance between N. perennans and N. malicorticis was very low, as reported previously.  相似文献   

Direct penetration of Rhizopus stolonifer into stone fruits causing rhizopus rot          下载免费PDF全文

J. S. Baggio  F. P. Gonçalves  S. A. Lourenço  F. A. O. Tanaka  S. F. Pascholati  L. Amorim 《Plant pathology》2016,65(4):633-642

Rhizopus rot, caused by Rhizopus stolonifer, is a major postharvest disease of stone fruits. The disease is related to the occurrence of mechanical and physical damage; however, observations at a Brazilian wholesale market suggest that direct penetration can occur. Therefore, the penetration mechanisms of R. stolonifer in stone fruits were evaluated. To identify the production of enzymes that help with direct penetration by the pathogen, esterase activity, both in mycelial discs and in spore suspensions of the fungus in water and in modified Van Etten nutrient solution, was measured. Assays were also conducted to evaluate the growth of R. stolonifer on glucose or cutin as a sole carbon source. The pathogen grew on both media, and higher esterase activity was observed in the cutin medium. Wounded and unwounded peaches and nectarines were inoculated with R. stolonifer spore suspensions in water or in modified Van Etten nutrient solution. Wounded fruit inoculated with either of the R. stolonifer spore suspensions developed rhizopus rot, whereas unwounded fruit developed the rot only in the presence of spores in the modified Van Etten nutrient solution. Scanning electron and light microscopic examination showed the fungus can directly penetrate the nectarine cuticle. Diisopropyl fluorophosphate, a serine hydrolase inhibitor, prevented rot development in peaches. The results provide valuable evidence for the ability of R. stolonifer to directly penetrate unwounded stone fruits, probably due to the production of esterase enzymes.  相似文献   

贮藏温度和成熟度对新疆早黄无花果采后生理的影响     

廖亮  李瑾瑜  马红艳  魏非非  李学文 《核农学报》2016,(2):282-287

为探明温度及成熟度对无花果贮藏期生理指标的影响,以新疆早黄无花果为试材,研究在常温和低温条件下,2种成熟度无花果的呼吸速率、乙烯释放、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化。结果表明,贮藏温度对无花果果实采后生理指标的影响有显著差异,低温可显著延长果实贮藏寿命和货架期,缓解有害代谢物MDA的累积,降低防御酶系的活性。不同成熟度的果实采后,过氧化酶活性及MDA含量无显著差异,但低成熟度果实呼吸及乙烯高峰出现时间与高成熟度果实相比推迟4~10h。因此,适当低温及低成熟度有利于新疆早黄无花果的采后保鲜贮藏。本研究为无花果的保藏运销提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

不同包装方法对蓝莓采后贮藏品质和抗氧化活性的影响   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

陈杭君  王翠红  郜海燕  毛金林  周拥军 《中国农业科学》2013,46(6):1230-1236

【目的】研究低温条件下,不同包装方法对蓝莓果实采后贮藏品质和抗氧化活性的影响,探索适宜的贮藏包装方式,为蓝莓保鲜技术的发展与应用提供理论指导。【方法】以‘灿烂’蓝莓品种为试材,在(5±0.5)℃贮藏条件下,分别采用不打孔聚乙烯（PE）保鲜袋、打孔聚乙烯保鲜袋包装和不包装处理。通过分析营养品质、抗氧化酶活性和抗氧化物质含量等指标的变化,探讨包装方式对蓝莓采后贮藏品质及抗氧化活性的影响。【结果】蓝莓果实在低温贮藏条件下,采用PE保鲜袋包装能有效防止果实失水、延缓硬度和可溶性固形物(TSS)的变化,并能较好维持果实抗氧化性能,但对可滴定酸含量变化无显著影响。【结论】采用不同包装方式对蓝莓贮藏品质存在明显差异,其效果依次为：不打孔PE袋＞打孔PE袋＞无膜包装。  相似文献   

杧果采前喷施茉莉酸甲酯对其抗病性和采后品质的影响   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

弓德强  谷会  张鲁斌  洪克前  朱世江 《园艺学报》2013,40(1):49-57

 以‘台农1号’杧果（Mangifera indica L.‘Tainong 1’）为试材,研究了采前喷施茉莉酸甲酯（MeJA）处理对杧果抗病性和采后品质的影响及其相关机理。结果表明,与对照果实相比,50 μmol · L^-1 MeJA采前处理显著降低了采收时的病果率和贮藏期的病情指数,抑制了接种炭疽病菌果实的病斑直径;有利于杧果贮藏品质的保持,提高了果肉中维生素C含量,延缓了可溶性糖含量的升高和可滴定酸含量的降低;同时,采前MeJA处理可以提高杧果果皮中苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）、过氧化物酶（POD）、多酚氧化酶（PPO）和β–1,3–葡聚糖酶（GLU）等防御酶的活性,提高贮藏早期的过氧化氢（H₂O₂）水平,抑制贮藏后期H₂O₂和MDA含量的积累。这些结果表明,采前MeJA处理提高杧果抗病性和保持果实品质与激活杧果的防御系统及降低膜脂过氧化程度有关。  相似文献   

茭白采后生理变化及保鲜技术研究进展     

董桂君  乔勇进  王春芳  刘晨霞 《保鲜与加工》2021,21(9):133-138

茭白是主要水生蔬菜之一,营养成分丰富,保健价值高,深受消费者青睐.但茭白水分含量高,采后易失水萎蔫变质,常温保存容易出现红变和腐烂现象,感官品质和商品价值大幅降低.为了延长茭白的贮藏保鲜期,提高保鲜质量,本文在介绍茭白主要营养成分及活性功能的基础上,对茭白采后生理生化变化及主要保鲜技术进行了综述,以期为茭白采后保鲜技术研究提供借鉴.  相似文献   

Effect of wet incubation time and temperature on infection, and of storage time and temperature on soft rot lesion expansion in potatoes inoculated withErwinia carotovora ssp.Carotovora     

A. C. Kushalappa  M. Zulfiquar 《Potato Research》2001,44(3):233-242

Summary Infection and lesion expansion studies were carrried out on potato tubers. In the infection study, the tubers were inoculated withErwinia carotovora ssp.carotovora (Ecc) and exposed to incubation temperatures of 10–25 °C for 3–48 h of wetness. In the lesion expansion study, the tubers were exposed to 12 h of wetness at 20 °C to establish infection, and then·stored at temperatures of 4–16 °C for 15–90 d, at 95% RH. The volume of diseased tissue was determined and the data were transformed to proportion of maximum volume diseased (PVD). Infection was close to zero for 3 and 6 h wet incubation time, regardless of incubation temperature, and reached the maximum in 12 h of wetness at 20 °C. Significant lesion expansion occurred at a storage temperature of 16 °C after about 60 d of storage time. Cubic models of infection and lesion expansion potentials explained 95 and 96% of the variations in infection and lesion expansion, respectively.  相似文献