品种、培养基质和接种量对马铃薯脱毒基础苗生长的影响     

曹君迈  陈彦云 《干旱地区农业研究》2012,30(3):8-17

以马铃薯早熟品种大西洋、中熟品种克新1号、晚熟品种青薯168脱毒基础苗为试验材料,研究品种、培养基质和接种量对马铃薯脱毒基础苗苗鲜重、根鲜重、苗干重、根干重、叶片数、株高、茎粗、根长和根条数等性状指标的影响,培养14 d时,测定各性状指标。结果表明:三个品种的主要农艺性状均在液体培养基上表现为最佳,其平均单株鲜重、干重、株高、茎粗、节长和根条数分别为:159.4 mg、9.1 mg、7.3 cm、1.16 mm、1.4 cm、5.6条。在液体培养基上,降低了马铃薯工厂化生产成本,同时还可缩短马铃薯脱毒基础苗培养时间7~9 d。接种量对马铃薯单株根鲜重、苗干重、叶片数、株高、茎粗、根长有显著性影响(P<0.05);不同成熟期品种苗鲜重、根鲜重、根干重、叶片数、株高、茎粗、根长和根条数受品种影响显著(P<0.05);不同成熟期品种、不同接种密度处理对马铃薯单株根鲜重、苗干重、根干重、叶片数、株高、茎粗、根长影响有显著性交互作用(P<0.05);早熟品种大西洋,接种密度为0.67株/cm2时,中熟品种克新1号和晚熟品种青薯168接种密度为0.80株/cm2时,综合农艺性状表现最好。  相似文献   

恩施州马铃薯加工业现状与发展浅析     

殷红清  吴承金  李大春 《中国马铃薯》2010,24(5)

本文分析了恩施州马铃薯加工业发展的优势条件,包括自然地理条件、区位优势、良好的原料品质、较强的科技力量等。同时,揭示了目前尚存在的不足,包括原料供给不足、加工产品单一,企业管理不规范等;提出了从马铃薯淀粉、全粉及变性淀粉、休闲食品、马铃薯硒产品和色素产品食品添加剂加工等方面的发展建议和具体的配套措施,即强化马铃薯加工品种选育与相关技术研究,稳定加工专用薯基地建设,在政府加大政策支持力度的前提下,实施较大的马铃薯加工企业的培育、扶持和引进工程。  相似文献   

周宁县春种马铃薯新品种比较试验     

汤序武 《中国马铃薯》2010,24(6)

马铃薯新品种中薯3号、紫花851、福克76和福克212在福建周宁试种。从品种的特征特性、晚疫病抗性及鲜薯产量综合分析,4个品种的鲜薯产量均比对照品种克新3号高,对晚疫病抗性均表现高抗或抗病,除了福克76裂薯较多外,其余3个品种的综合性状均表现较好。计划进一步加大对中薯3号、紫花851和福克212的引进力度,加快周宁县马铃薯老品种的更新换代步伐。同时继续引进新品种进行试种,增加农户对新品种的可选择性。  相似文献   

豫东地区能源型甘薯品种的筛选     

李红忠  史本林  朱新玉 《贵州农业科学》2011,(10)

为选育适合豫东地区自然条件的高产高淀粉型甘薯品种,在河南省商丘市进行了生产试验,并测定各品种的鲜薯产量、薯干产量、干物质量、淀粉率及主要病虫害抗性。结果表明:徐薯22、商薯19和金玉3种能源生产专用型甘薯品种能更好地适应当地条件,其淀粉含量比当地主栽品种豫薯9号提高10%左右,产量提高5%～10%。大力发展能源型甘薯种植能使农民增收,使用生物质能源可有效减轻大气污染,经济效益、社会效益和生态效益明显。  相似文献   

不同复合菌剂对甘薯营养成分的影响     

李昊坤  韩燕红  刘全兰  王家林 《现代农业科技》2023,(22)

本文以朝日8号 为材料进行田间小区试验，研究了9组不同复合菌剂对甘薯产量和品质的影响。与对照相比，苏云金芽孢杆菌Bt1、肠杆菌属Es和戊糖片球菌PP1形成的组合1的增产效果最高，与对照相比增产17.02%；复合菌剂处理均显著改变了甘薯的营养品质和DPPH自由基清除率，增加或减少了水分、灰分、粗蛋白、粗纤维、总糖、还原性糖、胡萝卜素、维生素C和多酚等营养成分的含量，增加或减少了DPPH自由基清除率。复合菌剂组合1较好的改善了甘薯。  相似文献   

多效唑对春薯5号马铃薯产量和品质的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵昶  白凤霞 《吉林蔬菜》2010,(6):72-73

本试验在马铃薯初花期,对其叶面进行喷施0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0g·L-1多效唑处理,以清水为对照,研究了多效唑对马铃薯产量和品质的影响。试验结果表明,多效唑可以提高马铃薯产量和品质,其中以浓度为1.5g·L-1处理效果最显著,产量比对照提高了18.9%,淀粉含量比对照提高了14.7%。  相似文献   

马铃薯新品种—秦芋32号选育     

蒲正斌  张百忍  王长科  张昌兵  周长武  郑敏* 《中国马铃薯》2012,(4):255-256

秦芋32号(原代号:康0102-5)是2000年以秦芋30号作母本,89-1优系作父本,有性杂交获得实生种子,经育种圃、鉴定圃选育而成。2011年3月申报国家农作物品种审定委员会待审,2011年10月通过审定。2007～2009年参加国家级马铃薯品种中晚熟西南组繁种及区域试验;2010年国家西南组生产试验平均产量1 443 kg/667 m2,比对照米拉增产12.5%。块茎干物质含量18.5%、淀粉含量11.8%,Vc含量14.2 mg/100 g,还原糖含量0.29%,粗蛋白含量2.1%。抗病性接种鉴定:中抗PVX和PVY,抗晚疫病。  相似文献   

Accessions of Australian Nicotiana species suitable as indicator hosts in the diagnosis of plant virus diseases   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

P. Van Dijk  F. A. Van Der Meer  P. G. M. Piron 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1987,93(2):73-85

When screening the genusNicotiana for sensitive and differential hosts for a group of mechanically transmissible plant viruses with narrow host ranges, development of systemic symptoms was alsmost exclusively observed in species of three closely related sections of the subgenusPetunioides. These species wereN. miersii (sectionAcuminatae),N. bigelovii andN. clevelandii (Bigelovianae) andN. benthamiana, N. cavicola, N. ingulba, N. occidentalis, N. rosulata andN. rotundifolia (Suaveolentes). Except forN. benthamiana andN. clevelandii, which are already known for their large virus ranges, they are new experimental hosts that appeared very useful for detection of viruses and for differentiation of viruses that closely resemble each other in host range. Accessions of the same species often varied largely in local and systemic viral response. EspeciallyN. benthamiana-9,N. miersii-33 andN. occidentalis-37B (code numbers given by Tobacco Research Laboratory, Oxford, N.C., USA) are recommended for routine inoculation tests. The sensitiveSuaveolentes species mentioned are native to the arid parts of Australia. Collections of these species deserve attention in studies on virus diseases of unknown etiology where experimental hosts are lacking.Samenvatting In het genusNicotiana werden vatbare, gevoelige en differentiële toetsplanten opgespoord door toetsing van vooral de collectie van het Tobacco Research Laboratory (Oxford, N.C., VS) met een aantal virussen waarvoor weinig of geen bruikbare toetsplanten bekend waren. Systemische reacties werden bijna uitsluitend in soorten van drie nauw verwante secties van het subgenusPetunioides waargenomen. Deze soorten warenN. miersii (sectieAcuminatae),N. bigelovii enN. clevelandii (Bigelovianae) enN. benthamiana, N. cavicola, N. ingulba, N. occidentalis, N. rosulata enN. rotundifolia (Suaveolentes). Behalve voor virusvermeerdering bleken deze soorten ook zeer geschikt te zijn voor differentiatie van virussen of virusstammen met een bijna gelijke waardplantenreeks.Collectienummers van één en dezelfde soort konden sterk in lokale en systemische reactie verschillen. VooralN. benthamiana-9,N. miersii-33 enN. occidentalis-37B kunnen voor routine-inoculaties worden aanbevolen. Met uitzondering vanN. benthamiana enN. clevelandii zijn de genoemde soorten of genotypen nieuwe experimentele waardplanten voor de virologie. De soorten die van de sectieSuaveolentes worden genoemd, zijn inheems in de woestijnachtige gebieden van Australië. Verzamelingen daarvan verdienen nadere aandacht bij de diagnostiek van virusziekten waarvoor nog geen experimentele waarplanten voorhanden zijn.  相似文献   

Evaluation of foliar resistance in potato to Phytophthora infestans based on an international field trial network     

J. G. Hansen †  M. Koppel  A. Valskyte  I. Turka  J. Kapsa 《Plant pathology》2005,54(2):169-179

During the period 2000–03, local potato cultivars in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland and Denmark were tested for foliar resistance to Phytophthora infestans (late blight) in an international field trial network. Four standard cultivars were included in the trials: Sava, Oleva, Danva and Kuras. Primary disease-assessment data were entered into a common database, and parameters from the disease progress curves were calculated and made available on interactive web pages. A regression model, using relative area under disease progress curve (RAUDPC) values for cv. Oleva as a reference, was developed for the estimation of 1–9 scale values, where 1 = most susceptible. Standard deviations for the estimated 1–9 scale values and a nonparametric rank stability analysis of RAUDPC were used to evaluate the stability of resistance of the cultivars. Overall, the results showed stability of resistance for cvs Sava, Oleva and Danva, but not for Kuras. Use of the Internet-based Web-Blight service in this study facilitated comparison of results among countries for the level and stability of resistance. The estimated 1–9 scale values were similar to, or slightly lower than, those from official cultivar lists or from the European Cultivated Potato Database, especially for the more resistant cultivars. Possible reasons for discrepancies from different sources and locations are discussed. It is concluded that RAUPDC and the derived 1–9 scale values are useful for ranking cultivars for resistance to P. infestans , but this information is not detailed enough for use in a decision support system for late blight control.  相似文献   

In Planta - Complementation of Clavibacter Michiganensis Subsp. sepedonicus Strains Deficient in Cellulase Production or HR Induction Restores Virulence     

Riitta Nissinen  Shaaban Kassuwi  Riikka Peltola  Mary C. Metzler 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2001,107(2):175-182

Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus, a Gram positive bacterium that causes bacterial ring rot of potato, was studied in eggplant, an alternate host, using strains that differed in phenotype. Two factors affecting virulence, the ability to induce a hypersensitive response (HR) and cellulase production, were studied. A plasmid-free isolate of C. michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus that causes HR on tobacco but is unable to produce cellulase multiplied efficiently in planta, but caused only weak symptoms. In contrast, a strain that is unable to induce HR on tobacco but produces cellulase was impaired in the ability to multiply in the host and caused no symptoms. When the two non-virulent strains were coinoculated into eggplants, typical disease symptoms developed. This enhancement was not due to formation of a new phenotype or significant increases in population density of either of the strains. Our results suggest that both cellulase production and the ability to induce HR are required for a successful infection process and disease induction by C. michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus. Our results additionally suggest that the ability to induce HR on non-host plants is required for multiplication in the host plant, whereas cellulase expression is necessary for induction of disease symptoms.  相似文献