吉林省主要城市及景点旅游产品与公示语翻译现状调查及规范性对策研究     

张丽丽 《吉林农业科技学院学报》2012,(3):115-118

吉林省主要城市及景点旅游产品与公示语翻译现状存在着许多问题,在一定程度上损害了吉林省的对外形象。通过调查找出吉林省主要城市及景点旅游产品与公示语翻译存在的主要问题,从汉英语言风格、传统习俗、思维习惯的差异及管理部门的内、外部因素等方面分析其成因,并就吉林省主要城市及景点旅游产品与公示语翻译规范性对策提出一些看法与观点。  相似文献   

Comparison of Moist and Dry Cooking on Sensory Quality,Consumer Acceptance and Marketability of Canned Bighead Carp     

《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(1):33-44

Abstract

Canned bighead carp has shown potential as a freshwater fish product. Canned products made from bighead carp loins that had been either cooked in steam or a convection oven were evaluated by a consumer panel of 90 individuals. The consumers were not told the identity of the fish under consideration. Acceptability was estimated by use of hedonic scales for sensory attributes, open-ended questions about how the products compared to similar canned fish products, and the just right scale for attribute direction for change. Willingness to pay compared to similar products also was determined for each product. Both carp products were light in color and contained less than 1% crude lipids. Acceptability of both products was good with the steam-cooked carp products being slightly more preferred in most categories. For the sensory attribute, “overall liking,” 54% of panelists rated the steam-cooked product as either like very much or like moderately. Likewise, over 60% of panelists indicated that either carp product was better than or equal to canned tuna and that they would be willing to pay as much for either product as tuna.  相似文献   

促进无公害农产品开发的措施     

刘同民 《现代农业科技》2012,(2):353-355

尽管国家和农业行政主管部门于近些年加大了对无公害农产品开发的政策引导和技术监管力度,但是收效不佳。为此,该文在剖析现实困境的基础上,探索促进无公害农产品开发的政策和法律措施,以实现无公害农产品开发的良性循环。  相似文献   

Problems of using pines in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tuber melanosporum</Emphasis> culture: soils and truffle harvest associated with <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pinus nigra</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">P. sylvestris</Emphasis>     

L. G. García-Montero  J. L. Manjón  S. Martín-Fernández  G. Di Massimo 《Agroforestry Systems》2007,70(3):243-249

In Mediterranean pine forests, truffles and mushrooms generate greater profits than any other woodland products. However, there are no studies on Tuber melanosporum Vittad. associated with pines. For this reason, we have carried out a study of this truffle in mountain woods with Pinus sylvestris L. and P. nigra Arnold subsp. salzmannii (Dunal) Franco, in central Spain. Two hundred and eight Tuber melanosporum burns were monitored for 7 years in five different habitats within the same geographical area. An ANOVA test confirmed significant differences in carpophore production. In higher producing habitats, pines were less abundant. We also confirmed that in 433 burns, T. melanosporum was always unequivocally associated with the root base of Quercus or Corylus trees. Similarly, 14 truffle collectors confirmed that they had never found a single burn with carpophore production associated exclusively with pines. Nevertheless, soil analyses indicated that the soil of these pine woods was very favourable to Tuber melanosporum. We therefore conclude that at present Pinus nigra salzmannii and P. sylvestris are of little interest to Tuber melanosporum culture, as they hinder carpophore production. However, this study has also confirmed that Pinus nigra salzmannii and P. sylvestris mycorrhize easily with Tuber melanosporum, both in the laboratory and in natural environments. On this basis, we propose that pines may act as transmitters of T. melanosporum, although they do not induce fruiting. As a result, the commercial cultivation of Pinus nigra salzmannii and P. sylvestris seedlings mycorrhized with Tuber melanosporum is not recommended in truffle culture at the present time.  相似文献   

有机生态型无土栽培技术的推广与利用     

陈晓红 《林业科技情报》2003,35(2):6-6

有机生态型无土栽培技术是培育蔬菜和花卉等获得无公害产品的最佳途径;它投资少,经济效益高,可推广使用。  相似文献   

自由贸易体制对中国林产品贸易可持续发展影响研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

沈文星  杨红强 《绿色中国(A版)》2005,(24):47-49

林产品自然属性决定其贸易活动熏更多涉及到自然资源和环境保护方面的问题。中国作为世界重要林产品进出口大国,森林资源的匮乏与经济快速发展使得林产品进口依存度不断提高,WTO倡导的自由贸易体制深刻影响中国林产品贸易的可持续发展。自由贸易体制影响中国林产品贸易规模、产业结构及贸易政策的选择。多边贸易体制下,自由贸易与环境保护博弈发展,自由贸易体制要求中国林产品贸易可持续发展设计合理的制度安排及路径选择。  相似文献   

Evidence that subsistence farmers have domesticated indigenous fruits (Dacryodes edulis and Irvingia gabonensis) in Cameroon and Nigeria     

Roger R.B. Leakey  Zacharie Tchoundjeu  Rognvald I. Smith  Robert C. Munro  Jean-Marie Fondoun  Joseph Kengue  Paul O. Anegbeh  Alain R. Atangana  Annabelle N. Waruhiu  Ebenezer Asaah  Cecilia Usoro  Victoria Ukafor 《Agroforestry Systems》2004,60(2):101-111

Ten fruit and kernel traits were measured in 152 Irvingia gabonensis and 293 Dacryodes edulis trees from 6 villages in Cameroon and Nigeria. Frequency distribution curves were used to examine the range of variation of each trait of each species in each village and aggregated into national and regional populations. There were differences between the village sub-populations, with regard to the normality (e.g., mean kernel mass of D. edulis) or skewness (e.g., mean flesh depth of D. edulis) of the distribution curves and in the degree of separation between the individual village populations along the x axis, resulting in the development of a bimodal distribution in the regional population. For all traits, populations of both species differed significantly between countries, but only in D. edulis were there significant differences between the Cameroon populations. On the basis of the results of this study, D. edulis can be said to be virtually wild in Nigeria but semi-domesticated in Cameroon, while I. gabonensis is wild in Cameroon and semi-domesticated in Nigeria. These results are discussed with regard to a hypothesis that the range and frequency of variation in the different populations can be used to identify five stages of domestication. From a comparison of the frequency distribution curves of desirable versus undesirable traits, and statistically identifyable changes in skewness and kurtosis, it is concluded that as a result of the farmers’ own efforts by truncated selection, D. edulis is between Stages 2 and 3 of domestication (with a 67% relative gain in flesh depth) in Cameroon, while I. gabonensis in Nigeria is at Stage 2 (with a 44% relative gain in flesh depth). In this study, genetic diversity seems to have been increased, and not reduced, by domestication. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Teak (Tectona grandis), fruit trees and other perennials used by hill farmers of northern Laos     

W. Roder  B. Keoboualapha  V. Manivanh 《Agroforestry Systems》1995,29(1):47-60

Hilly topography and inaccessible markets leave limited alternatives for Lao upland farmers who grow rice in slash-and-burn systems. They plant banana, mango, papaya, coconut and other perennials and collect forest products, specially bamboo shoot, banana inflorescence, rattan, cardamom, and benzoin for home consumption and market. Teak is the most important perennial planted on upland fields but farmers having teak are more likely to belong to the lowland ethnic groups and own lowland rice fields. Farmers preferred teak over fruit trees and coffee because of the better market potential and 82% considered cash income or wood for construction and 18% the securing of land tenure as major reasons for planting teak. Insufficient financial resources, non-availability of land, lack of seedlings, lack of labor and lack of experience were regarded as the main reasons for not planting teak by 41, 39, 35, 28 and 13% of non-teak growers, respectively. Plantations are often interplanted with rice for the first 1–3 years. Resource-poor families generally cannot risk the long-term investments and credit or modified systems combining food, livestock, and timber production are necessary to allow them to take part in the potentially lucrative teak production.  相似文献   

The domestication and commercialization of indigenous trees in agroforestry for the alleviation of poverty     

R. R. B. Leakey  A. J. Simons 《Agroforestry Systems》1997,38(1-3):165-176

New initiatives in agroforestry are seeking to integrate into tropical farming systems indigenous trees whose products have traditionally been gathered from natural forests. This is being done in order to provide marketable products from farms that will generate cash for resource-poor rural and peri-urban households. This poverty-alleviating agroforestry strategy is at the same time linked to one in which perennial, biologically diverse and complex mature-stage agroecosystems are developed as sustainable alternatives to slash-and-burn agriculture. One important component of this approach is the domestication of the local tree species that have commercial potential in local, regional or even international markets. Because of the number of potential candidate species for domestication, one crucial first step is the identification of priority species and the formulation of a domestication strategy that is appropriate to the use, marketability and genetic potential of each species. For most of these hitherto wild species little or no formal research has been carried out to assess their food value, potential for genetic improvement or reproductive biology. To date their marketability can only be assessed by their position in the local rural and urban marketplaces, since few have attracted international commercial interest. To meet the objective of poverty alleviation, however, it is crucial that market expansion and creation are possible, hence for example it is important to determine which marketable traits are amenable to genetic improvement. While some traits that are relatively easy to identify do benefit the farmer, there are undoubtedly others that are important to the food, pharmaceutical or other industries that require more sophisticated evaluation. This paper presents the current thinking and strategies of ICRAF in this new area of work and draws on examples from our program. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

影响木材产品质量因素及控制方法的研究     

朱玉杰  张文国  王巍 《森林工程》2003,19(2):9-10

木材产品质量是影响林业企业经济效益最关键的因素之一。本论文从树木生长特性、采伐技术、集材、造材等六种因子对木材产品质量影响进行了分析，并采取科学的方法加以控制，以减少木材损伤，提高木材产品质量。  相似文献