Field evolution of insecticide resistance in the brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål) in China     

《Crop Protection》2014

The brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål) is one of the most destructive pests of rice crops in Asian countries including China, Vietnam, Thailand, etc. Evolution of resistance in this pest insect to isoprocarb, buprofezin, pymetrozine, imidacloprid and other neonicotinoid insecticides has been reported. In order to investigate the current status of resistance to commonly used insecticides, nine field populations of N. lugens were collected from Central China, East China and South China, and resistance to insecticides was monitored from 2009 to 2012. All the 9 field populations collected in 2012 had developed extremely high resistance to imidacloprid, with resistance ratios (RR) ranging from 209.3 to 616.6. Resistance to imidacloprid was much higher in 2012 than in 2009. The RR of thiamethoxam varied from 17.4 to 47.1, and the RR of nitenpyram varied from 1.4 to 3.7 in 2012. Of the 9 field populations, six populations showed higher resistance to nitenpyram in 2012 than in 2011. RR for buprofezin varied from 110.1 to 221.6 in 2012 whereas resistance was at a medium level (RR 20.4 ∼ 39.4-fold) in 2009. RR for pymetrozine ranged from 34.9 to 46.8 in 2012. As for isoprocarb, RR ranged from 21.7 to 38.1 in 2012. The obvious increase in resistance to widely applied insecticides indicates that insecticide resistance management strategies are urgently needed to prevent or delay further increase of insecticide resistance in N. lugens.  相似文献   

Susceptibility of Brazilian populations of Diatraea saccharalis to Cry1Ab and response to selection for resistance     

《Crop Protection》2014

The sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis (F.), is a key pest of sugarcane and other grasses, which is a current focus of research aiming to develop transgenically resistant genotypes. However, the current susceptibility of Brazilian populations of the sugarcane borer to Bt toxins is unknown. Laboratory assays were carried out to characterize the susceptibility of sugarcane borer to the Bt toxin Cry1Ab and to select a resistant strain for additional studies on Cry1Ab resistance. Susceptibility was characterized by exposing neonates of different Brazilian colonies of sugarcane borer to different concentrations in meridic diet using surface application of Cry1Ab toxin. Selection for Cry1Ab resistance was carried out by exposing neonates to Cry1Ab-expressing maize (MON 810). The resistance of the borer populations to Cry1Ab was variable with LC₅₀ and EC₅₀ values reaching about 30-fold. The larvae responded positively to Cry1Ab selection exhibiting a 55-fold increase in resistance after four generations. This suggests the suitability of using leaves containing Bt-expressing genes for selection and the existence of variability of Bt-resistance in populations of the sugarcane borer.  相似文献   

4个番茄品种对细菌性斑点病田间抗性评价及摘叶法防治技术初探     

杨子祥  苏银玲  麻继仙  但忠  杨龙  李易蓉  木万福 《热带作物学报》2014,34(9):48-51

对云南热区4个番茄品种进行了细菌性斑点病的田间抗性评价和发病特点调查,同时评价了人工摘除病叶法对该病的防治效果。结果表明,拉比品种抗病性优于其它3个品种,同一品种植株上各部位发病严重程度依次为下部＞中部＞上部。用20%噻菌铜SC 300倍液进行病害防治时,辅以人工摘除下部重病叶的措施可显著提高病害防治效果。  相似文献   

优质、抗稻瘟病香型水稻三系不育系繁源A的选育     

游年顺  张以华  黄利兴  雷上平  潘玉卿  胡荣华  吴志源  谢美珠  孟志国 《热带作物学报》2014,35(3):488-492

以长丰B为母本,乐丰B为父本杂交配组选育保持系,再与乐丰A测交、回交转育,育成野败籼型香稻三系不育系繁源A,于2013年通过福建省品种审定。结果表明,繁源A不育性稳定、配合力强、异交率高、抗稻瘟病、米质优异有香味。  相似文献   

INIBAP引进香蕉种质资源对枯萎病的抗性评价     

冯慧敏  张俊  王志双  徐小雄  陈友  王沛政  武耀廷 《热带作物学报》2014,34(8):37-42

香蕉枯萎病己成为香蕉的毁灭性病害。该病属于土传性病害,扩散蔓延速度快,难于进行生物控制、药物防治及轮作、浸田等常用防治方法的防治。因此,防治香蕉枯萎病的最佳方法是进行香蕉遗传改良,培育抗病品种。选用从INIBAP[(International Network for the Improvement of Bnana and Plantain,国际香(大)蕉改良网络)]引进的42份香蕉种质资源,采用伤根侵染法,用含2×106个孢子/L的香蕉枯萎病1号和4号小种菌液分别对42份香蕉幼苗进行处理,筛选抗香蕉枯萎病种质。结果表明：在侵染1号小种时,7份材料表现高感,13份感病,22份中抗,无高抗;在侵染4号小种时,25份材料表现高感,12份感病,5份中抗,无高抗。综合分析显示,M11和M25对枯萎病1号和4号小种均表现中抗。  相似文献   

转Bt基因水稻对东亚飞蝗抗寒性的影响     

许释文  ;肖铁光  ;朱景全 《作物研究》2014,(3):297-298

为了探究转Bt基因水稻对东亚飞蝗抗寒性的影响,在室内条件下以转Bt基因水稻和非转基因水稻分别喂养东亚飞蝗3代,用过冷却点仪测定东亚飞蝗的过冷却点和冰点。结果表明,转Bt基因水稻饲养的东亚飞蝗的4龄、5龄幼虫、成虫（雌和雄）的过冷却点分别为-5.89、-7.59、-6.64和-6.79,与对照组无显著差异。  相似文献   

抗青枯病花生新品种莆花5号的选育     

黄金堂  陈海玲  郑国栋  邱国清  谢志琼 《花生学报》2014,(4):63-66

莆花5号系以湘花B为母本、金花18为父本有性杂交经系谱法选育而成的花生新品种。该品种表现高产、稳产,适应性广,中抗青枯病、叶斑病、锈病,较强的抗旱性、耐涝性和抗倒性。2014年5月通过福建省农作物审定委员会认定,适宜福建省花生产区示范推广。  相似文献   

过量表达拟南芥GPX3基因提高玉米苗期抗旱性研究     

岳润清  铁双贵  燕树锋  韩小花  齐建双  林鸿  徐玉隔  刘芳 《玉米科学》2014,22(3):48-53

通过农杆菌介导法将拟南芥抗旱基因AtGPX3导入玉米自交系郑58中,用PCR和RT-PCR法对转化玉米进行检测,在水分胁迫下对T₁代转基因玉米和非转基因玉米进行抗旱性分析。结果表明,共得到56株转化苗,检测获得9个株系的30株T₀代转基因阳性植株,抗性植株阳性率为53.6%。RT-PCR检测表明,T₁代有6个株系为稳定遗传阳性株系,并且AtGPX3基因在转基因玉米中表达量大幅度提高。耐旱性分析表明,非胁迫条件下,非转基因和转基因株系中游离脯氨酸（Pro）和丙二醛（MDA）的含量基本无显著差异。在干旱胁迫条件下,转基因玉米叶片的Pro含量高于非转基因玉米,比非转基因株系提高了46.2%;MDA含量低于非转基因玉米,比非转基因玉米下降了34%。通过导入AtGPX3基因,可以提高玉米苗期的耐旱性。  相似文献   

不同浓度配比的PEG、二甲基亚砜和水杨酸引发对玉米种子抗寒性的影响     

孙刚  曹敏建  张弘  于海秋  赵新华 《玉米科学》2014,22(3):86-90

以玉米杂交种创奇518新种子为材料,以不同浓度配比的聚乙二醇（PEG）、二甲基亚砜和水杨酸组合作为引发剂,采用L₉（3⁴）正交试验设计,通过低温种植处理,研究提高玉米种子抗寒性的3种引发剂的最佳浓度配比。结果表明,不同配比引发处理的玉米种子发芽势、发芽率、苗鲜重、活力指数、过氧化物酶（POD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性均表现出明显差异。以浓度为20%的PEG、浓度为0.5%的二甲基亚砜和浓度为0.007%的水杨酸组合处理种子的发芽率、活力指数最高,幼苗长势整齐一致,POD和CAT较对照有明显提高。  相似文献   

稻瘟病抗性基因的克隆及应用研究进展   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张佩胜  赵春德  余宁  张迎信  刘群恩 《中国稻米》2014,20(5):1-7

稻瘟病是水稻三大病害之一,每年都给水稻生产造成巨大损失,挖掘并合理利用品种自身抗性是解决稻瘟病危害的最有效途径。本文综述了水稻稻瘟病抗性基因克隆、功能标记开发以及稻瘟病抗性分子标记辅助选择育种研究进展,为进一步克隆、研究、应用稻瘟病抗性基因提供理论指导。  相似文献