Bioaccumulation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Mytilus galloprovincialis under experimental conditions          下载免费PDF全文

Donatella Ottaviani  Serena Chierichetti  Elena Rocchegiani  Sabrina Santarelli  Francesca Leoni 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(1):356-360

  相似文献   

电活性菌藻膜耦合虹吸曝气技术处理海水养殖废水     

匡彬  周丽琳  蔡传林  龙禧  张宝雯  汪涛 《农业工程学报》2023,39(21):205-212

人工湿地耦合微生物燃料电池(constructed wetland-microbial fuel cell,CW-MFC)被广泛应用于低碳氮比水产养殖废水处理。然而,高盐度抑制限制了其在海水养殖废水处理中的应用。针对高盐抑制,该研究利用海水底泥和海洋微藻构建电活性菌藻生物膜并结合虹吸曝气技术强化CW-MFC处理海水养殖废水。相比CW-MFC,强化系统对化学需氧量、总磷、总氮、磺胺甲恶唑、Cu²⁺的去除率分别提高33.46%,31.07%、25.64%、12.03%、24.25%。高通量测序显示,硝化和反硝化细菌Marinobacter、Muricauda、Xanthomarina生长状况良好;在MFC阳极和电活性菌藻生物膜表面,胞外呼细菌Geobacteraceae和Pseudomonas以及海洋微藻细菌Pseudooceanicola和Hoeflea被显著富集。研究结果表明,电活性菌藻生物膜耦合虹吸曝气技术可以有效提高CW-MFC系统处理海水养殖废水的效能。  相似文献   

MMT改性淀粉基纳米复合纤维的海水降解性能          下载免费PDF全文

舒爱艳  石建高  余雯雯  王越  张敏 《水产学报》2023,47(5):059715-059715

不可降解渔具造成的“白色污染”和“幽灵捕捞”问题已严重威胁到海洋的生态环境,开发可降解渔具材料已经成为我国渔业可持续发展的有效途径之一。本实验采用熔融纺丝法制备淀粉(STR)/高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)/纳米蒙脱土(MMT)纳米复合纤维,研究MMT对纳米复合纤维的热学性能、力学性能、动态力学性能与海水降解性能的影响。结果显示,引入MMT后,纳米复合纤维的熔融温度(Tm)移向低温,结晶度增加,而断裂强度下降。此外,MMT的加入显著降低了聚乙烯的玻璃态储能模量和内部损耗,但对淀粉相影响不显著。4个月海水降解结果显示,与STR/HDPE纤维相比,STR/HDPE/MMT纳米复合纤维失重率增加了约5%,纤维直径减小了约11%,这表明MMT加快了STR/HDPE纤维的降解过程。本实验系统研究了MMT改性淀粉基纳米复合纤维的海水降解性能,可为渔业等海洋产业用降解新材料的开发与应用提供参考。  相似文献   

Performance of a photo‐heterotrophic,hypersaline system for intensive cultivation of white leg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) with minimal water replacement in lined ponds using a stochastic approach          下载免费PDF全文

Luis Daniel Moreno‐Figueroa  José Naranjo‐Páramo  Alfredo Hernández‐Llamas  Mayra Vargas‐Mendieta  José Andrés Hernández‐Gurrola  Humberto Villarreal‐Colmenares 《Aquaculture Research》2018,49(1):57-67

The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of Litopenaeus vannamei in an intensive photo‐heterotrophic hypersaline system with minimal seawater replacement, and establish relationships between parameters of a stochastic production model and relevant water quality variables. Six experimental 1000 m² lined ponds were stocked at a density of 120 shrimp m^?2 for a 105‐day trial. Salinity increased from 37 to 45 ± 2 g/L, and the water level was maintained with the weekly addition of filtered seawater, equivalent to 1.6% per day. The stochastic model predicted that, at harvest, there is 95% confidence that the system produces between 12.1 and 14.7 t/ha with a mean final individual weight of 13.1 g and a mean survival of 84.2%. Sensitivity analyses showed that dissolved oxygen and individual final weight of shrimp were the main variables influencing yield variance. Nitrogenous compounds were maintained between optimal cultivation levels (NH₃–NH₄⁺ = 0.73 ± 0.43 mg/L, N–NO₂^? = 0.09 ± 0.05 mg/L, N–NO₃^? = 3.22 ± 0.11 mg/L). Heterotrophic bacteria (6.6 ± 3.4 × 10⁵ CFU/ml) and chlorophyll‐α concentration (108.5 ± 80.2 μg/L) showed a similar development pattern, indicating a strong relationship between bacteria and microalgae during cultivation. Vibrio spp. concentrations were low (1.24 ± 1.42 × 10³ CFU/ml). It was shown that the photo‐heterotrophic system could be used in hypersaline conditions, typical of semi‐arid regions, to consistently produce between 12.1 and 14.7 t/ha in 15 weeks.  相似文献   

Palytoxin-Containing Aquarium Soft Corals as an Emerging Sanitary Problem     

Marco Pelin  Valentina Brovedani  Silvio Sosa  Aurelia Tubaro 《Marine drugs》2016,14(2)

Palytoxin (PLTX), one the most potent marine toxins, and/or its analogs, have been identified in different marine organisms, such as Palythoa soft corals, Ostreopsis dinoflagellates, and Trichodesmium cyanobacteria. Although the main concern for human health is PLTXs entrance in the human food chain, there is growing evidence of adverse effects associated with inhalational, cutaneous, and/or ocular exposure to aquarium soft corals contaminated by PLTXs or aquaria waters. Indeed, the number of case reports describing human poisonings after handling these cnidarians is continuously increasing. In general, the signs and symptoms involve mainly the respiratory (rhinorrhea and coughing), skeletomuscular (myalgia, weakness, spasms), cardiovascular (electrocardiogram alterations), gastrointestinal (nausea), and nervous (paresthesia, ataxia, tremors) systems or apparates. The widespread phenomenon, the entity of the signs and symptoms of poisoning and the lack of control in the trade of corals as aquaria decorative elements led to consider these poisonings an emerging sanitary problem. This review summarizes literature data on human poisonings due to, or ascribed to, PLTX-containing soft corals, focusing on the different PLTX congeners identified in these organisms and their toxic potential.  相似文献   

吕四渔场近岸海域水质和沉积物中多氯联苯(PCBs)的分布特征     

方南娟  袁广旺  花卫华  吕赢  梅肖乐 《水产养殖》2014,35(10):27-32

采用气相色谱测定了吕四渔场水质和沉积物样品中的多氯联苯(PCBs),并分析了其分布特征。结果显示,吕四渔场水质和沉积物中的PCBs平面分布特征为南部近岸高,而北部近岸较外海低,调查海域PCBs含量有逐年升高的趋势。水质中以低氯代PCBs同族体为主,沉积物中以高氯代PCBs同族体为主,含6个氯原子的PCBs在水中和沉积物中含量都比较高。为了削减PCBs对环境和人类的危害,我们要加强控制、管理、研究和合作。  相似文献   

The effects of dietary HUFA level on flame angelfish (Centropyge loriculus) spawning,egg quality and early larval characteristics     

Chatham K Callan  Charles W Laidley  Linda J Kling  Nancy E Breen  Andrew L Rhyne 《Aquaculture Research》2014,45(7):1176-1186

This study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) on flame angelfish (Centropyge loriculus) reproduction, and egg and larval quality. In the experiment, formulated diets containing 1.8, 2.9 or 3.6% n‐3 HUFA were fed to flame angelfish broodstock (n = 4) for 5 months. Mean fecundity (daily egg production), egg fertilization rates and embryo viability were used as indicators of egg quality. In addition, mean egg diameter, oil globule diameter, per cent hatch, larval size at hatch, per cent survival to yolk exhaustion and larval size at yolk exhaustion were recorded for each treatment. Flame angelfish fed the diet containing 3.6% n‐3 HUFA exhibited significantly increased fecundity, fertilization rates and embryo viability than fish that were fed the other two formulated diets. Egg diameter, egg oil globule diameter, larval size at hatch, larval survival to yolk exhaustion and larval size at yolk exhaustion from the 3.6% n‐3 HUFA broodstock treatment group were not significantly different from those derived from the Control broodstock treatment. These data revealed that flame angelfish egg quality could respond rapidly (within weeks) to maternal dietary changes. Results from this study further support that dietary HUFA composition can significantly affect broodstock reproductive performance as well as subsequent performance of eggs and larvae.  相似文献   

水族馆内淡水鱼饲养池水质指标分析     

冯力霞  王磊  费玥  栾钢 《水产学杂志》2013,26(1):27-31

2009年1～6月间,测定分析了水族馆内淡水鱼饲养池的水质指标。分析结果表明：溶解氧和细菌总数存在显著的负相关关系（r=-0.360,P〈0.01,n=50）,霉菌和酵母菌数量与溶解氧也存在显著的负相关关系（r=-0.550,P〈0.01,n=50）,细菌总数与霉菌和酵母菌之间存在显著的正相关关系（r=0.568,P〈0.01,n=50）;选择浊度和细菌总数作为水族馆内鱼类饲养池水质评价的新指标。本文对主要水质指标的标准差进行了分析,标准差的大小反映了淡水鱼类饲养池的综合调控措施对各水质指标控制能力的强弱。利用单个或少数几个水质指标进行水质环境评价不能充分反映实际情况,应综合看待各指标包括其间的相关性和标准差等方面,对淡水养殖环境做出较为客观的、全面的和准确的分析。  相似文献   

有机海水围塘养殖生态系统能量收支与利用效率研究     

李廷友  谢标  林振山 《水生态学杂志》2012,33(3):80-84

对连云港市宋庄镇有机海水养殖基地的海水围塘南美白对虾—缢蛏—梭鱼混养系统和南美白对虾单养系统的能量收支与利用效率进行了研究。结果表明,在有机水产养殖方式下,混养系统中能量输入、输出分别为10.54和8.37MJ/m2,单养系统能量输出、输入分别为13.45和10.72MJ/m2。混养系统的光能利用率、光合能转换效率、生物能转换效率、总能转化率和底泥沉积率分别为0.18%、34.51%、48.11%、16.89%和62.41%,单养系统相对应的数据分别为0.19%、24.95%、24.04%、11.17%和68.54%。混养系统除光能利用率外,其他指标均优于单养系统,底泥沉积率亦小于单养系统。从综合生态经济指标来看,混养系统也优于单养系统,但2者综合生态经济指标(EY)均小于1,混养和单养系统都具有提高经济效益和生态效益的潜力。  相似文献   

近海海水和表层沉积物重金属污染与生态风险评价——以海南新村港为例     

巩慧敏  刘永  肖雅元  李纯厚 《农业现代化研究》2018,39(4):700-708

为了评价近海海水和沉积物中重金属含量与分布,以海南陵水新村港为例,对新村港近海区域设置取样监测点,分析海水和表层沉积物中的重金属元素(Cd、Pb、As、Cu、Hg和Zn)含量,采用综合污染指数法和潜在生态风险指数法对海水和沉积物中的重金属污染程度与生态风险进行了评价。结果表明,海水中Cd、Pb、As、Cu和Zn的含量(μg/L)范围分别为0~0.58μg/L、0~3.85μg/L、0.6~4.15μg/L、0.55~4.7μg/L和0~48μg/L,年均含量分别为0.073μg/L、0.87μg/L、1.67μg/L、1.90μg/L和14.49μg/L,Hg未检出。表层沉积物Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb、As和Hg的年均含量分别为15.37 mg/kg、63.97 mg/kg、0.175 mg/kg、18.32 mg/kg、8.05 mg/kg和0.097 mg/kg。海水中综合污染指数小于1,海水未受到重金属的污染;沉积物综合污染指数大于10,呈现较高污染状况,主要是由海水养殖和船舶运输造成的。通过潜在生态风险指数评价表明,该海域表层沉积物中重金属对海洋生态系统的潜在生态风险属于中等水平,重金属的危害大小顺序是Hg﹥Cd﹥As﹥Cu﹥Pb﹥Zn。  相似文献