关于农产品含硒标准的初步研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

张志元  游勇  郭清泉  王永宏  邓世林 《湖北农业科学》2012,(3):640-642

我国大部分地区普遍缺硒,生产富硒农产品,为缺硒地区提供天然富硒保健食品已逐渐成为我国保健食品行业的新热点,但是食品中硒含量过高对人体有害,甚至会导致硒中毒。而人工添加无机硒难以保证农产品硒含量不超标。根据营养学人体每日对硒的需求量及中国食物成分表农产品硒元素的含量,对农产品硒含量标准提出了建议。  相似文献   

A preliminary study on the effect of metabolic stress disinfection and disinfestation (MSDD) on ripening physiology and quality of kiwifruit and apple     

F. Zulhendri  L.E. JamiesonJ. Feng  C.O. PereraS.Y. Quek  A.B. Woolf 《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2012,63(1):50-54

Metabolic stress disinfection and disinfestation (MSDD) is a relatively new quarantine treatment in which fruit are exposed to rapid decompression and compression cycles and high CO₂ atmosphere, followed by exposure to ethanol vapour under decompression. This study evaluated the ripening response of ‘Hayward’ kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) and ‘Pink Lady’ apple (Malus x domestica) to MSDD treatment, which can control longtailed mealybug (Pseudococcus longispinus). Following the treatments, fruit were held at 20 °C for 7 d for shelf-life assessment, while the remainder were refrigerated at 0.5 °C for 16 weeks. Respiration rate, volatile (ethylene, ethanol and acetaldehyde) production rates, firmness and disorders were measured at regular time intervals. MSDD treatments did not affect the metabolic activities and quality of ‘Pink Lady’ apples. However, firmness was reduced by 4.9 N in non-refrigerated MSDD treated fruit. MSDD treatments did not control superficial scald disorder in refrigerated ‘Pink Lady’ apples. For ‘Hayward’ kiwifruit, treatments increased the respiration rate and ethylene production of short-term refrigerated fruit, promoted endogenous production of ethanol and acetaldehyde in both short-term and long-term refrigerated fruit. MSDD treatments also increased the incidence of rots in refrigerated ‘Hayward’ kiwifruit. MSDD treatments accelerated the softening of short-term refrigerated kiwifruit, but retarded the softening of ‘Hayward’ kiwifruit during the 16 weeks of refrigerated storage. MSDD could potentially be used as a quarantine treatment of apples. Further studies are required on the sensory effect of MSDD treatment.  相似文献   

热处理防除小麦网腥黑穗病菌（Tilletia caries）的效果     

朱磊  曲海霞  黄云 《安徽农学通报》2012,18(13):29-31,46

在70℃、80℃两个温度,50%、65%和80%3个相对湿度下,对小麦网腥黑穗病菌(Tilletia caries,TCT)进行热处理。结果表明,240min内可完全杀灭TCT孢子的处理组合为70℃、50%RH,80℃、50%RH,80℃、65%RH,80℃、80%RH,有效杀死TCT孢子的处理时间分别为40、240、20和5min。品质测定结果表明:热处理可导致小麦麦粒的含水率明显下降,对干物质含量影响较小。热处理降低了小麦的生活力,加快了小麦的呼吸速率及营养物质分解。  相似文献   

硒对烟草种子萌发的影响     

杨亚  朱列书 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2012,38(3):241-244

以烤烟品种K326为试验材料,研究Na2SeO3质量浓度(0.0、0.1、0.5、1.0、2.0、5.0、10.0、20.0 mg/L)对烟草种子萌发的影响。结果表明:随硒质量浓度的提高,烟草种子集中萌发期提前,萌发速率加快,发芽势增强,发芽率提高;硒质量浓度在1.0 mg/L以上时,发芽势与发芽率均极显著高于对照,叶绿素含量呈降低趋势;硒质量浓度小于2.0 mg/L时,幼苗干重差异不显著,大于2.0 mg/L后幼苗干重减小趋势明显;发芽种子根系长度随硒质量浓度增加呈减小趋势;各处理综合评分以2.0 mg/L硒质量浓度处理最高,1.0 mg/L次之,20.0 mg/L最低;在漂浮育苗过程中,保持营养液中硒质量浓度在1.0～2.0 mg/L,有利于烟草种子萌发。  相似文献   

有机硒对仔獭兔生长性能和组织抗氧化能力的影响     

蒋立  吴照民  陆爱霞 《中国畜牧杂志》2012,48(17):27-31

选择80只60日龄的法系獭兔研究酵母硒对生长性能和组织抗氧化能力及GSH-Px mRNA表达丰度的影响。随机分为4个处理组,对照组、硒添加组(1～3)的饲粮是在基础日粮中分别添加0、0.1、0.3、0.5 mg/kg酵母硒,试验期30 d。结果表明:硒添加2组与3组的饲料增重比分别降低12.86%与9.02%,而皮张面积却分别增加11.30%与11.97%(P<0.05);在血浆中,添加2组与3组的GSH-Px活性与CAT活性均极显著升高(P<0.01);在肝组织中,添加1组的GSH-Px活性与CAT活性显著升高(P<0.05),而添加2组的MDA含量降低得最多;在肌肉组织中,添加1～3组的GSH-Px活性分别显著升高17.66%、57.91%与65.02%(P<0.05);肝与背最长肌的GSH-Px mRNA表达水平随酵母硒添加水平升高而升高(P<0.01)。综合分析表明,仔獭兔饲粮中添加酵母硒的最适量为0.3 mg/kg。  相似文献   

日粮中添加高硒钴锌苜蓿干草对奶牛生产水平的影响          下载免费PDF全文

郭孝  介晓磊  邓红雨  李建平  胡华锋  蒋士传  黄安群 《家畜生态学报》2012,33(4):18-22

 分别用5%的高硒、高硒钴以及高硒钴锌3种高微量元素苜蓿Medicago sativa替代基础日粮中等量普通苜蓿青干草,研究高微苜蓿对荷斯坦奶牛生产性能的影响,,为提高奶牛的饲料转化率和改善奶的品质提供依据。结果表明：和添加等量的普通苜蓿草干草相比,3种高微量元素苜蓿干草能显著提高奶牛的饲料转化率,影响牛奶的营养含量,并且饲喂安全,无副作用。其中,高硒苜蓿草干草能提高产奶量8.6%(P<0.05),提高饲料转化率13,8%(P<0.05),但显著降低了牛奶中乳脂和乳蛋白的含量;高硒钴和高硒钴锌苜蓿青干草能加强奶牛对饲料的利用,增加日增重,饲料转化率分别提高16.5%(P<0.05)和33.1%(P<0.05)。另外,高硒钴和高硒钴锌苜蓿青干草还能改善牛奶的品质,其中高硒钴苜蓿青干草能提高牛奶中乳脂含量的22.15%(P<0.05),高硒钴锌苜蓿青干草能使奶中乳蛋白、乳糖以及非脂固形物的含量分别提高9.28%(P<0.05)、3.26%和4.69%。因此,在奶牛生产中适当添加高硒钴锌苜蓿青干草,既能能提高奶牛的饲料转化率,又能提高奶的品质,而且安全又效果好,可以在生产中加以推广和利用。  相似文献   

电感耦合等离子光谱法测定蛋氨酸硒类饲料添加剂中硒元素含量     

袁友明  姚晶晶 《绿色大世界》2012,(5):157-158

利用电感耦合等离子光谱法测定了蛋氨酸硒类饲料添加剂中硒元素的含量，研究表明：回收率为97．0％～103．3％，相对标准偏差为0．66％。该方法简便，易操作，加标回收率高，重复性好。探讨了蛋氨酸硒类饲料添加剂样品前处理方法对测定结果的影响。  相似文献   

低温环境下饲粮硒添加水平对初产蛋鸭生殖器官发育及相关激素分泌的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

胡晨晖  王安  靳峰涛 《动物营养学报》2011,(11):1919-1924

本试验旨在研究低温(1 ～7℃)环境下饲粮硒(Se)添加水平对产蛋初期(120～155日龄)蛋鸭生殖器官发育及相关激素分泌的影响.试验选用120日龄金定鸭(母)216只,随机分为6组,每组6个重复,每个重复6只鸭.对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加0.08、0.12、0.20、0.41、0.71...  相似文献   

Historical trends in iodine and selenium in soil and herbage at the Park Grass Experiment,Rothamsted Research,UK          下载免费PDF全文

H. E. Bowley  A. W. Mathers  S. D. Young  A. J. Macdonald  E. L. Ander  M. J. Watts  F. J. Zhao  S. P. McGrath  N. M. J. Crout  E. H. Bailey 《Soil Use and Management》2017,33(2):252-262

Long‐term trends in iodine and selenium retention in soil, and uptake by herbage, were investigated in archived samples from the Park Grass Experiment, initiated in 1856 at Rothamsted, UK. Soil (0–23 cm) and herbage samples from plots receiving various mineral fertilizers and organic manures, with and without lime, were analysed for selenium (Se) and iodine (I) to assess the effect of soil amendments, annual rainfall, crop yield and changes in soil chemistry from 1876 to 2008. Comparing soil from limed and unlimed control (unfertilized) plots, TMAH‐extractable Se and I concentrations both diverged, with time, with greater retention in unlimed plots; differences in concentration amounted to 92 and 1660 μg/kg for Se and I, respectively, after 105 yr. These differences were broadly consistent with estimated additions from rainfall and dry deposition. Offtake of both elements in herbage was negligible compared to soil concentrations and annual inputs (<0.003% of total soil I and <0.006% of total soil Se). A positive correlation was observed between I and Se concentrations in herbage, suggesting some common factors controlling bioavailability. A growth‐dilution effect for I and Se was suggested by the positive correlation between growing season rainfall (GSR) and herbage yield together with soil‐to‐plant transfer factors decreasing with yield. Phosphate and sulphate fertilizers reduced I and Se herbage concentrations, both through ion competition and increased herbage yield. Results suggest that in intensive agriculture with soil pH control, the I requirement of grazing animals is not likely to be met by herbage alone.  相似文献   

硒硫配施对烤烟硒、硫元素吸收积累及相关代谢酶活性的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

马一琼  贾国涛  张耸  姚倩  郝浩浩  许自成 《中国农业科技导报》2017,19(3):17-25

硒、硫元素是烤烟重要的营养物质,合理的硒、硫配施对烤烟的品质改善起着重要的作用。探寻合适的硒、硫配施组合能为大田施肥提供依据。以豫烟10号为材料,采用盆栽试验研究不同浓度的硒硫配施对烟株硒、硫元素吸收积累及相关代谢酶的影响。结果显示:1烟株各器官硒含量和积累量随着施硒水平增加而增加,而提高硫水平则抑制烟株对硒元素的吸收积累。2施硒处理促进烟株硫元素的积累。其中在低硫水平时,低浓度硒能显著提高烟叶硫含量,高浓度硒对烟叶硫含量无显著影响;在高硫水平时,施硒处理均有利于提高烟叶的硫含量。3在相同的施硒水平下,与低硫水平相比较,高硫水平下的叶片APR酶活性在生长前期被抑制,SAT酶活性升高且酶活性下降时间延迟,SMT酶活性在生长后期有降低的趋势。在相同的施硫水平下,施硒处理有利于提高叶片SAT和SMT酶活,而APR酶活则变化不大。总的看来,低硫高硒处理下烟叶硒含量最高且硫含量较低,尤以S1Se2处理最为适宜。  相似文献