广西都安酿酒葡萄皮渣中白藜芦醇的提取工艺研究     

王彪  何英姿  王晓  邱雪景 《安徽农业科学》2013,41(15):6912-6914

[目的]优化广西酿酒葡萄皮渣中白藜芦醇的提取工艺。[方法]采用乙醇回流法、纤维素酶法和超声波法对酿酒葡萄皮渣中的白藜芦醇进行提取,通过正交试验优化白藜芦醇的提取工艺。[结果]试验得出,超声波法的白藜芦醇提取率高于乙醇回流法和纤维素酶法。超声波法提取酿酒葡萄皮渣中白藜芦醇的最优工艺条件为:乙醇浓度80%、料液比1∶15 g/ml、提取温度70℃、提取时间5 min,在此条件下白藜芦醇的提取率达到0.312 5%。[结论]研究可为广西都安野生毛葡萄酿酒皮渣的进一步开发利用提供理论依据。  相似文献   

Skin surface lipids and skin and hair coat condition in dogs fed increased total fat diets containing polyunsaturated fatty acids     

Kirby NA  Hester SL  Rees CA  Kennis RA  Zoran DL  Bauer JE 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2009,93(4):505-511

It is generally believed that diets containing increased amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) result in improved canine skin and hair coat (SHC). However, the extent to which dietary fat amount and type play a role remains to be systematically investigated. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of both increased dietary fat amount and type on SHC assessments of dogs. Improvements of SHC conditions were investigated after feeding three diets containing increased total dietary fat (i.e. 13% total fat) for 12 weeks in relation to a lower fat acclimation diet (i.e. 9% total fat). The higher fat diets varied in polyunsaturated and saturated fat types and amounts but total fat was kept constant. Skin and hair coat assessments were performed at selected intervals by a trained group of veterinarians and graduate students. In addition, hair lipids were fractionated by thin layer chromatography after extraction of plucked hair samples. Significant improvements were found in hair coat glossiness and softness in all dogs fed the higher fat diets in relation to the acclimation diet. Improvements as a result of fat type were also seen but only at 12 weeks. A parallel finding was a marked increase in hair cholesteryl ester content determined at the end of the study at which time SHC scores were significantly improved. Skin and hair coat condition improvements may thus be related to increased cholesteryl ester deposited on the hair shaft surface when high fat diets are fed. Whereas this finding is preliminary, hair lipid analysis may be a useful, non-invasive technique with which to help assess dietary effects on canine SHC.  相似文献   

β‐Carotene is incorporated or mobilized along with triglycerides in bovine adipose tissue in response to insulin or epinephrine     

E. Arias  A. González  A. Shimada  A. Varela‐Echavarria  F. Ruiz‐López  A. During  O. Mora 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2009,93(1):83-93

Pasture fed cattle ingest substantial amounts of β‐carotene (β‐C). Not all of the carotenoid compound is transformed into vitamin A, but the surplus is deposited in adipose tissue (AT). The mechanisms of β‐C incorporation and mobilization are unknown. Two experiments were conducted using explants from bovine AT cultured in vitro. First, β‐C incorporation by explants from three animals was examined with different β‐C concentrations (0, 1, 5 and 20 μm ) and different times of incubation (every 5 h up to 25 h). The data showed a significant increase of β‐C concentration in explants only for 20 μm β‐C. Secondly, effects of insulin and epinephrine on β‐C and triglyceride (TG) contents of explants were studied. Explants from six animals were incubated with either hormone and 0 or 20 μm β‐C for 20 h. Both TG and β‐C contents were affected positively by insulin and negatively by epinephrine. Interestingly, changes in ratios of β‐C/TG (hormone vs. control) were similar (1.7 × 10^?3 and 1.8 × 10^?3), respectively, for insulin and epinephrine, indicating that β‐C level is directly related to TG content. We also report the presence of mRNA for β‐C 15, 15′ oxygenase in bovine AT. The in vitro culture system using explants from bovine AT is a promising model to investigate factors that might affect the accumulation and metabolism of β‐C.  相似文献   

An evaluation of Irish cattle herds with inconclusive serological evidence of bovine brucellosis     

Hayes M  Ashe S  Collins D  Power S  Kenny K  Sheahan M  O'Hagan G  More S 《Irish veterinary journal》2009,62(3):182-190

Since 1998, there has been a steady decline in herd restrictions and de-populations in Ireland due to bovine brucellosis. There is concern that the interpretation of laboratory results may become increasingly problematic, as brucellosis prevalence falls in Ireland. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to evaluate the infection status of Irish herds and animals with inconclusive serological evidence of bovine brucellosis. During 12 months from September 1, 2004, laboratory and observational epidemiological data were collected from all Irish herds where animal testing identified at least one animal with a complement fixation test (CFT) reading greater than zero and/or a positive result to the indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA). Due to the observational nature of the study, we have robust estimates of the relative, but not the absolute, performance of the CFT, iELISA and brucellin skin test (BST). Herds were divided into three categories (Group A, B or C) on the basis of test results at initial assessment. A total of 639 herds were enrolled into the study, and observed for at least two years following enrolment. A rising CFT titre, with a CFT reading of 111 International CFT Units (IU) or greater at the subsequent blood test, was generally associated with herds where other evidence of infection was also available. Knowledge of the CFT reading at the initial and a subsequent blood test proved useful in distinguishing false-positive and true-positive brucellosis results. There was poor correlation between the CFT and iELISA results, and between the CFT and BST results. As a result of this study, national policy has been modified to include re-sampling of all animals with CFT readings of 20 IU or greater. This project has also led to a reduction in the number of herds restricted, as well as restriction duration. It has also contributed to a reduction in the number of herds listed for contiguous tests, and therefore the potential for contiguity testing of false positive results.  相似文献   

日本矮生沿阶草愈伤组织的诱导及其分化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李晶  孙吉雄  梁慧敏 《草业科学》2009,26(4):150-153

选用不同外植体和不同培养基,对日本矮生沿阶草Ophiopogon japonicus进行了愈伤组织的诱导及分化的研究.结果表明:幼嫩叶片的基部是最适宜诱导愈伤组织的外植体.G3(MS+KT 0.2 mg/L +2,4-D 0.1 mg/L)培养基的愈伤组织的诱导率达到89%以上,将诱导的愈伤组织置于J1(MS+BA 2.0 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L)培养基中的愈伤组织的分化率最高,达到59%.因此,选用幼嫩的叶片基部置于G3培养基进行诱导,继代一次后置于J1培养基进行分化是最有利于再生的途径.  相似文献   

几种橄榄材料的多酚氧化酶活性   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

蔡汉权  李粉玲  周山勇  赖钟雄 《亚热带农业研究》2005,1(4):34-37

研究了橄榄不同材料的多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性,比较了AC和PVP等附加物质对橄榄PPO作用的影响。结果表明:橄榄芽的PPO活性比较高,与对比材料茶叶新梢相比,其PPO活性要高出2-5倍;AC和PVP的配合使用对抑制橄榄材料的褐变有协同作用。本试验结果为组织培养中橄榄外植体材料的选用以及抑制褐变物质的选择提供了依据。  相似文献   

黑芝麻愈伤组织的诱导及分化的初步研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

余泽高  王彩霞  赵胜祥 《长江大学学报》2005,2(11):73-75

以黑芝麻(Sesamum indicum DC)成熟种子无菌苗的子叶、子叶节、下胚轴作为外植体,选用MS基本培养基,并设置4种蔗糖浓度作愈伤组织诱导培养基,以2,4-D、6-BA、IAA、KT组成16种生长调节剂浓度配伍的分化培养基,对愈伤组织的形成及分化进行了研究.结果表明,蔗糖浓度30 g/L时对子叶、子叶节愈伤组织诱导较为有利,蔗糖浓度40 g/L时对下胚轴愈伤组织诱导较为有利,分化培养基为MS 6-BA 2.0 mg/L IAA 1.5 mg/L时,子叶愈伤组织的分化率达30.0%,其效果较好.  相似文献   

葡萄皮粉在保健面包生产中的应用     

邹磊 《安徽农业科学》2012,(13):7896-7897

[目的]探讨葡萄皮粉应用于保健面包制作的最佳配方。[方法]采用正交试验考察葡萄皮粉用量、糖用量和酵母用量对产品品质的影响,并分析产品的特征和成分。[结果]最佳配方为面包粉100 g、水50 g、糖15 g、鲜鸡蛋4 g、葡萄皮粉4 g、酵母粉2 g、食盐1 g、面包改良剂1 g;在该配方下制作的面包外观质量和内在质量均较好。[结论]该研究为葡萄酒副产品的综合利用提供了一条新的途径。  相似文献   

牛结节性皮肤病流行和防控研究进展     

袁歆玮  王宇  阿地力·阿不来提  陈颖钰  李家奎  郭爱珍 《华中农业大学学报》2023,42(2):9-16

2019年8月首次在我国新疆伊犁暴发牛结节性皮肤病,随后传至全国各地。由于对这一新发病缺少全面认识和防控经验,临床上所用措施常表现出缺少针对性,导致该病的蔓延,给养牛业造成了重大经济损失。为明确该病发生的关键风险因素和防控该病的关键环节,本文从病原学特征、致病机制、临床特征、传播规律、诊断、预防和综合防控措施等方面进行了系统阐述,并针对我国牛结节性皮肤病的有效防控和净化提出了建议。  相似文献   

用改进石蜡切片法观察大鳞副泥鳅皮肤虹彩细胞     

欧志杰  边芳芳  杨瑞斌  杨学芬 《华中农业大学学报》2018,37(4):121-125

以大鳞副泥鳅为研究对象,针对常规石蜡切片无法观察到鱼类皮肤虹彩细胞的不足,固定液改用10%中性福尔马林,脱水前使用1.5%琼脂糖对组织进行预处理,染色使用3%伊红。结果发现:大鳞副泥鳅新鲜皮肤组织选用10%中性福尔马林进行固定,在梯度脱水前用1.5%琼脂糖对组织进行预处理,并用3%伊红进行染色,即可以得到组织结构完整、虹彩细胞清晰的皮肤组织切片。表明改进后的石蜡切片法可以用于鱼类皮肤虹彩细胞观察。  相似文献