Reassessment of phosphorus and nitrogen discharge from commercial carp feeds     

PARVEEN  JAHAN  TAKESHI  WATANABE  VISWANATH  KIRON  SHUICHI  SATOH 《Fisheries Science》2003,69(1):117-123

ABSTRACT:   The present study, one in a series to clarify the phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) loading from carp culture, evaluated four commercial diets. The total and available P in these diets varied from 1.57 to 1.86% and from 0.38 to 0.87%, respectively. The control diet, selected based on an earlier experiment, contained 1.40% total P and 0.68% available P. The 7-week feeding trial was performed with juvenile carp. Superior feed gain ratio was obtained for the control diet (1.00) and it varied from 1.19 to 1.56 among the commercial diet groups. Similarly, the control diet showed higher rates of P absorption (43.8%) and retention (33.1%) than the rest (absorption: 18.1–40.9%; retention: 10.7–18.7%). Total P loading (kg/t production) was 10.0 for the control group but ranged from 19.1 to 25.0 among the commercial diet groups. Nitrogen absorption was not markedly different; however, fluctuations in retention resulted in N loading (kg/t production) that ranged between 47.1 and 66.3 among the commercial diets, higher than the 34.8 obtained for the control diet. The available P in the commercial diets rarely matched the requirement level, thereby negatively affecting the waste loading. The superior performance of the control diet underscores the fact that effective formulations help in keeping emission levels low.  相似文献   

供暖锅炉消烟除尘装置的选择     

徐敏 《林业科技情报》2003,35(4):47-47

各种锅炉消烟除尘设备都有自己的使用范围,本文主要介绍了供暖锅炉在消烟除尘选用中应考虑的问题,阐明选用消烟除尘设备时要充分了解其技术范围及其经济性能。  相似文献   

An Assessment of Variation for Nutritional and Non-nutritional Carbohydrates in Lentil Seeds (Lens culinaris)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

J. Frias    C. Vidal-Valverde  A. Bakhsh    A. E. Arthur  C. Hedley 《Plant Breeding》1994,113(2):170-173

The levels of the raffinose family of α-galactosides (raffinose, stachyose, verbascose and ciceritol) and of the nutritional carbohydrates (fructose, sucrose and starch) were determined in the seed of a range of lentil lines from germplasm collections and commercial Spanish cultivars. Significant levels of variation were found for all the measured characters, and particularly for the α-galactosides. The greatest variation was found in verbascose content, which ranged from about 1 % of the seed dry weight to undetectable amounts. The relationship between these chemical components and morphological seed characteristics was assessed. The only significant relationship between the different groups of characteristics was a positive correlation between the level of verbascose and the average seed weight for each genotype.  相似文献   

Finite Element Analysis of Concrete Structures Strengthened with Carbon Fiber Sheet     

WANG Xiao? rong  JIAN Kai? lin  LIU Min  CHEN Guo? fu 《保鲜与加工》2003,(2):132-135

Stress redistributes after the concrete structures strenthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer sheet. It is a question of secondary loading.Many scholars have studied it and got a lot of achievements.This paper summarizes the methods and analyzes their advantage and shortcoming. Based on it, a new method is proposed.The method is developing in large-scale general software-Ansys by using adding new elements, constitutive relationship, failure criterion,and so on.The calculation formula agrees with the experimental data.  相似文献   

HRT Effects on Biological Nutrient Removal in Spiral Up-flow Reactor System     

LUO Gu-yuan  TANG Gang  JI Tie-jun  ZHANG Rui-xue 《保鲜与加工》2005,(7):86-89

Overall effects of HRT ( 11 h, 9 h, 8 h, 6 h ) on the Spiral up-flow reactor (SUFR) system are analyzed. The results of the operation under different HRT condition shows that the removal efficiencies of COD, TN and TP decreased not obviously with decreasing HRT when HRT is longer than 8h. Anaerobic retention time, anoxic retention time and aerobic retention time were 1.51 h,2.25 h and 4.24 h,respectively. The removal efficiencies of COD, TN and TP is kept over 93%,87% and 90.2%, respectively. Although the removal efficiencies changed obviously when the HRT was 6 h. Anaerobic retention time, anoxic retention time and aerobic retention time are 1.13 h,1.69 h and 3.18 h,respectively. COD-removal efficiency is always up to 85%, the removal efficiencies of TN and TP is kept over 76% and 72%,also has upper removal efficiencies. It is indicated that the SUFR system, which is similar to plug-flow-reactor, has strong stability and can compensate negative effects of increasing hydraulic loading.  相似文献   

应用遥感技术估算东亚沙尘携沙量   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

延昊  王长耀牛铮刘正军  张晔萍 《水土保持学报》2002,16(1):120-123

应用中国重点城市环境监测站的大气可吸入颗粒物 PM1 0 指标和 N OAA - AVH RR的大气上界的反射率指标 ,首先从遥感影象上确定沙尘。同时利用单通道遥感方法 ,从 AVH RR可见光通道反演东亚沙尘气溶胶光学厚度的空间分布 ,进一步依据沙尘气溶胶光学厚度与沙尘载荷的定量关系 ,估算出一次东亚沙尘的携沙量。基于卫星遥感的沙尘携沙量为风力侵蚀的定量研究提供了一个新方法  相似文献   

膨润土改善鸡粪厌氧消化产酸产甲烷特性   总被引：1，自引：4，他引：1  

潘君廷  马俊怡  郜天磊  邱凌  刘宏斌 《农业工程学报》2016,32(8):246-252

为探究膨润土对鸡粪厌氧消化过程中产甲烷特性和可溶性有机酸代谢特性的影响,采用L8(23)正交试验设计,以鸡粪添加量(有机负荷率)、膨润土添加量和接种量为三因素,每个因素设置2个水平,研究了中温条件下(35±1)℃膨润土添加对鸡粪厌氧消化过程中产酸和产甲烷特性的影响。结果表明:与对照组相比,低有机负荷条件下,膨润土添加能显著(P0.05)提高鸡粪挥发性固体(volatile solid,VS)产甲烷量,添加量为3.0%和1.5%时VS产甲烷量分别提升了22.72%、27.72%(膨润土添加量不同的组差异不显著(P0.05));高有机负荷条件下,膨润土添加能极显著(P0.01)提高鸡粪VS产甲烷量,添加量为3.0%和1.5%时VS产甲烷量分别提升了78.68%和55.41%(膨润土添加量不同的组差异显著(P0.05))。当鸡粪添加量为19.91 g挥发性固体,膨润土添加量为3.0%(占干基比)和接种量为80 m L(体积分数20%)时,单位挥发性固体产甲烷量最高为301.92 m L/g,比对照组高87.8%,此时可变成本也最低为2.43元/m~3,比两对照组分别低1.29和1.68元/m~3。方差分析表明:膨润土添加可提高鸡粪厌氧消化过程中挥发性脂肪酸,pH值,可溶性有机碳和可溶性无机碳的稳定性。膨润土可加强鸡粪厌氧消化系统的稳定性,降低产甲烷的可变成本,为膨润土强化鸡粪厌氧处理提供了试验验证据。  相似文献   

钢管高强混凝土增强的钢筋混凝土轴压短柱承载力研究     

刘洁  王正中 《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2005,33(12):130-134

在截面核心用钢管高强混凝土增强的钢筋混凝土短柱轴心受压试验的基础上,分析了该轴压短柱 的受力特点、荷裁变形全过程及其受压承载力计算方法,提出了承载力简化计算公式。实例计算表明,简化计算结 果与试验结果吻合较好。  相似文献   

苹果蠕变特性与静载损伤机理的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李小昱  朱俊平  王为 《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》1997,25(6):64-68

在描述苹果蠕变现象四元件Ｂｕｒｇｅｒｓ模型的基础上，建立了四元件五参数模型，研究了静载损伤与所受载荷、作用时间、变形量之间的关系，提出了苹果蠕变损伤的主要原因是其变形量超出了临界变形值，并且模型的粘弹性系数与损伤体积有着显著的线性相关关系。  相似文献   

变频调速技术在油品安全装车中的应用     

张枫  朱晓云  唐庆裕 《油气储运》2002,21(2):49-51

吐哈油库为了解决栈桥装车压力不平衡问题，应用变频调速技术对输油泵转进行实时调节，取得了管输压力平衡，节能和简化装车程序的效果，既提高了油品装车的安全性，又降低了能耗。  相似文献