Long-term lack of transmission of Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV) in a chronically infected Swedish weaner pig producing herd     

Marie Engel  David W. Hird  Tim E. Carpenter  Martin Wierup 《Preventive veterinary medicine》1995,24(4):245-252

A cohort of 53 swine seronegative to Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV) was monitored in a 1 year study of a chronically infected commercial Swedish weaner pig producing herd. Serum samples were acquired from all 134 adult swine and analyzed by enzyme-linked immmunosorbent assay (ELISA). Animals testing negative, along with introduced replacement gilts, were followed serologically every second month. Movements of animals were recorded for 319 days and exposure to seropositive animals was calculated for each seronegative pig in the cohort. The accumulated daily pig contact between the 53 ADV-non-infected swine and 43 infected swine was 35 660 days and the median number of days in contact for the non-infected swine with infected was 222. Despite the frequent contact with seropositive pigs, no seronegative animals seroconverted during the first 11 months of observation. Forty-six of 53 pigs seroconverted after a clinical outbreak during the twelfth month of observation.  相似文献   

Effect of planting density of maize on the progress and spread of northern leaf blight fromExserohilum turcicum infested residue source     

E. Adipala  J. P. Takan  M. W. Ogenga-Latigo 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1995,101(1):25-33

Effect of plant density (37,037, 44,444 and 55,555 plants/ha) on the increase of northern leaf blight in time and space on two maize cultivars planted at spacings of 90, 75 and 60 between rows and 30 cm within rows was investigated.Exserohilum turcicum infested maize residue was used as an inoculum source. Maize density did not significantly affect the disease indices, but significantly influenced the grain yield of the two cultivars. In contrast, the two cultivars differed significantly (P0.01) in disease severity, but not grain yield. Higher disease severities and grain yields were associated with higher plant densities, whereas the apparent infection rate was lower in higher plant density. Distance from the maize residue (inoculum source) significantly influenced disease severity. The percentage leaf area blighted, area under disease progress curve and disease progress curve intercept decreased with distance from the maize residue area, but the apparent infection rate on EV8429-SR appeared to increase with distance. Disease gradients (b) were higher in closely planted maize and flattened with time in one location only.  相似文献   

5个草地型草地牧草的生长速率和养分动态研究     

袁福锦吴文荣  金显栋奎嘉祥 《四川草原》2005,(3):24-27

在牧草生长季节(5~9月)对小哨牧场放牧演替形成的5个草地型草地的牧草进行生长速率、牧草产量及养分的逐月观测,生长速率测定显示,白三叶+东非狼尾草和东非狼尾草+非洲狗尾草两个草地型草地均出现两个生长峰值,分别在6月和9月,其余3个草地型草地只有一个生长高峰。干物质产量和牧草养分测定结果表明,白三叶+东非狼尾草和白三叶+非洲狗尾草+画眉草两种草地型草地表现最好,可以在气候环境条件类似的地区推广种植利用;白三叶+画眉草和白三叶+非洲狗尾草两种草地型草地表现优良,可以在草地改良中,根据当地实际情况选择性地加以种植;东非狼尾草+非洲狗尾草型草地表现较差,不提倡种植。  相似文献   

果树转基因研究进展与产业化展望   总被引：11，自引：1，他引：11  

杨莉  徐昌杰  陈昆松 《果树学报》2003,20(5):331-337

综合有关文献归纳了15年来果树转基因研究成果,其中包括:(1)已实现转基因的果树种类,目前世界和我国的大宗水果苹果、柑橘、梨、桃、葡萄、香蕉、猕猴桃和草莓等均已成功实现遗传转化;(2)通过转基因改变的农艺学性状类型,如抗病虫、抗逆、提高果实贮藏性能、缩短童期和改善果实品质等;(3)对几个重要的遗传转化研究实例作了具体介绍。同时还阐述了转基因果树产业化现状和大田试验现状,探讨了转基因果树产业化进程滞后的原因和发展前景以及促进果树产业化发展可采取的一些策略。  相似文献   

兽用抗寄生虫药物新剂型及其新技术的研究进展   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8  

符华林 《中国兽药杂志》2004,38(3):38-42

兽用抗寄生虫药物由于使用频繁,其给药技术研究一直备受重视.目前,兽用抗寄生虫药物新剂型和新技术的研究主要集中在缓释控释制剂和脂质体制剂,其次是透皮给药系统、微囊、微球、环糊精包合物、固体分散体等.但这些新剂型和新技术大多还处于研究阶段,在处方设计或制剂工艺方面都还存在一些问题,今后应加强这些新剂型的工艺和技术研究,以真正发挥这些新剂型的优点.  相似文献   

导致一例强沙尘暴的若干天气因素的观测和模拟研究     

姜学恭  沈建国  刘景涛  陈受钧 《干旱区资源与环境》2004,(Z1)

利用常规观测资料和数值模拟方法对影响2001年4月6-8日强沙尘暴天气发生的若干天气因素进行了研究。结果表明在本次“锋面气旋型”沙尘暴过程中,气旋冷锋是引发强沙尘暴的主要系统,冷锋过境对沙尘暴的触发作用远强于气旋发展。冷锋的动力学特点决定其常与强沙尘暴伴随。影响沙尘暴的诸多天气因素中,影响地面大风形成的有效动量下传机制为高空急流下沉支使高空动量下传至对流层中层,其下方形成的深厚混合层使这一动量继续下传到地面。“混合层”从本质上反映了有利沙尘暴形成的大气层结特征,深厚混合层的是否形成很大程度决定着沙尘暴的强度。本次过程深厚混合层的形成是长时间地面加热的结果,这也是特强沙尘暴仅发生在内蒙古中部偏北地区而不是下垫面条件更为适宜的内蒙古西部的原因。混合层空气的平流对内蒙古中部偏北地区深厚混合层的形成具有相当的贡献,其影响程度与地形分布密切相关。地面热通量试验表明地面加热对冷锋过境时上升运动的强度、深厚混合层形成、高空动量下传等具有重要影响,并因此影响沙尘暴强度。  相似文献   

20世纪80年代以来世界除草剂新品种开发进展及特点(一)   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李海屏 《农药科学与管理》2004,25(4):28-31

综述了近20年来世界除草剂新品种的开发进展，并介绍了除草剂工业发展的一些新特点。  相似文献   

中国牧草育种研究进展   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

于林清  云锦凤 《中国草地学报》2005,27(3):61-64

综述了我国牧草种质资源、生物技术、新品种培育、良种繁育等方面的研究进展,分析了我国牧草育种研究中存在的优异牧草种质资源匮乏、育种方法较为落后、良繁体系不健全等问题,并提出了加强基础研究、完善国家牧草种质资源、牧草遗传育种及良繁体系建设的建议。  相似文献   

Pharmacokinetics of tiludronate in horses: A field population study          下载免费PDF全文

M. A. Popot  M. Jacobs  P. Garcia  B. Loup  J. Guyonnet  P. L. Toutain  L. Bailly‐Chouriberry  Y. Bonnaire 《Equine veterinary journal》2018,50(4):488-492

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Changes in technical efficiency of the broiler production in Poland, 1994–2013     

K. Utnik-Banaś  J. Żmija  J. Krawczyk  K. Połtowicz 《British poultry science》2018,59(2):245-249

1. The effects of changes in technical efficiency on the increase of broiler production are presented for the period 1994–2013 based on the panel data from seven farms located in southern and central Poland. A total of 766 cycles were analysed.

2. The Cobb–Douglas production function was used to assess the changes of output elasticities as well as technical changes in broiler production, for 5-year sub-periods separately.

3. Technical indices of broiler production significantly improved between years 1994–2013: feed conversion ratio decreased from 2.50 kg/kg to 1.78 kg/kg, mortality rate from 8.8% to 4.0% and daily weight gain increased from 37.1 g/d to 58.7 g/d, respectively.

4. Before accession to the EU, there was a substantial increase of fixed capital connected with modernisation of buildings and equipment. In the period 1994–2013, inputs of fixed capital per kilogram of livestock increased by 72% and at the same time the input of labour decreased by 56%.

5. Technical changes in years 1994–1998 contributed to a rapid production increase at a rate of 4.6% annually and only by up to 0.7% annually during 2009–2013. The slowdown of production rate increase after 2009 was partially caused by decreasing the stocking density.  相似文献